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Showing posts from January 16, 2019

萧斡里剌

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Clash Royale CLAN TAG #URR8PPP 萧斡里剌 为西辽大臣,一说他即中伊斯兰史家记载的 额儿布思 (Erbuz)。其有子萧朵鲁不、萧朴古只沙里。 萧斡里剌是耶律大石的亲信,辽天祚帝时曾任六院司大王。保大四年(1124年)跟随耶律大石脱离天祚帝,后西迁至叶密立时推耶律大石为帝,建立西辽政权,他是耶律大石所封四十九功臣之首。康国元年(1134年)萧斡里剌受任为兵马都元帅,率军东征。后又随皇帝耶律大石西征,在卡特万之战中大败塞尔柱首领桑贾尔苏丹,并乘胜入侵花剌子模,使其臣服。 耶律大石去世后萧斡里剌又相继辅佐感天皇后萧塔不烟、仁宗耶律夷列、承天太后耶律普速完。其子萧朵鲁不娶耶律普速完为妻,后普速完与其次子萧朴古只沙里私通而杀朵鲁不。萧斡里剌为长子复仇,于崇福十四年(1177年)率兵射杀普速完与朴古只沙里,并扶耶律夷列次子耶律直鲁古为帝,是为五朝元老。享年九十余岁。 [1] [2] 参考文献 ^ 高文德 (编). 《中国少数民族史大辞典》. 吉林教育出版社. 1995.   ^ 刘维新 (编). 《新疆民族辞典》. 新疆人民出版社. 1995.  

Government of Portugal

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Clash Royale CLAN TAG #URR8PPP Government of Portugal Portuguese: Governo de Portugal Logo of the Government of Portugal Overview Established 24 September 1834 ; 184 years ago  ( 1834-09-24 ) State Portuguese Republic Leader Prime Minister Appointed by President of the Republic Main organ Council of Ministers Ministries 17 Responsible to Assembly of the Republic Headquarters Prime Minister's Official Residence Lisbon Website portugal.gov.pt Portugal This article is part of a series on the politics and government of Portugal Constitution Executive President (list) Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa Prime Minister (list) António Costa Cabinet Legislature Assembly of the Republic President: Eduardo Ferro Rodrigues Judiciary Constitutional Court Supreme Court of Justice Court of Auditors Supreme Administrative Court Elections Recent elections Presidential: 2011 2016 2021 Legislative: 2011 2015 2019 Local: 2009 2013 2017 European: 2009 2014 2019 Political parties Politicians Administrative divisi

António Ramalho Eanes

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Clash Royale CLAN TAG #URR8PPP This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations . Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. ( October 2012 ) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) This name uses Portuguese naming customs. The first or maternal family name is Ramalho and the second or paternal family name is Eanes . His Excellency António Ramalho Eanes GColL GCL GColTE CavA 16th President of Portugal In office 14 July 1976 – 9 March 1986 Prime Minister José Pinheiro de Azevedo Mário Soares Alfredo Nobre da Costa Carlos Mota Pinto Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo Francisco Sá Carneiro Francisco Pinto Balsemão Aníbal Cavaco Silva Preceded by Francisco da Costa Gomes Succeeded by Mário Soares President of the Revolutionary Council In office 14 July 1976 – 30 September 1982 Preceded by Francisco da Costa Gomes Succeeded by Position abolished Chief of

契丹人

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Clash Royale CLAN TAG #URR8PPP   本文介紹的是契丹民族。關於契丹族所建立的契丹國,請見「 辽朝 」。 契丹人 ,古代游牧民族,居住在今蒙古国及中国东北地區,採取半農半牧生活,語言屬於阿爾泰語系蒙古語族,但受到通古斯語族的強烈影響。而目前居住中國東北的達斡爾族可認定為契丹人直系後裔。 古契丹有八部:悉萬丹部、何大何部、伏弗鬱部、羽陵部、日連部、匹絜部、黎部、吐六於部。涅里是遼的始祖。契丹人有三年選一次夷里堇的習慣,早期夷里堇都在大贺氏家族中产生,中期在遥辇氏中产生,最后由契丹迭剌部耶律氏族的夷里堇耶律阿保机破坏了传统的贵族选举制度,仿效汉人,建立起世袭的中央集权专制的契丹。 [1] 据遼朝大臣耶律儼《皇朝實錄》所稱契丹為黃帝之後。《遼史·太祖紀贊》和《世表序》主張契丹為炎帝之後。近年在雲南發現的契丹遺裔,保存有一部修於明代的《施甸長官司族譜》,卷首附一首七言詩,詩曰:“遼之先祖始炎帝……”。這些契丹人認可契丹為炎帝苗裔的說法。回紇人亡國時,大批回紇人逃入契丹,因此有契丹半回紇的說法,有些回紇人溶入契丹人的蕭氏,遼太祖耶律阿保機的皇后述律平就是回紇人,耶律德光后將述律氏賜姓蕭氏,蕭氏後來融入女真,改為舒穆祿氏,遼朝滅亡后,多融入汉族、蒙古族與滿族。 《辽史·后妃传》记载:“太祖慕汉高皇帝,故耶律氏兼称刘氏;以乙室、拔里比萧相国,遂为萧氏”。《辽史·国语解》记载:“耶律和萧两个姓,以汉字书者曰耶律、萧,以契丹字书者曰移刺、石抹”。《金史·国语解》记载:“移喇曰刘,石抹曰萧”。 目录 1 词源 2 民族起源 3 民族文化 4 後裔 5 契丹作為中國的別稱 6 松漠都督府都督 7 辽朝(契丹)君主列表 8 参考文献 9 研究書目 10 參見 词源 遼代胡瓌所繪《卓歇图》(局部),敘述契丹族的可汗、阏氏和他部下於出猎后圍地饮宴的情况。 遼代胡瓌所繪《卓歇图》(局部)。 遼代胡瓌描繪的契丹人《出獵圖》。 “契丹”一词最早见于《魏书·契丹传》,但對於契丹這個名稱的來源,學者還未達成一致意見。趙振績在《契丹源流考》中認為,契丹之名起源於鮮卑,為居於鮮卑之人的意思。 《金史·太祖本纪》记载“契丹”是镔铁之意,日本人白鸟库吉认为“契丹”与通古斯语族和蒙古语族中的“小刀”( K'-ɔtɔ , gɔtɔgɔ )一词类似,“契丹”