83rd United States Congress

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83rd United States Congress


82nd ←

→ 84th


USCapitol1956.jpg
(1956)

January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955
Senate President
Alben W. Barkley (D)
until January 20, 1953
Richard Nixon (R)
from January 20, 1953
Senate Pres. pro tem
Styles Bridges (R)
House Speaker
Joseph William Martin, Jr. (R)
Members96 senators
435 representatives
3 non-voting delegates
Senate MajorityRepublican
House MajorityRepublican
Sessions

1st: January 3, 1953 – August 3, 1953
2nd: January 6, 1954 – December 2, 1954

The Eighty-third United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1953, to January 3, 1955, during the final weeks of the second administration of U.S. President Harry S. Truman and the first two years of the first administration of U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower.[1]


The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Seventeenth Census of the United States in 1950.


Both chambers had a Republican majority.





Contents





  • 1 Major events


  • 2 Major legislation

    • 2.1 Key Votes

      • 2.1.1 Senate


      • 2.1.2 House of Representatives




  • 3 Party summary

    • 3.1 Senate


    • 3.2 House of Representatives



  • 4 Leadership

    • 4.1 Senate

      • 4.1.1 Majority (Republican) leadership


      • 4.1.2 Minority (Democratic) leadership



    • 4.2 House of Representatives

      • 4.2.1 Majority (Republican) leadership


      • 4.2.2 Minority (Democratic) leadership




  • 5 Caucuses


  • 6 Members

    • 6.1 Senate

      • 6.1.1 Alabama


      • 6.1.2 Arizona


      • 6.1.3 Arkansas


      • 6.1.4 California


      • 6.1.5 Colorado


      • 6.1.6 Connecticut


      • 6.1.7 Delaware


      • 6.1.8 Florida


      • 6.1.9 Georgia


      • 6.1.10 Idaho


      • 6.1.11 Illinois


      • 6.1.12 Indiana


      • 6.1.13 Iowa


      • 6.1.14 Kansas


      • 6.1.15 Kentucky


      • 6.1.16 Louisiana


      • 6.1.17 Maine


      • 6.1.18 Maryland


      • 6.1.19 Massachusetts


      • 6.1.20 Michigan


      • 6.1.21 Minnesota


      • 6.1.22 Mississippi


      • 6.1.23 Missouri


      • 6.1.24 Montana


      • 6.1.25 Nebraska


      • 6.1.26 Nevada


      • 6.1.27 New Hampshire


      • 6.1.28 New Jersey


      • 6.1.29 New Mexico


      • 6.1.30 New York


      • 6.1.31 North Carolina


      • 6.1.32 North Dakota


      • 6.1.33 Ohio


      • 6.1.34 Oklahoma


      • 6.1.35 Oregon


      • 6.1.36 Pennsylvania


      • 6.1.37 Rhode Island


      • 6.1.38 South Carolina


      • 6.1.39 South Dakota


      • 6.1.40 Tennessee


      • 6.1.41 Texas


      • 6.1.42 Utah


      • 6.1.43 Vermont


      • 6.1.44 Virginia


      • 6.1.45 Washington


      • 6.1.46 West Virginia


      • 6.1.47 Wisconsin


      • 6.1.48 Wyoming



    • 6.2 House of Representatives

      • 6.2.1 Alabama


      • 6.2.2 Arizona


      • 6.2.3 Arkansas


      • 6.2.4 California


      • 6.2.5 Colorado


      • 6.2.6 Connecticut


      • 6.2.7 Delaware


      • 6.2.8 Florida


      • 6.2.9 Georgia


      • 6.2.10 Idaho


      • 6.2.11 Illinois


      • 6.2.12 Indiana


      • 6.2.13 Iowa


      • 6.2.14 Kansas


      • 6.2.15 Kentucky


      • 6.2.16 Louisiana


      • 6.2.17 Maine


      • 6.2.18 Maryland


      • 6.2.19 Massachusetts


      • 6.2.20 Michigan


      • 6.2.21 Minnesota


      • 6.2.22 Mississippi


      • 6.2.23 Missouri


      • 6.2.24 Montana


      • 6.2.25 Nebraska


      • 6.2.26 Nevada


      • 6.2.27 New Hampshire


      • 6.2.28 New Jersey


      • 6.2.29 New Mexico


      • 6.2.30 New York


      • 6.2.31 North Carolina


      • 6.2.32 North Dakota


      • 6.2.33 Ohio


      • 6.2.34 Oklahoma


      • 6.2.35 Oregon


      • 6.2.36 Pennsylvania


      • 6.2.37 Rhode Island


      • 6.2.38 South Carolina


      • 6.2.39 South Dakota


      • 6.2.40 Tennessee


      • 6.2.41 Texas


      • 6.2.42 Utah


      • 6.2.43 Vermont


      • 6.2.44 Virginia


      • 6.2.45 Washington


      • 6.2.46 West Virginia


      • 6.2.47 Wisconsin


      • 6.2.48 Wyoming


      • 6.2.49 Non-voting members




  • 7 Changes in membership

    • 7.1 Senate


    • 7.2 House of Representatives



  • 8 Committees

    • 8.1 Senate


    • 8.2 House of Representatives


    • 8.3 Joint committees



  • 9 Employees

    • 9.1 Legislative branch agency directors


    • 9.2 Senate


    • 9.3 House of Representatives



  • 10 See also


  • 11 References


  • 12 External links




Major events



  • January 20, 1953: Dwight Eisenhower is sworn in as President of the United States in his first inauguration[2]

  • March 1, 1954: U.S. Capitol shooting incident[3][4]

  • December 2, 1954: Joseph McCarthy is censured by the U.S. Senate[5]


Major legislation




President Eisenhower signs the Atomic Energy Act of 1954.



  • July 3, 1953: Small Business Act, Pub.L. 83–163, ch. 282, 67 Stat. 232

  • August 7, 1953: Refugee Relief Act, Pub.L. 83–203

  • August 7, 1953: Submerged Lands Act, ch. 345, 67 Stat. 462

  • August 14, 1953: Public Law 280, Pub.L. 83–280, 18 U.S.C. § 1162

  • May 13, 1954: Saint Lawrence Seaway Act, ch. 201, 68 Stat. 92

  • August 12, 1954: Federal National Mortgage Association Charter Act, ch. 649, title II, §201, 68 Stat. 612

  • August 13, 1954: Multiple Mineral Development Act, ch. 730, 68 Stat. 708

  • August 16, 1954: Internal Revenue Code of 1954, Pub.L. 83–591, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 3

    • Federal Unemployment Tax Act, §1(d), 68A Stat. 439


    • National Firearms Act, §1(d), 68A Stat. 721


  • August 24, 1954: Communist Control Act of 1954, ch. 886, 68 Stat. 775

  • August 30, 1954: Atomic Energy Act of 1954, 68 Stat. 919

  • 1954: Agricultural Act of 1954

  • 1954: Water Facilities Act of 1954


Key Votes



Senate







































LegislationPartyYeaNay
Formosa PolicyDemocrats1232
January 28, 1955Republicans142
Rejected1374
China Mutual Defense TreatyDemocrats933
February 9, 1955Republicans127
Rejected1060
Raising Congressional SalariesDemocrats3013
February 23, 1955Republicans3211
Passed6224


House of Representatives


















































LegislationPartyYeaNay
Raising Congressional SalariesDemocrats16659
February 16, 1955Republicans11759
Passed283118
Reciprocal Trade ExtensionDemocrats80140
February 18, 1955Republicans11966
Rejected199206
Reciprocal Trade ExtensionDemocrats18635
February 18, 1955Republicans10975
Passed295110
TaxationDemocrats16205
February 25, 1955Republicans1895
Rejected205210


Party summary



Senate















































Party
(shading shows control)
Total
Vacant

Democratic
(D)

Independent
(I)

Republican
(R)
End of the previous congress

47

0

48
95
1

Begin

47

1

48

96
0
End
Final voting share 7001490000000000000♠49.0% 7000100000000000000♠1.0% 7001500000000000000♠50.0%
Beginning of the next congress

48

1

47
96
0


House of Representatives


221 Republicans, 213 Democrats, 1 Independent


Total Membership: 435 Representatives, 2 Delegates, 1 Resident Commissioner



Leadership



Senate



  • President: Alben W. Barkley (D), until January 20, 1953

    • Richard M. Nixon (R), from January 20, 1953


  • President pro tempore: Styles Bridges (R)


Majority (Republican) leadership



  • Majority Leader: Robert A. Taft, until July 31, 1953 (died)

    • William F. Knowland, from August 3, 1953


  • Majority Whip: Leverett Saltonstall


  • Conference Chairman: Eugene Millikin


Minority (Democratic) leadership



  • Minority Leader and Conference Chairman: Lyndon B. Johnson


  • Minority Whip: Earle C. Clements


House of Representatives



  • Speaker: Joseph W. Martin, Jr. (R)


Majority (Republican) leadership



  • Majority Leader: Charles A. Halleck


  • Majority Whip: Leslie C. Arends


  • Conference Chairman: Clifford R. Hope


Minority (Democratic) leadership



  • Minority Leader: Sam Rayburn


  • Minority Whip: John William McCormack


  • Caucus Chairman: Wilbur Mills


Caucuses


  • House Democratic Caucus

  • Senate Democratic Caucus


Members



Senate


Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Within each state, senators are listed in order of seniority. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1954; Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1956; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1958.









House of Representatives










Changes in membership


The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.



Senate


































































































State
(class)
Vacator
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's
formal installation

North Carolina
(2)

Willis Smith (D)
Died June 26, 1953.
Successor appointed July 10, 1953.

Alton Lennon (D)
July 10, 1953

New Hampshire
(3)

Charles W. Tobey (R)
Died July 24, 1953.
Successor appointed August 14, 1953.

Robert W. Upton (R)
August 14, 1953

Ohio
(3)

Robert A. Taft (R)
Died July 31, 1953.
Successor appointed November 10, 1953.

Thomas A. Burke (D)
November 10, 1953

Nebraska
(2)

Dwight Griswold (R)
Died April 12, 1954.
Successor appointed April 16, 1954.

Eva Bowring (R)
April 16, 1954

North Carolina
(3)

Clyde R. Hoey (D)
Died May 12, 1954.
Successor appointed May 12, 1954 and then elected November 2, 1954.

Sam Ervin (D)
June 5, 1954

Wyoming
(2)

Lester C. Hunt (D)
Died June 19, 1954.
Successor appointed June 24, 1954.

Edward D. Crippa (R)
June 24, 1954

Nebraska
(1)

Hugh A. Butler (R)
Died July 1, 1954.
Successor appointed July 3, 1954.

Samuel W. Reynolds (R)
July 3, 1954

South Carolina
(2)

Burnet R. Maybank (D)
Died September 1, 1954.
Successor appointed September 6, 1954.

Charles E. Daniel (D)
September 6, 1954

Nevada
(3)

Pat McCarran (D)
Died September 28, 1954.
Successor appointed October 1, 1954.

Ernest S. Brown (R)
October 1, 1954

Nebraska
(1)

Samuel W. Reynolds (R)
Did not run in the special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.

Roman Hruska (R)
November 8, 1954

Nebraska
(2)

Eva Bowring (R)
Did not run in the special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.

Hazel Abel (R)
November 8, 1954

New Hampshire
(3)

Robert W. Upton (R)
Lost special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.

Norris Cotton (R)
November 8, 1954

North Carolina
(2)

Alton Lennon (D)
Lost special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.

W. Kerr Scott (D)
November 29, 1954

Wyoming
(2)

Edward D. Crippa (R)
Did not run in the special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.

Joseph C. O'Mahoney (D)
November 29, 1954

Nevada
(3)

Ernest S. Brown (R)
Lost special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.

Alan Bible (D)
December 2, 1954

Ohio
(3)

Thomas A. Burke (D)
Lost special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.

George H. Bender (R)
December 16, 1954

South Carolina
(2)

Charles E. Daniel (D)
Resigned December 23, 1954.
Successor appointed December 24, 1954.

Strom Thurmond (D)
December 24, 1954

Nebraska
(2)

Hazel Abel (R)
Resigned December 31, 1954.
Successor was appointed January 1, 1955.

Carl Curtis (R)
January 1, 1955


House of Representatives







































































































District
Vacator
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's
formal installation

Georgia 2nd
Vacant
Rep. Edward E. Cox died during previous congress

J. L. Pilcher (D)
February 4, 1953

Illinois 7th
Vacant
Rep. Adolph J. Sabath died during previous congress

James Bowler (D)
July 7, 1953

Virginia 5th

Thomas B. Stanley (D)
resigned February 3, 1953, to run for Governor of Virginia

William M. Tuck (D)
April 14, 1953

South Carolina 4th

Joseph R. Bryson (D)
Died March 10, 1953

Robert T. Ashmore (D)
June 2, 1953

Kentucky 2nd

Garrett L. Withers (D)
Died April 30, 1953

William H. Natcher (D)
August 1, 1953

Wisconsin 9th

Merlin Hull (R)
Died May 17, 1953

Lester Johnson (D)
October 13, 1953

California 24th

Norris Poulson (R)
Resigned June 11, 1953, after being elected Mayor of Los Angeles

Glenard P. Lipscomb (R)
November 10, 1953

New Jersey 6th

Clifford P. Case (R)
Resigned August 16, 1953

Harrison A. Williams (D)
November 3, 1953

Hawaii Territory At-large

Joseph R. Farrington (R)
Died June 19, 1954

Elizabeth P. Farrington (R)
August 4, 1954

New York 8th

Louis B. Heller (D)
Resigned July 21, 1954, after being appointed judge of the Court of Special Sessions of New York City
Vacant
Not filled this term

Georgia 4th

A. Sidney Camp (D)
Died July 24, 1954

John J. Flynt, Jr. (D)
November 2, 1954

Michigan 3rd

Paul W. Shafer (R)
Died August 17, 1954
Vacant
Not filled this term

Ohio 15th

Robert T. Secrest (D)
Resigned September 26, 1954
Vacant
Not filled this term

New Hampshire 2nd

Norris Cotton (R)
Resigned November 7, 1954, after being elected to the U.S. Senate
Vacant
Not filled this term

Nebraska 2nd

Roman Hruska (R)
Resigned November 8, 1954, after being elected to the U.S. Senate
Vacant
Not filled this term

Florida 6th

Dwight L. Rogers (D)
Died December 1, 1954
Vacant
Not filled this term

Ohio 15th

George H. Bender (R)
Resigned December 15, 1954, after being elected to the U.S. Senate
Vacant
Not filled this term

Nebraska 1st

Carl Curtis (R)
Resigned December 31, 1954, after being elected to the U.S. Senate
Vacant
Not filled this term

New York 21st

Jacob K. Javits (R)
Resigned December 31, 1954, after being elected New York Attorney General
Vacant
Not filled this term


Committees


Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (2 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.



Senate


  • Agriculture and Forestry

  • Appropriations

  • Banking and Currency


  • Censure Charges against Senator McCarthy (Select)


  • Compensation of Members of Congress (Select)

  • District of Columbia

  • Finance

  • Foreign Relations

  • Government Operations

  • Interior and Insular Affairs

  • Interstate and Foreign Commerce

  • Judiciary

  • Labor and Public Welfare


  • Mail Cover on Senators (Special)

  • Post Office and Civil Service

  • Public Works


  • Small Business (Select)

  • Subcommittee on Internal Security

  • Whole


House of Representatives


  • Agriculture

  • Appropriations

  • Banking and Currency


  • Benefits for Dependents of Armed Services Veterans (Select)

  • Defense Production

  • District of Columbia

  • Education and Labor

  • Foreign Affairs

  • House Administration


  • Investigate the Incorporation of the Baltic States into the U.S.S.R. (Select)

  • Interior and Insular Affairs

  • Government Operations

  • Merchant Marine and Fisheries

  • Post Office and Civil Service

  • Public Works

  • Rules


  • Small Business (Select)

  • Standards of Official Conduct

  • Un-American Activities

  • Veterans' Affairs

  • Ways and Means

  • Whole


Joint committees


  • Atomic Energy


  • Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)

  • Disposition of Executive Papers

  • Economic

  • Immigration and Nationality Policy

  • Legislative Budget

  • The Library

  • Navajo-Hopi Indian Administration

  • Printing

  • Railroad Retirement Legislation

  • Reduction of Nonessential Federal Expenditures

  • Taxation


Employees



Legislative branch agency directors



  • Architect of the Capitol: David Lynn (January 3, 1953 – September 30, 1954); J. George Stewart (September 30, 1954 – January 3, 1955)


  • Attending Physician of the United States Congress: George Calver


  • Comptroller General of the United States: Lindsay C. Warren (until April 30, 1954), Joseph Campbell (starting December 14, 1954)


  • Librarian of Congress: Luther H. Evans (until 1953), Lawrence Quincy Mumford (starting 1954)


  • Public Printer of the United States: John J. Deviny (until 1953), Raymond Blattenberger (starting 1953)


Senate



  • Chaplain: Frederick Brown Harris (Methodist)


  • Parliamentarian: Charles Watkins


  • Secretary: J. Mark Trice


  • Sergeant at Arms: Forest A. Harness


House of Representatives



  • Chaplain: Bernard Braskamp


  • Clerk: Lyle O. Snader


  • Doorkeeper: Tom Kennamer


  • Parliamentarian: Lewis Deschler


  • Postmaster: Beecher Hess


  • Reading Clerks: N/A (R) and N/A (D)


  • Sergeant at Arms: William F. Russell, died July 7, 1953

    • Lyle O. Snader, July 8, 1953 – September 15, 1953


    • William R. Bonnell, from September 15, 1953



See also



  • United States elections, 1952 (elections leading to this Congress)
    • United States presidential election, 1952

    • United States Senate elections, 1952

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1952



  • United States elections, 1954 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
    • United States Senate elections, 1954

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1954



References



  1. ^ "U.S. Senate: Membership Changes of 83rd Congress (1953-55)". www.senate.gov. Retrieved December 10, 2017..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em


  2. ^ "Eisenhower Presidential Library". www.eisenhower.archives.gov. Retrieved December 10, 2017.


  3. ^ "1954 Shooting | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives". history.house.gov. Retrieved December 10, 2017.


  4. ^ Network, The Learning. "March 1, 1954 | Puerto Rican Nationalists Open Fire on House of Representatives". The Learning Network. Retrieved December 10, 2017.


  5. ^ "U.S. Senate: The Censure Case of Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin (1954)". www.senate.gov. Retrieved December 10, 2017.



External links



  • House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 83rd Congress (PDF).


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 83rd Congress, 1st Session.


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 83rd Congress, 2nd Session.


  • Pocket Congressional Directory for the 83rd Congress.







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