U.S. Route 83 in Texas

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This article is about the section of U.S. Route 83 in Texas. For the entire route, see U.S. Route 83.

See also: Interstate 2 and Interstate 69E












US Highway 83 marker


US Highway 83
Texas Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway
Route information
Maintained by TxDOT
Length893.4 mi (1,437.8 km)
Existed1932–present
Major junctions
East end
United States-Mexico border in Brownsville
 
I-69E / US 77 from Brownsville to Harlingen
I-2 from Harlingen to Palmview
I-69C / US 281 in Pharr
I-35 in Laredo
I-69W / US 59 in Laredo
I-10 / US 377 in Junction
I-20 / US 84 / US 277 in Abilene
I-40 in Shamrock
North end
US-83 at OK state line near Perryton
Highway system


  • United States Numbered Highway System
  • List

  • Special

  • Divided

  • Replaced



  • Highways in Texas
  • Interstate

  • US

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  • Toll

  • Loops

  • Spurs

  • FM/RM

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  • Rec





← SH 82

SH 83 →

U.S. Highway 83 (US 83), dedicated as the Texas Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway, is a U.S. Highway in the U.S. state of Texas that begins at US 77 (Interstate 69E, I-69E) in Brownsville and follows the Rio Grande to Laredo, then heads north through Abilene to the Oklahoma border north of Perryton, the seat of Ochiltree County. It is the longest highway in Texas at a length of about 895 miles (1,440 km), besting the east–west I-10, which has a length of 879 miles (1,415 km).[1]


In the Lower Rio Grande Valley, US 83 is a freeway that is at or close to interstate standards from Brownsville to Penitas. In May 2013, the Texas Department of Transportation applied to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) to designate this 48-mile (77 km) section as I-2. After the Special Committee on Route Numbering initially disapproved the application, the AASHTO Board of Directors approved the I-2 designation, conditional on the concurrence of the Federal Highway Administration.[2] On May 29, 2013, the segment of US 83 was approved as an I-69 connector using the I-2 designation extending approximately 46 miles (74 km) from Harlingen to west of Mission.[3]




Contents





  • 1 Route description


  • 2 Major intersections


  • 3 Gallery


  • 4 See also


  • 5 Notes


  • 6 References


  • 7 External links




Route description


US 83's southern terminus is at a concurrency with I-69E/US 77 on the south side of Brownsville at the Brownsville – Veterans Port of Entry at the US/Mexico border. It remains co-signed with I-69E/US 77 until Harlingen, where I-69E/US 77 makes a sharp turn northward and US 83 maintains a westerly route to McAllen, concurrent with I-2 until Palmview. From there, the highway roughly parallels the Rio Grande until Laredo where it makes a northwesterly turn toward Carrizo Springs, the seat of Dimmit County. The speed limit on US 83 is briefly 75 mph through Dimmit County.


Merging with I-35 just south of downtown, US 83 remains co-signed with the interstate until an exit at Botines, Texas. From there, it continues northward, intersecting with I-10 just south of Junction. US 83 is co-signed with I-10 for approximately 8 miles (13 km), turning northward and leaving I-10 at the Kimble County Airport.


After continuing northward through several rural western Texas towns, US 83 then merges with US 84 east of Tuscola, where it makes a sharp turn back to the north. US 83/84 remains a co-signed route until Abilene, where US 84 turns to the northwest and US 83 remains northbound, merging with US 277 on the west side of the city. US 83/277 remains a co-signed route until approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Anson, where US 277 turns northeast, and US 83, northwest.


After merging with US 380 in Aspermont and briefly sharing a route, US 83 continues northward, merging with US 62 in Paducah. US 83/62 continues as a co-signed route until approximately 15 miles (24 km) south of Wellington, where US 62 makes a sharp turn eastward, leaving US 83 to continue northward, where it crosses into Oklahoma approximately 6 miles (9.7 km) north of Perryton.[1]




Major intersections


































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































CountyLocationmikmDestinationsNotes
CameronBrownsville0.00.0
Veterans International Bridge at Los Tomates over the Rio Grande
south end of US 77 overlap
0.91.4University Boulevard / East Avenue - UT-Brownsville, Texas Southmost College
at-grade intersection
overlap; see I-69E
Harlingen26.943.3
I-69E north / US 77 north – Raymondville, Corpus Christi, Airport
north end of I-69E / US 77 overlap; east end of I-2 overlap
overlap; see I-2
HidalgoPenitas74.5119.9

Bus. US 83 east – Bentsen Rio Grande Valley State Park, Mission, McAllen
75.0120.7
FM 1427 south – Abram
La Joya77.4124.6
FM 2521 south (Leo Avenue)
​77.9125.4
FM 2221 north – Citrus City
Sullivan City82.6132.9
FM 886 south (El Faro Road) – Los Ebanos, International Ferry, Tamaulipas
StarrAlto Bonito87.9141.5
FM 2360 – La Grulla, La Victoria
Interchange
​92.1148.2
FM 1430 west – Garciasville
La Puerta95.4153.5
FM 1430 east – Garciasville
Rio Grande City99.5160.1
FM 755 south (Pete Diaz Jr. Avenue) – International Bridge, Tamaulipas
south end of FM 755 overlap
100.5161.7
FM 755 north (North Flores Street) – La Gloria, Rachal
north end of FM 755 overlap
103.6166.7
FM 3167 north to FM 649 north – Starr County Airport, Guerra
Garceno109.1175.6
FM 649 north – El Sauz, Guerra
Roma114.0183.5
Spur 200 (Bravo Avenue) – International Bridge, Tamaulipas
115.4185.7
FM 650 west – Fronton
Falcon Heights124.3200.0
FM 2098 north – Falcon Dam, International Bridge, Falcon State Park, Tamaulipas
128.1206.2
FM 2098 south – Falcon Dam, International Bridge, Falcon State Park, Tamaulipas
ZapataChihuahua141.8228.2
FM 2687 east / Las Alejandrenas Road
Zapata155.1249.6
SH 16 east / FM 496 west (13th Avenue) – Falcon Lake, Hebbronville, Freer
San Ygnacio169.4272.6
FM 3169 east
169.6272.9

Bus. US 83 north (Washington Avenue) – Laredo
169.9273.4

Bus. US 83 south (Santa Maria Avenue) – Zapata
WebbRio Bravo190.6306.7
Rio Bravo, El Cenizo (Espejo Molina Road)		Interchange
Laredo194.2312.5
To Loop 20 north (Cuatro Vientos Road) / Mangana Hein Road – Hebbronville, Victoria
200.4322.5
Spur 260 north (Jamie Zapata Memorial Highway) to SH 359 – Hebbronville, Freer, Victoria, Laredo Entertainment Center, Texas A&M International University, Lake Casa Blanca International State Park, Airport
201.1323.6
SH 359 east to Loop 20 – Hebbronville, San Diego
Interchange; south end of SH 359 overlap
201.3324.0Arkansas Avenueinterchange; no northbound exit
203.6327.7
BL I-35 south (Houston Street) / Santa Ursula Avenue – International Bridge No. 1, International Bridge No. 2, Monterrey
North end of SH 359 overlap; south end of I-35 overlap
see I-35
Botines221.4356.3
I-35 north – San Antonio, Cotulla, Pearsall
North end of I-35 overlap; US 83 north follows exit 18
​226.5364.5
SH 255 – Cotulla, Laredo–Colombia Solidarity International Bridge
interchange
​241.7389.0
SH 44 east – Encinal, Freer
DimmitCatarina264.0424.9
FM 133 east – Artesia Wells
​267.1429.9
FM 2688 south
Asherton273.6440.3
FM 2522 north to FM 190 – Brundage
274.8442.2
FM 1557 west
276.0444.2
FM 190 – Brundage
277.5446.6
FM 190 north – Brundage
​280.0450.6
FM 1557 – Asherton
​281.1452.4
FM 1556 north – Carrizo Springs
​283.4456.1
FM 1917 south		South end of FM 1917 overlap
​283.5456.2
FM 1917 west		North end of FM 1917 overlap
Carrizo Springs284.0457.1
Loop 225 west
284.4457.7
US 277 north (Peña Street) – Eagle Pass, Del Rio
284.5457.9
SH 85 east / Loop 225 east (Nopal Street) – Brundage, Dilley
285.7459.8
FM 790 south (9th Street)
286.0460.3
Loop 517 west to US 277 north – Del Rio, Eagle Pass
286.1460.4
FM 1407 south to SH 85 east		South end of FM 1407 overlap
​286.6461.2
FM 1407 north – Winter Haven
North end of FM 1407 overlap
​288.5464.3
FM 1433 north – Crystal City
​292.2470.3
FM 1407 south – Winter Haven
Zavala​293.5472.3
FM 191 west to FM 1918 south to US 277 north – Eagle Pass
Crystal City295.4475.4
Loop 155 east
296.8477.7
FM 65 south / FM 393 west – Cometa, Brundage
297.3478.5
FM 1433 south (North 7th Avenue)
299.5482.0
FM 3292 south
​302.6487.0
FM 1025 east
La Pryor314.3505.8
US 57 / Loop 305 north – Eagle Pass, Piedras Negras, Batesville, San Antonio
314.8506.6
FM 1436 (Dean Street)
315.5507.7
Loop 305 south
315.9508.4
FM 1986 west
​319.1513.5
FM 1436 – La Pryor
UvaldeUvalde333.1536.1
FM 1435 north (South Evans Street) to US 90
333.9537.4
FM 117 south – Batesville
334.4538.2
US 90 (Main Street) – Brackettville, Del Rio, Hondo, San Antonio
south end of SH 55 overlap
335.4539.8
FM 862 east (Studer Street) – Knippa, Sabinal
335.9540.6
FM 1052 west (Oppenheimer Street)
335.8540.4
Spur 144 north (North Getty Street) to FM 2369
336.4541.4
SH 55 north – Camp Wood, Rocksprings, Sonora
north end of SH 55 overlap
​343.1552.2
FM 2690 north
​354.1569.9
FM 1051 north – Reagan Wells
Concan357.3575.0
SH 127 south – Sabinal
​365.7588.5
RM 1050 east to PR 29 – Utopia, Garner State Park
RealRio Frio367.6591.6
FM 1120 north to FM 2748 south
Leakey373.5601.1
FM 1120 south – Rio Frio
374.1602.1
RM 337 – Camp Wood, Vanderpool
375.1603.7
RM 336 north
​393.0632.5
SH 39 east – Ingram
​401.6646.3
SH 41 to US 377 – Rocksprings, Mountain Home, Divide

Kerr

No major junctions

Edwards

No major junctions

Kerr

No major junctions
Kimble​430.3692.5
I-10 east – San Antonio, Kerrville
South end of I-10 overlap; US 83 south follows exit 462
Junction432.1695.4
Loop 481
Northbound exit and southbound entrance; I-10 exit 460
434.6699.4
FM 2169 (Martinez Street)		I-10 exit 457
436.5702.5
I-10 west / US 377 south to Loop 481 – Fort Stockton, El Paso, Rocksprings, Del Rio
North end of I-10 overlap; south end of US 377 overlap; US 83 north follows exit 456
437.7704.4
US 377 north – London, Mason
North end of US 377 overlap
Menard​456.3734.3
RM 1773 east to RM 1221
​462.9745.0
SH 29 east – Hext, Mason
Interchange
Menard465.4749.0
RM 2291 south – Cleo
466.2750.3
FM 2092 (San Saba Street)
466.6750.9
US 190 west – Eldorado, Presidio San Saba, Fort McKavett State Historical Site, Iraan
South end of US 190 overlap
467.7752.7
US 190 east – Brady, San Saba
North end of US 190 overlap
​473.0761.2
FM 3463 west
ConchoEden487.7784.9
US 87 – San Angelo, Brady
488.0785.4
FM 2402 north – Eola
​499.7804.2
FM 765 – Eola, San Angelo, Millersview, Fife
Paint Rock508.5818.4
FM 380 west – San Angelo
​512.0824.0
FM 1929 – Lowake, O.H. Ivie Reservoir, Voss
Runnels​517.4832.7
FM 2133 west – Rowena
​518.4834.3
FM 2406 east – Bethel
Ballinger524.7844.4
US 67 south (West Hutchings Avenue) – San Angelo, Fort Stockton
South end of US 67 overlap
524.8844.6
SH 158 west – Bronte
525.7846.0
US 67 north – Coleman, Brownwood, Stephenville
Interchange; north end of US 67 overlap
526.2846.8
FM 382 north – Crews
Hatchel533.0857.8
FM 2887 south – Ballinger
Winters540.0869.0
SH 153 – Winters Airport, Wingate, Coleman, Crews
540.4869.7
Loop 438 east (Wood Street) – Crews, Coleman
South end of Loop 438 overlap
540.5869.9
Loop 438 west (Dale Street) – Wingate
north end of Loop 438 overlap
541.3871.1
FM 1770 east – Novice
542.5873.1
FM 2405 north – Drasco
TaylorBradshaw551.3887.2
FM 1086 west – Happy Valley
​554.2891.9
FM 604 north – Lawn
Ovalo558.7899.1
FM 382 south / FM 614 east – Rogers, Crews
Tuscola561.4903.5
FM 613 (Graham Street) – Buffalo Gap
​564.1907.8
US 84 east – Lawn, Coleman, Santa Anna
South end of US 84 overlap
​570.7918.5
FM 204 east (Clark Road)
Abilene572.4921.2
FM 707 – Tye, Caps
interchange; south end of freeway
573.9923.6Antilley Road
574.3924.2Clack Streetsouthbound exit only
574.9925.2

Bus. US 83 north (Treadaway Boulevard) / Loop 322 east – Airport, Cross Plains, Cisco
576.2927.3Arrowhead Drivesouthbound access only
576.0927.0
FM 89 (Buffalo Gap Road) – Buffalo Gap, Nolan
576.9928.4Southwest Drive
578.1930.4
US 277 south / South 14th Street – San Angelo, Bronte
South end of US 277 overlap
579.4932.5South 7th Street
580.7934.5
US 84 west / BL I-20 (South 1st Street) – Odessa, Lubbock, Sweetwater
north end of US 84 overlap
581.1935.2North 1st Street
581.4935.7North 10th Street
582.4937.3Ambler Avenue
582.9–
583.4		938.1–
938.9
I-20 – El Paso, Odessa, Fort Worth, Cisco
I-20 exit 283
584.6940.8(no name)southbound exit only
584.5940.7
FM 2404 (Old Anson Road) – Impact
585.4942.1(no name)northbound exit only
585.7942.6

Bus. US 83 south – Impact
interchange; north end of freeway; no southbound entrance
Jones​586.3943.6
FM 3034 east to FM 600 – Lake Fort Phantom Hill
Hawley591.9952.6
FM 605 west – Hodges
593.1954.5
FM 1082 – Lake Fort Phantom Hill
interchange
​599.0964.0
FM 3326 south – Hawley
Anson602.2969.1
FM 2746 west to FM 707 south – Tye
603.3970.9
FM 707 south to FM 2746 west – Tye
604.4972.7
US 180 – Roby, Snyder, Albany, Mineral Wells
606.1975.4
US 277 north – Stamford, Wichita Falls
North end of US 277 overlap
​610.0981.7
FM 1661 north – Tuxedo
​616.4992.0
FM 1636 east – Avoca, Corinth
Hamlin620.3998.3
FM 126 south – Hamlin Lake, Neinda, Merkel
621.51,000.2
FM 57 south – McCaulley, Sylvester
622.11,001.2
SH 92 – Rotan, Stamford
​625.01,005.8
FM 540 west – Rotan

Fisher

No major junctions
StonewallAspermont640.51,030.8
US 380 east / FM 610 west – Rotan, Haskell, Graham
South end of US 380 overlap
641.51,032.4
FM 1263 north (East North Second Street) to FM 3457
​643.91,036.3
US 380 west – Jayton, Post
North end of US 380 overlap
​656.21,056.1
FM 1263 south – Aspermont
KingGuthrie674.21,085.0
US 82 / SH 114 – Lubbock, Dickens, Wichita Falls, Benjamin
interchange
675.51,087.1
Spur 729 – Lubbock
​686.91,105.5
FM 193 west – Dumont, East Afton
​689.01,108.8
FM 1168 north – Grow
Cottle​693.61,116.2
FM 452 west – Delwin
​698.51,124.1
FM 2278 west – Delwin
Paducah703.11,131.5
FM 1038 east (East Clare Street) – Chalk, Hackberry
703.51,132.2
US 62 west / US 70 – Plainview, Lubbock, Matador, Vernon, Crowell
South end of US 62 overlap
703.71,132.5
FM 1037 north (Backus Street) to FM 2876 to FM 104 – Quanah
south end of FM 1037 overlap
703.81,132.7
FM 1037 south (McAdams Street)		north end of FM 1037 overlap
704.11,133.1
FM 2876 east (Brant Street) to FM 104 – Quanah
​709.81,142.3
FM 2998 north
​710.91,144.1
FM 3256 west – Matador Wildlife Management Area
Dunlap712.41,146.5
FM 2998 south
​718.61,156.5
FM 1440 west – Cee Vee
Childress​727.41,170.6
FM 2103 west
​729.91,174.7
FM 94 south – Tell, Matador
Childress732.41,178.7
FM 2042
733.51,180.5
FM 164 (Road 12) – Airport
734.31,181.7
US 287 – Amarillo, Memphis, Wichita Falls, Quanah
735.11,183.0
FM 3181 east to FM 401 south to FM 2530
​741.81,193.8
FM 2465
​750.81,208.3
US 62 east – Hollis, Altus, Lawton
North end of US 62 overlap
​752.31,210.7
SH 256 west – Memphis, Silverton
​754.31,213.9
FM 1034 east
CollingsworthWellington763.51,228.7
FM 338 (15th Street) – Dodson, Airport
764.01,229.5
Loop 204 south (8th Street) – Wellington
764.51,230.3
SH 203 east / FM 3197 west – Mangum
South end of SH 203 overlap
766.61,233.7
SH 203 west – Quail, Hedley
North end of SH 203 overlap
​770.71,240.3
FM 1981 west
​772.21,242.7
FM 3446 east
Lutie775.71,248.4
FM 1439 east
​777.91,251.9
FM 1036 west – Samnorwood
WheelerShamrock789.51,270.6
FM 2033 east (Railroad Avenue)
790.31,271.9
BL I-40 / Historic US 66 (12th Street) – Amarillo, McLean, Oklahoma City, Sayre
790.61,272.3
I-40 – Amarillo, McLean, Oklahoma City, Sayre
I-40 exit 163
Twitty796.51,281.8
FM 592 – Kelton
​800.51,288.3
FM 1906 east – Kelton
Wheeler805.61,296.5
FM 2473
806.41,297.8
SH 152 – Pampa, Sayre, Airport
Briscoe815.81,312.9
FM 1046 – Mobeetie, Allison
Hemphill​820.51,320.5
FM 1268 west
​824.71,327.2
FM 277 east – Buffalo Wallow Battleground, Allison
​830.11,335.9
FM 3044 east – Lyman Battleground
​832.71,340.1
US 60 west / SH 33 east – Miami, Pampa, Amarillo, Watonga
Interchange; south end of US 60 overlap
Canadian839.81,351.5
FM 2388 east (Main Street) – Court House
842.41,355.7
FM 2266 east – Gene Howe Wildlife Management Area, Black Kettle National Grassland, Camp Kiowa, Lake Marvin
842.71,356.2
US 60 east – Glazier, Higgins, Arnett
North end of US 60 overlap
Lipscomb​857.61,380.2
SH 23 north – Booker, Beaver
Ochiltree​859.71,383.6
FM 281 west – Cactus, Sunray
​878.81,414.3
FM 2711 east
​879.91,416.1
SH 70 south – Pampa, Clarendon
Perryton885.01,424.3
Loop 143 – Frank Phillips College Allen Campus, Spearman, Booker
886.01,425.9
FM 377 east (9th Avenue)
886.61,426.8
SH 15 (Brillhart Avenue) – Spearman, Booker
​888.01,429.1
Loop 143 south – Booker, Canadian, Pampa
​888.51,429.9
FM 1267 west – Waka, Spearman
​893.51,437.9
US-83 north – Liberal, Garden City
Oklahoma state line
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

  •       Concurrency terminus


  •       Incomplete access



Gallery





  • Scenic section of the Texas Hill Country north of Leakey







  • An abandoned hotel and restaurant (built 1926) at Catarina on US 83 near Carrizo Springs







  • Texas Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway designation in Perryton; click to read







  • U.S. Highway 83, co-signed with I-2, in a major retail district of McAllen





See also



  • Flag of Texas.svg Texas portal


  • Blank shield.svg U.S. Roads portal

  • Business routes of U.S. Route 83 in Texas


Notes





References




  1. ^ ab Google (June 17, 2015). "U.S. Route 83 in Texas" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved June 17, 2015..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em



  2. ^ Special Committee on U.S. Route Numbering (May 4, 2013). "Special Committee on US Route Numbering Report to SCOH on May 3, 2013 Meeting" (PDF) (Report). Washington, DC: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Archived from the original on October 16, 2017. Retrieved May 16, 2013.


  3. ^ Essex, Allen (May 30, 2013). "I-69 Comes to the Valley: 111 Miles Added to Interstate System". Valley Morning Star. Harlingen, TX. Retrieved June 3, 2013.




External links




KML file (edit • help)

Template:Attached KML/U.S. Route 83 in Texas

KML is from Wikidata


  • Media related to U.S. Route 83 in Texas at Wikimedia Commons




U.S. Route 83
Previous state:
Terminus

Texas
Next state:
Oklahoma
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倭马亚王朝

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Clash Royale CLAN TAG #URR8PPP body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output table.infobox captiontext-align:center 倭马亚王朝 بنو أمية ‎ 661年－750年 国旗 倭马亚哈里发国的版图 首都 大马士革（661-744） 哈兰（744-750） 常用语言 阿拉伯语（官方），亚拉姆语，亚美尼亚语，柏柏尔语族，非洲罗曼语，科普特语，格鲁吉亚语，希腊语，希伯来语，突厥语族，库尔德语 [1] ，波斯语，莫札拉布语 宗教 伊斯兰教逊尼派 政府 君主制 哈里发   • 661年–680年 穆阿威叶一世 • 744年–750年 马尔万二世 历史   • 穆阿威叶哈里发 661年 • 阿拔斯家族战胜并杀死马尔万二世，王朝灭亡 750年 面积 750年 13,400,000 km 2 人口 • 750年 34000000 货币 倭马亚第纳尔 先前国 继承国 四大哈里发 拜占庭帝国 西哥特王国 阿拔斯王朝 后倭马亚王朝 大伊朗地區歷史 現代國家興起前 現代之前 伊斯蘭之前 俾什达迪王朝 神话时期 凯扬王朝 （ 英语 ： Kayanian dynasty ） 神话时期 史前 （ 英语 ： Prehistoric Iran ） 埃蘭文明 前3200年－前2800年 埃蘭王朝 前2800年－前550年 吉罗夫特文化 （ 英语 ： Jiroft culture ） 卢卢比人 （ 英语 ： Lullubi ） 古提人 塞尔提亚人 （ 英语 ： Cyrtian ） 科杜内 （ 英语 ： Corduene ） 巴克特里亞-馬爾吉阿納 前2200年－前1700年 馬納王國 前10–前7世紀 米底王國 前728年－前550年 斯基泰王国 前652年–前625年 阿契美尼德王朝 前550年－前330年 塞琉古帝國 前330年－前150年 希腊-巴克特里亚王国 前250年－前125年 帕提亞帝國 前224年－公元248年 公元后 貴霜帝國 30–275年 薩珊王朝 224–651年 阿夫里格王朝 305–995年 嚈噠帝國 425–557年 喀布爾-夏希王朝 565–879年 达不义德王朝 （ 英语 ： Dabu
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Gabbro

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Clash Royale CLAN TAG #URR8PPP A coarse-grained mafic intrusive rock Gabbro Photomicrograph of a thin section of gabbro Gabbro ( / ˈ ɡ æ b r oʊ / ) is a phaneritic (coarse-grained), mafic intrusive igneous rock formed from the slow cooling of magnesium-rich and iron-rich magma into a holocrystalline mass deep beneath the Earth's surface. Slow-cooling, coarse-grained gabbro is chemically equivalent to rapid-cooling, fine-grained basalt. Much of the Earth's oceanic crust is made of gabbro, formed at mid-ocean ridges. Gabbro is also found as plutons associated with continental volcanism. Due to its variant nature, the term "gabbro" may be applied loosely to a wide range of intrusive rocks, many of which are merely "gabbroic". Contents 1 Etymology 2 Petrology 3 Distribution 4 Uses 5 See also 6 References 7 External links Etymology The term "gabbro" was used in the 1760s to name a set of rock types that were found in the ophiolites of the Apenn
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托萊多 (西班牙)

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Clash Royale CLAN TAG #URR8PPP body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output table.infobox captiontext-align:center 托萊多 城市 Toledo 托莱多的夕照景色——左邊的托莱多城堡和右邊的托莱多主教座堂在天際線中顯眼 旗幟 徽章 托萊多 坐标： 39°51′24″N 4°1′28″W  /  39.85667°N 4.02444°W  / 39.85667; -4.02444 坐标： 39°51′24″N 4°1′28″W  /  39.85667°N 4.02444°W  / 39.85667; -4.02444 國家   西班牙 西班牙 自治區   卡斯蒂利亚-拉曼恰 省 托萊多省 地区 托萊多 司法辖区 托萊多 聚居 約前7世紀 政府  • 市长 Emiliano García-Page Sánchez （PSOE） 面积  • 陸地 232.1 平方公里（89.6 平方英里） 海拔 529 米（1,736 英尺） 人口 （2015年）INE  • 總計 83,226  • 密度 35,904/平方公里（92,990/平方英里） 邮编 45001-45009 電話區號 +34 網站 http://www.ayto-toledo.org/ 托莱多 （西班牙語： Toledo ， 西班牙語： [toˈleðo] ），又稱 杜麗多 ，是西班牙中部的一个自治市，位于马德里西南约70公里。托莱多是托莱多省的首府，也是其所在的卡斯蒂利亚-拉曼恰自治区的首府。该市2017年人口83,741人 [1] 。 托莱多始於羅馬時期，在腓力二世前為卡斯蒂利亞王國（後西班牙王國）首都。它因其保存完好的基督教、伊斯兰教和犹太教建筑而在1986年被评为世界文化遺產，有哥德式、摩爾式、巴洛克式和新古典式各類教堂、寺院、修道院、王宮、城牆、博物館等古建築70多處。 目录 1 纹章 2 歷史事件 3 地理 4 气候 5 著名景点 6 友好城市 7 著名人物 8 图集 9 参考文献 10 外部連結 纹章 托莱多纹章 托莱多的纹章据称是由查理五世授予的。纹章由带着盾徽的黑色的帝国双头鹰组成。盾徽是卡斯蒂利亚-莱昂的纹章，下面有石榴图案。盾徽被金羊毛勋章垂饰所环绕。双头
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