86th United States Congress

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86th United States Congress


85th ←

→ 87th


USCapitol1956.jpg

United States Capitol (1956)

January 3, 1959 (1959-01-03) – January 3, 1961 (1961-01-03)
Senate President
Richard Nixon (R)
Senate Pres. pro tem
Carl Hayden (D)
House Speaker
Sam Rayburn (D)
Members96 (then increasing to 100) senators
435 (then temporarily increasing to 437)
representatives
Senate MajorityDemocratic
House MajorityDemocratic
Sessions

1st: January 7, 1959 – September 15, 1959
2nd: January 6, 1960 – September 1, 1960

The Eighty-sixth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 1959, to January 3, 1961, during the last two years of the presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Seventeenth Census of the United States in 1950. Both chambers had a Democratic majority. When Alaska and Hawaii were admitted as states in 1959, the membership of the House temporarily increased to 437 (seating one member from each of those newly admitted states and leaving the apportionment of the other 435 seats unchanged); it would remain at 437 until reapportionment resulting from the 1960 census.





Contents





  • 1 Major events


  • 2 Major legislation


  • 3 Constitutional amendments


  • 4 Treaties


  • 5 States admitted


  • 6 Party summaries

    • 6.1 Senate


    • 6.2 House of Representatives



  • 7 Leadership

    • 7.1 Senate

      • 7.1.1 Majority (Democratic) leadership


      • 7.1.2 Minority (Republican) leadership



    • 7.2 House of Representatives

      • 7.2.1 Majority (Democratic) leadership


      • 7.2.2 Minority (Republican) leadership




  • 8 Caucuses


  • 9 Members

    • 9.1 Senate

      • 9.1.1 Alabama


      • 9.1.2 Alaska


      • 9.1.3 Arizona


      • 9.1.4 Arkansas


      • 9.1.5 California


      • 9.1.6 Colorado


      • 9.1.7 Connecticut


      • 9.1.8 Delaware


      • 9.1.9 Florida


      • 9.1.10 Georgia


      • 9.1.11 Hawaii


      • 9.1.12 Idaho


      • 9.1.13 Illinois


      • 9.1.14 Indiana


      • 9.1.15 Iowa


      • 9.1.16 Kansas


      • 9.1.17 Kentucky


      • 9.1.18 Louisiana


      • 9.1.19 Maine


      • 9.1.20 Maryland


      • 9.1.21 Massachusetts


      • 9.1.22 Michigan


      • 9.1.23 Minnesota


      • 9.1.24 Mississippi


      • 9.1.25 Missouri


      • 9.1.26 Montana


      • 9.1.27 Nebraska


      • 9.1.28 Nevada


      • 9.1.29 New Hampshire


      • 9.1.30 New Jersey


      • 9.1.31 New Mexico


      • 9.1.32 New York


      • 9.1.33 North Carolina


      • 9.1.34 North Dakota


      • 9.1.35 Ohio


      • 9.1.36 Oklahoma


      • 9.1.37 Oregon


      • 9.1.38 Pennsylvania


      • 9.1.39 Rhode Island


      • 9.1.40 South Carolina


      • 9.1.41 South Dakota


      • 9.1.42 Tennessee


      • 9.1.43 Texas


      • 9.1.44 Utah


      • 9.1.45 Vermont


      • 9.1.46 Virginia


      • 9.1.47 Washington


      • 9.1.48 West Virginia


      • 9.1.49 Wisconsin


      • 9.1.50 Wyoming



    • 9.2 House of Representatives

      • 9.2.1 Alabama


      • 9.2.2 Alaska


      • 9.2.3 Arizona


      • 9.2.4 Arkansas


      • 9.2.5 California


      • 9.2.6 Colorado


      • 9.2.7 Connecticut


      • 9.2.8 Delaware


      • 9.2.9 Florida


      • 9.2.10 Georgia


      • 9.2.11 Hawaii


      • 9.2.12 Idaho


      • 9.2.13 Illinois


      • 9.2.14 Indiana


      • 9.2.15 Iowa


      • 9.2.16 Kansas


      • 9.2.17 Kentucky


      • 9.2.18 Louisiana


      • 9.2.19 Maine


      • 9.2.20 Maryland


      • 9.2.21 Massachusetts


      • 9.2.22 Michigan


      • 9.2.23 Minnesota


      • 9.2.24 Mississippi


      • 9.2.25 Missouri


      • 9.2.26 Montana


      • 9.2.27 Nebraska


      • 9.2.28 Nevada


      • 9.2.29 New Hampshire


      • 9.2.30 New Jersey


      • 9.2.31 New Mexico


      • 9.2.32 New York


      • 9.2.33 North Carolina


      • 9.2.34 North Dakota


      • 9.2.35 Ohio


      • 9.2.36 Oklahoma


      • 9.2.37 Oregon


      • 9.2.38 Pennsylvania


      • 9.2.39 Rhode Island


      • 9.2.40 South Carolina


      • 9.2.41 South Dakota


      • 9.2.42 Tennessee


      • 9.2.43 Texas


      • 9.2.44 Utah


      • 9.2.45 Vermont


      • 9.2.46 Virginia


      • 9.2.47 Washington


      • 9.2.48 West Virginia


      • 9.2.49 Wisconsin


      • 9.2.50 Wyoming


      • 9.2.51 Non-voting members




  • 10 Changes in membership

    • 10.1 Senate


    • 10.2 House of Representatives



  • 11 Committees

    • 11.1 Senate


    • 11.2 House of Representatives


    • 11.3 Joint committees



  • 12 Employees and legislative agency directors

    • 12.1 Legislative branch agency directors


    • 12.2 Senate


    • 12.3 House of Representatives



  • 13 See also


  • 14 References




Major events



  • January 7, 1959: The United States recognizes the new Cuban government of Fidel Castro

  • February 12, 1959: In commemorations of the 150th anniversary of Abraham Lincoln's birth, Congress met in joint session to hear actor Fredric March give a dramatic reading of the Gettysburg Address, followed with an address by writer Carl Sandburg[1]

  • February 1, 1960: Greensboro sit-ins begin

  • May 1, 1960: U-2 incident

  • June 29, 1960: King Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand addresses a Joint Meeting of Congress

  • November 8, 1960: United States presidential election, 1960: John F. Kennedy elected


Major legislation



  • 1959: Airport Construction Act, Pub.L. 86–72

  • September 14, 1959: Landrum–Griffin Act, Pub.L. 86–257, 73 Stat. 519

  • April 22, 1960: Narcotics Manufacturing Act of 1960, Pub.L. 86–429, 74 Stat. 55

  • May 6, 1960: Civil Rights Act of 1960, Pub.L. 86–449, 74 Stat. 86

  • June 12, 1960: Multiple-Use Sustained-Yield Act of 1960, Pub.L. 86–517, 74 Stat. 215

  • July 14, 1960: Flood Control Act of 1960, Pub.L. 86–845, 74 Stat. 488

  • September 13, 1960: Social Security Amendments (Kerr-Mill aid), Pub.L. 86–778, 74 Stat. 976


Constitutional amendments




The official Joint Resolution of Congress proposing what became the 23rd Amendment as contained in the National Archives


  • June 16, 1960: Approved an amendment to the United States Constitution extending the right to vote in the presidential election to citizens residing in the District of Columbia by granting the District electors in the Electoral College, as if it were a state, and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification
    • Amendment was later ratified on March 29, 1961, becoming the Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution


Treaties





Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan


  • December 1, 1959: Antarctic Treaty signed

  • January 19, 1960: Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan signed


States admitted


  • August 21, 1959: Hawaii was admitted as the 50th state.


Party summaries



Senate















































Party
(shading shows control)
Total
Vacant

Democratic
(D)

Republican
(R)
End of the previous congress

50

45
95
1

Begin

64

34

98
0
End 66 100
Final voting share 7001660000000000000♠66.0% 7001340000000000000♠34.0%
Beginning of the next congress

65

35
100
0


House of Representatives



  • Democratic: 283 (majority)


  • Republican: 153


  • Independent: 1

TOTAL members: 437. The increase over the usual 435 members was due to the admission of Alaska and Hawaii, whose seats were temporary until reapportionment following the 1960 Census.



Leadership


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Congressional Leaders


Richard Nixon

Senate President
Richard Nixon (R)



Carl Hayden

Senate President pro tempore
Carl Hayden



Sam Rayburn

House Speaker
Sam Rayburn





Senate



  • President of the Senate: Richard Nixon (R)


  • President pro tempore: Carl Hayden (D)


Majority (Democratic) leadership



  • Majority Leader: Lyndon B. Johnson


  • Majority Whip: Mike Mansfield


  • Caucus Secretary: Thomas C. Hennings Jr., until September 13, 1960

    • George Smathers, afterwards


Minority (Republican) leadership



  • Minority Leader: Everett Dirksen


  • Minority Whip: Thomas Kuchel


  • Republican Conference Chairman: Leverett Saltonstall


  • Republican Conference Secretary: Milton Young


  • National Senatorial Committee Chair: Andrew Frank Schoeppel


  • Policy Committee Chairman: Styles Bridges


House of Representatives



  • Speaker: Sam Rayburn (D)


Majority (Democratic) leadership



  • Majority Leader: John William McCormack


  • Majority Whip: Carl Albert


  • Democratic Caucus Chairman: Charles Melvin Price


  • Caucus Secretary: Leonor Sullivan


  • Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Michael J. Kirwan


Minority (Republican) leadership



  • Minority Leader: Charles A. Halleck


  • Minority Whip: Leslie C. Arends


  • Conference Chair: Charles B. Hoeven


  • Policy Committee Chairman: John W. Byrnes


Caucuses


  • House Democratic Caucus

  • Senate Democratic Caucus


Members



Senate


Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1960; Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1962; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1964.










House of Representatives


The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.










Changes in membership



Senate













































State
(class)
Vacator
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's
formal installation

Hawaii
(1)
New seats
Hawaii achieved statehood August 21, 1959.

Hiram Fong (R)
August 21, 1959

Hawaii
(3)

Oren E. Long (D)

North Dakota
(1)

William Langer (R)
Died November 8, 1959.

Clarence N. Brunsdale (R)
November 19, 1959

Oregon
(2)

Richard L. Neuberger (D)
Died March 9, 1960

Hall S. Lusk (D)
March 16, 1960

North Dakota
(1)

Clarence N. Brunsdale (R)
Successor elected June 28, 1960.
Successor qualified August 8, 1960.

Quentin N. Burdick (D)
August 8, 1960

Missouri
(3)

Thomas C. Hennings, Jr. (D)
Died September 13, 1960

Edward V. Long (D)
September 23, 1960

Oregon
(2)

Hall S. Lusk (D)
Successor elected November 8, 1960

Maurine Brown Neuberger (D)
November 9, 1960

Massachusetts
(1)

John F. Kennedy (D)
Resigned December 22, 1960, after being elected President of the United States

Benjamin A. Smith II (D)
December 27, 1960


House of Representatives




























































































District
Vacator
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's
formal installation

Missouri 4th

George H. Christopher (D)
Died January 23, 1959

William J. Randall (D)
March 3, 1959

New York 43rd

Daniel A. Reed (R)
Died February 19, 1959

Charles Goodell (R)
May 26, 1959

Ohio 6th

James G. Polk (D)
Died April 28, 1959

Ward Miller (R)
November 8, 1960

Hawaii Territory At-large

John A. Burns (D)
Hawaii achieved statehood.
Seat eliminated August 21, 1959

Hawaii At-large
New seat
Hawaii achieved statehood August 21, 1959

Daniel Inouye (D)
August 21, 1959

Illinois 12th

Charles A. Boyle (D)
Died November 4, 1959
Vacant
Not filled this term

Iowa 4th

Steven V. Carter (D)
Died November 4, 1959

John H. Kyl (R)
December 15, 1959

Pennsylvania 17th

Alvin Bush (R)
Died November 5, 1959

Herman T. Schneebeli (R)
April 26, 1960

New York 23rd

Isidore Dollinger (D)
Resigned December 31, 1959

Jacob H. Gilbert (D)
March 8, 1960

Pennsylvania 18th

Richard M. Simpson (R)
Died January 7, 1960

Douglas H. Elliott (R)
April 26, 1960

North Carolina 12th

David M. Hall (D)
Died January 29, 1960

Roy A. Taylor (D)
June 25, 1960

Washington 3rd

Russell V. Mack (R)
Died March 28, 1960

Julia Butler Hansen (D)
November 8, 1960

Pennsylvania 18th

Douglas H. Elliott (R)
Died June 19, 1960

J. Irving Whalley (R)
November 8, 1960

North Dakota At-large

Quentin N. Burdick (D)
Resigned August 8, 1960, after becoming U.S. Senator
Vacant
Not filled this term

Massachusetts 5th

Edith Nourse Rogers (R)
Died September 10, 1960
Vacant
Not filled this term

Wyoming At-large

Edwin K. Thomson (R)
Died December 9, 1960
Vacant
Not filled this term

New York 5th

Albert H. Bosch (R)
Resigned December 31, 1960, after being elected judge of Court of Queens County
Vacant
Not filled this term


Committees


Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (2 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.



Senate


  • Aeronautical and Space Sciences

  • Agriculture and Forestry

  • Appropriations

  • Banking and Currency

  • District of Columbia

  • Finance

  • Foreign Relations

  • Government Operations

  • Interior and Insular Affairs

  • Interstate and Foreign Commerce

  • Judiciary


  • Labor-Management Relations (Select)

  • Labor and Public Welfare


  • National Water Resources (Select)


  • Preserve Historical Records of the Senate (Special)

  • Post Office and Civil Service

  • Public Works


  • Small Business (Select)


  • Space and Aeronautics (Special)

  • Subcommittee on Internal Security


  • Unemployment Problems (Special)

  • Whole


House of Representatives


  • Agriculture

  • Appropriations

  • Banking and Currency

  • District of Columbia

  • Education and Labor

  • Foreign Affairs

  • Government Operations

  • House Administration

  • Interior and Insular Affairs


  • Interstate and Foreign Commerce
    • Subcommittee on Legislative Oversight

  • Merchant Marine and Fisheries

  • Post Office and Civil Service

  • Public Works

  • Rules

  • Science and Astronautics


  • Small Business (Select)

  • Standards of Official Conduct

  • Un-American Activities

  • Veterans' Affairs

  • Ways and Means

  • Whole


Joint committees


  • Atomic Energy


  • Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)

  • Construction of a Building for a Museum of History and Technology for the Smithsonian

  • Defense Production

  • Disposition of Executive Papers

  • Economic

  • Immigration and Nationality Policy

  • Legislative Budget

  • The Library

  • Navajo-Hopi Indian Administration

  • Printing

  • Reduction of Nonessential Federal Expenditures

  • Taxation

  • Washington (DC) Metropolitan Problems


Employees and legislative agency directors



Legislative branch agency directors



  • Architect of the Capitol: J. George Stewart


  • Attending Physician of the United States Congress: George Calver


  • Comptroller General of the United States: Joseph Campbell


  • Librarian of Congress: Lawrence Quincy Mumford


  • Public Printer of the United States: Raymond Blattenberger


Senate



  • Chaplain: Frederick Brown Harris, Methodist


  • Parliamentarian: Charles Watkins


  • Secretary: Felton McLellan Johnston


  • Sergeant at Arms: Joseph C. Duke


House of Representatives



  • Clerk: Ralph R. Roberts


  • Doorkeeper: William Mosley "Fishbait" Miller


  • Parliamentarian: Lewis Deschler


  • Postmaster: H. H. Morris


  • Reading Clerks: Joe Bartlett (R) and N/A (D)


  • Sergeant at Arms: Zeake W. Johnson, Jr.


  • Chaplain: Bernard Braskamp - Presbyterian


See also



  • United States elections, 1958 (elections leading to this Congress)
    • United States Senate elections, 1958 and 1959

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1958



  • United States elections, 1960 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
    • United States presidential election, 1960

    • United States Senate elections, 1960

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1960



References




Specific citations




  1. ^ "Nation Honor Lincoln On Sesquicentennial" (PDF). Yonkers Herald-Statesman. Northern Illinois University Libraries. Associated Press. February 11, 1959. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 1, 2013. Retrieved April 25, 2013. Congress gets into the act tomorrow, when a joint session will be held. Carl Sandburg, famed Lincoln biographer, will give and address, and actor Fredric March will read the Gettysburg Address..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em



General references



  • Gould, Lewis L. (2005). The Most Exclusive Club. Cambridge, MA: Perseus Books Group. ISBN 0-465-02778-4.


  • Remini, Robert V. (2006). The House. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, Inc. ISBN 0-06-088434-7.


  • "Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress". U.S. Congress. 2005. Archived from the original on June 1, 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2006.


  • "Congressional History". U.S. House of Representatives. 2006. Archived from the original on June 1, 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2006.


  • "Statistics and Lists". U.S. Senate. 2006. Archived from the original on June 1, 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2006.


  • House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 86th Congress (PDF).


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 86th Congress, 1st Session.


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 86th Congress, 2nd Session.


  • Pocket Congressional Directory for the 86th Congress.







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