47th United States Congress

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47th United States Congress


46th ←

→ 48th


USCapitol1877.jpg

United States Capitol (1877)

March 4, 1881 – March 4, 1883
Senate President
Chester A. Arthur (R)
until September 19, 1881
Vacant
from September 19, 1881
Senate Pres. pro tem
Thomas F. Bayard (D)
David Davis (I)
George F. Edmunds (R)
House Speaker
J. Warren Keifer (R)
Members76 senators
293 representatives
8 non-voting delegates
Senate MajorityDemocratic
House MajorityRepublican
Sessions

Special: March 4, 1881 – May 20, 1881
Special: October 10, 1881 – October 29, 1881
1st: December 5, 1881 – August 8, 1882
2nd: December 4, 1882 – March 3, 1883

The Forty-seventh United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1881, to March 4, 1883, during the first and only year of James Garfield's presidency, and the first two years of his successor, Chester Arthur's tenure. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Ninth Census of the United States in 1870. The House had a Republican majority; the Senate was evenly divided.[1]





Contents





  • 1 Party summary

    • 1.1 Senate


    • 1.2 House of Representatives



  • 2 Leadership

    • 2.1 Senate


    • 2.2 House of Representatives



  • 3 Major events


  • 4 Major legislation


  • 5 Members

    • 5.1 Senate

      • 5.1.1 Alabama


      • 5.1.2 Arkansas


      • 5.1.3 California


      • 5.1.4 Colorado


      • 5.1.5 Connecticut


      • 5.1.6 Delaware


      • 5.1.7 Florida


      • 5.1.8 Georgia


      • 5.1.9 Illinois


      • 5.1.10 Indiana


      • 5.1.11 Iowa


      • 5.1.12 Kansas


      • 5.1.13 Kentucky


      • 5.1.14 Louisiana


      • 5.1.15 Maine


      • 5.1.16 Maryland


      • 5.1.17 Massachusetts


      • 5.1.18 Michigan


      • 5.1.19 Minnesota


      • 5.1.20 Mississippi


      • 5.1.21 Missouri


      • 5.1.22 Nebraska


      • 5.1.23 Nevada


      • 5.1.24 New Hampshire


      • 5.1.25 New Jersey


      • 5.1.26 New York


      • 5.1.27 North Carolina


      • 5.1.28 Ohio


      • 5.1.29 Oregon


      • 5.1.30 Pennsylvania


      • 5.1.31 Rhode Island


      • 5.1.32 South Carolina


      • 5.1.33 Tennessee


      • 5.1.34 Texas


      • 5.1.35 Vermont


      • 5.1.36 Virginia


      • 5.1.37 West Virginia


      • 5.1.38 Wisconsin



    • 5.2 House of Representatives

      • 5.2.1 Alabama


      • 5.2.2 Arkansas


      • 5.2.3 California


      • 5.2.4 Colorado


      • 5.2.5 Connecticut


      • 5.2.6 Delaware


      • 5.2.7 Florida


      • 5.2.8 Georgia


      • 5.2.9 Illinois


      • 5.2.10 Indiana


      • 5.2.11 Iowa


      • 5.2.12 Kansas


      • 5.2.13 Kentucky


      • 5.2.14 Louisiana


      • 5.2.15 Maine


      • 5.2.16 Maryland


      • 5.2.17 Massachusetts


      • 5.2.18 Michigan


      • 5.2.19 Minnesota


      • 5.2.20 Mississippi


      • 5.2.21 Missouri


      • 5.2.22 Nebraska


      • 5.2.23 Nevada


      • 5.2.24 New Hampshire


      • 5.2.25 New Jersey


      • 5.2.26 New York


      • 5.2.27 North Carolina


      • 5.2.28 Ohio


      • 5.2.29 Oregon


      • 5.2.30 Pennsylvania


      • 5.2.31 Rhode Island


      • 5.2.32 South Carolina


      • 5.2.33 Tennessee


      • 5.2.34 Texas


      • 5.2.35 Vermont


      • 5.2.36 Virginia


      • 5.2.37 West Virginia


      • 5.2.38 Wisconsin


      • 5.2.39 Non-voting delegates




  • 6 Changes in membership

    • 6.1 Senate


    • 6.2 House of Representatives



  • 7 Committees

    • 7.1 Senate


    • 7.2 House of Representatives


    • 7.3 Joint committees



  • 8 Caucuses


  • 9 Employees

    • 9.1 Senate


    • 9.2 House of Representatives



  • 10 See also


  • 11 References


  • 12 External links




Party summary


The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.



Senate

























































Party
(shading shows control)
Total
Vacant

Democratic
(D)

Readjuster
(RA)

Republican
(R)

Independent
(I)
Other
End of the previous congress

42

0

31

1
(Anti-Monopoly)

1
75
1

Begin

37

1

36

1

0

75
1
End 37 760
Final voting share 7001487000000000000♠48.7% 7000130000000000000♠1.3% 7001487000000000000♠48.7% 7000130000000000000♠1.3% 5000000000000000000♠0.0%
Beginning of the next congress

36

2

38

0

0
76
0


House of Representatives






























































Party
(shading shows control)
Total
Vacant

Democratic
(D)

Independent
Democratic
(ID)

Independent
(I)

National
Greenback
(NG)

Independent
Republican
(IR)

Republican
(R)
End of the previous congress

146

4

1

11

0

129
291
2

Begin

134

1

1

9

0

146

291
2
End 130 1 150 2921
Final voting share 7001445000000000000♠44.5% 6999300000000000000♠0.3% 6999300000000000000♠0.3% 7000310000000000000♠3.1% 6999300000000000000♠0.3% 7001514000000000000♠51.4%
Beginning of the next congress

196

3

6

2

1

117
325
1


Leadership



Senate




President of the Senate
Chester A. Arthur (R)



  • President: Chester A. Arthur (R), until September 19, 1881; vacant thereafter


  • President pro tempore: Thomas F. Bayard (D), October 10, 1881 – October 13, 1881

    • David Davis (I), from October 13, 1881


    • George F. Edmunds (R), from March 3, 1883



  • Democratic Caucus Chairman: George H. Pendleton


  • Republican Conference Chairman: Henry B. Anthony


House of Representatives








House seats by party holding plurality in state


  80+% to 100% Democratic


  80+% to 100% Republican


  60+% to 80% Democratic


  60+% to 80% Republican


  Up to 60% Democratic


  Up to 60% Republican



  • Speaker: J. Warren Keifer (R)


  • Republican Conference Chair: George M. Robeson


Major events



  • March 4, 1881: James A. Garfield became President of the United States

  • September 19, 1881: President Garfield died. Vice President Chester A. Arthur became President of the United States


Major legislation



  • February 25, 1882: Apportionment of the Tenth Census, ch. 20, 22 Stat. 5

  • May 6, 1882: Chinese Exclusion Act, 22 Stat. 58

  • August 2, 1882: Rivers and Harbors Act

  • January 16, 1883: Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, ch. 27, 22 Stat. 403

  • March 3, 1883: Tariff of 1883 (Mongrel Tariff)


Members


This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and Representatives are listed by district.


Skip to House of Representatives, below


Senate


Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election.










House of Representatives


Members' names are preceded by their district numbers.










Changes in membership


The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.



Senate



  • Deaths: 2

  • Resignations: 8

  • Interim appointments: 1

  • Total replacements: 8

    • Democratic: no net change


    • Republican: no net change


  • Total seats with changes: 10





























































State
(class)
Vacator
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's
formal installation

Wisconsin (3)
Vacant
Senator Matthew H. Carpenter died in the previous congress.
Successor elected March 14, 1881.

Angus Cameron (R)
March 14, 1881

Maine (2)

James G. Blaine (R)
Resigned March 5, 1881, to become U.S. Secretary of State.
Successor elected March 18, 1881.

William P. Frye (R)
March 15, 1881

Iowa (2)

Samuel J. Kirkwood (R)
Resigned March 7, 1881, to become U.S. Secretary of the Interior.
Successor appointed March 8, 1881, to continue the term.
Appointee elected January 25, 1882, to finish the term.

James W. McDill (R)
March 8, 1881

Minnesota (2)

William Windom (R)
Resigned March 7, 1881, to become U.S. Secretary of the Treasury.
Successor appointed March 12, 1881, to continue the term.

Alonzo J. Edgerton (R)
March 12, 1881

New York (1)

Thomas C. Platt (R)
Resigned May 16, 1881, as a protest against federal appointments made in New York.
Successor elected October 11, 1881.

Warner Miller (R)
July 27, 1881

New York (3)

Roscoe Conkling (R)
Resigned May 16, 1881, as a protest against federal appointments made in New York.
Successor elected October 11, 1881.

Elbridge G. Lapham (R)
August 2, 1881

Rhode Island (1)

Ambrose Burnside (R)
Died September 13, 1881.
Successor elected October 5, 1881.

Nelson W. Aldrich (R)
October 5, 1881

Minnesota (2)

Alonzo J. Edgerton (R)
Interim appointee replaced by successor elected October 30, 1881.

William Windom (R)
November 15, 1881

Colorado (2)

Henry M. Teller (R)
Resigned April 17, 1882, to become U.S. Secretary of the Interior.
Successor appointed April 17, 1882.

George M. Chilcott (R)
April 17, 1882

Georgia (2)

Benjamin H. Hill (D)
Died August 16, 1882.
Successor elected November 15, 1882.

M. Pope Barrow (D)
November 15, 1882

Colorado (2)

George M. Chilcott (R)
Interim appointee replaced by successor elected January 27, 1883.

Horace Tabor (R)
January 27, 1883


House of Representatives



  • Deaths: 6

  • Resignations: 9

  • Contested elections: 8

  • Total replacements: 14

    • Democratic: 1 seat net gain


    • Republican: 1 seat net loss


  • Total seats with changes: 22

























































































































District
Vacator
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's
formal installation

Michigan 7th
Vacant
Rep. Omar D. Conger resigned during previous congress

John T. Rich (R)
April 5, 1881

New York 9th
Vacant
Rep. Fernando Wood resigned during previous congress

John Hardy (D)
December 5, 1881

Maine 2nd

William P. Frye (R)
Resigned March 17, 1881, after being elected to the US Senate

Nelson Dingley, Jr. (R)
September 12, 1881

New York 11th

Levi P. Morton (R)
Resigned March 21, 1881, after being appointed Minister to France

Roswell P. Flower (D)
November 8, 1881

South Carolina 2nd

Michael P. O'Connor (D)
Died April 26, 1881, during a contested election. Dibble presented credentials to replace him due to his death.

Samuel Dibble (D)
June 9, 1881

New York 22nd

Warner Miller (R)
Resigned July 26, 1881, after being elected to the US Senate

Charles R. Skinner (R)
November 8, 1881

New York 27th

Elbridge G. Lapham (R)
Resigned July 29, 1881, after being elected to the US Senate

James W. Wadsworth (R)
November 8, 1881

Rhode Island 1st

Nelson W. Aldrich (R)
Resigned October 5, 1881, after being elected to the US Senate

Henry J. Spooner (R)
December 5, 1881

Missouri 2nd

Thomas Allen (D)
Died April 8, 1882

James H. McLean (R)
December 15, 1882

Mississippi 6th

James R. Chalmers (D)
Lost contested election April 29, 1882

John R. Lynch (R)
April 29, 1882

South Carolina 2nd

Samuel Dibble (D)
Lost contested election May 31, 1882, during an election originally contested with Michael P. O'Connor. Dibble presented credentials to replace him until Mackey was determined to be the victor under terms of the original election.

Edmund W. M. Mackey (IR)
May 31, 1882

Florida 2nd

Jesse J. Finley (D)
Lost contested election June 1, 1882

Horatio Bisbee, Jr. (R)
June 1, 1882

Alabama 8th

Joseph Wheeler (D)
Lost contested election June 3, 1882

William M. Lowe (GB)
June 3, 1882

Illinois 5th

Robert M. A. Hawk (R)
Died June 29, 1882

Robert R. Hitt (R)
November 7, 1882

South Carolina 5th

George D. Tillman (D)
Lost contested election July 19, 1882

Robert Smalls (R)
July 19, 1882

Alabama 4th

Charles M. Shelley (D)
Election contested by James Q. Smith. Seat declared vacant July 20, 1882. Shelley re-elected to fill seat.

Charles M. Shelley (D)
November 7, 1882

Alabama 8th

William M. Lowe (GB)
Died October 12, 1882

Joseph Wheeler (D)
January 15, 1883

Georgia 8th

Alexander H. Stephens (D)
Resigned November 4, 1882, after being elected Governor of Georgia

Seaborn Reese (D)
December 4, 1882

Ohio 16th

Jonathan T. Updegraff (R)
Died November 30, 1882

Joseph D. Taylor (R)
January 2, 1883

Indiana 9th

Godlove S. Orth (R)
Died December 16, 1882

Charles T. Doxey (R)
January 17, 1883

North Carolina 3rd

John W. Shackelford (D)
Died January 18, 1883
Vacant
Not filled this term

Missouri 3rd

Richard G. Frost (D)
Lost contested election March 2, 1883

Gustavus Sessinghaus (R)
March 2, 1883

Iowa 6th

Marsena E. Cutts (R)
Lost election contest March 3, 1883

John C. Cook (D)
March 3, 1883


Committees


Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (4 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.



Senate



  • Additional Accommodations for the Library of Congress (Select)

  • Agriculture

  • Appropriations

  • Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate


  • Cabinet Officers on the Floor of the Senate (Select)

  • Civil Service and Retrenchment

  • Claims

  • Commerce


  • Distilled Spirit Tax Bill (Select)


  • Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)

  • District of Columbia

  • Education and Labor

  • Engrossed Bills

  • Enrolled Bills


  • Epidemic Diseases (Select)


  • Examine the Several Branches in the Civil Service (Select)

  • Finance

  • Foreign Relations

  • Indian Affairs

  • Judiciary

  • Manufactures

  • Memorial on Services Rendered by Carlisle P. Patterson

  • Military Affairs

  • Mines and Mining


  • Mississippi River and its Tributaries (Select)

  • Naval Affairs


  • Nicaraguan Claims (Select)


  • Ordnance and Gunnery (Select)


  • Ordnance and Projectiles (Select)


  • Ordnance and War Ships (Select)

  • Patents

  • Pensions

  • Post Office and Post Roads


  • Potomac River Front (Select)

  • Private Land Claims

  • Privileges and Elections

  • Public Lands

  • Railroads


  • Revenue Collections in North Carolina (Special)

  • Revision of the Laws

  • Revolutionary Claims

  • Rules


  • Sioux and Crow Indians (Select)


  • Tariff Regulation (Select)


  • Tenth Census (Select)

  • Territories

  • Transportation Routes to the Seaboard

  • Whole


  • Woman Suffrage (Select)


House of Representatives


  • Accounts


  • Alcoholic Liquor Traffic (Select)

  • Agriculture

  • Appropriations

  • Banking and Currency

  • Claims

  • Coinage, Weights and Measures

  • Commerce

  • District of Columbia

  • Education and Labor

  • Elections

  • Enrolled Bills

  • Expenditures in the Interior Department

  • Expenditures in the Justice Department

  • Expenditures in the Navy Department

  • Expenditures in the Post Office Department

  • Expenditures in the State Department

  • Expenditures in the Treasury Department

  • Expenditures in the War Department

  • Expenditures on Public Buildings

  • Foreign Affairs

  • Indian Affairs

  • Invalid Pensions

  • Levees and Improvements of the Mississippi River

  • Manufactures

  • Mileage

  • Military Affairs

  • Militia

  • Mines and Mining

  • Naval Affairs

  • Pacific Railroads

  • Patents

  • Pensions

  • Post Office and Post Roads

  • Public Buildings and Grounds

  • Public Lands

  • Railways and Canals

  • Revision of Laws

  • Rules

  • Standards of Official Conduct

  • Territories

  • War Claims

  • Ways and Means

  • Whole


Joint committees



  • American Shipbuilding (Select)

  • Budget Control


  • Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)

  • State, War and Navy Department Building


Caucuses



  • Democratic (House)


  • Democratic (Senate)


Employees



  • Architect of the Capitol: Edward Clark


  • Librarian of Congress: Ainsworth Rand Spofford


  • Public Printer of the United States: John D. Defrees (until 1882), Sterling P. Rounds (starting 1882)


Senate



  • Secretary: John C. Burch, elected March 24, 1879, died July 28, 1881

    • Francis E. Shober, (Acting), elected October 25, 1881


  • Sergeant at Arms: Richard J. Bright


  • Chaplain: Joseph J. Bullock (Presbyterian)


House of Representatives



  • Clerk: Edward McPherson


  • Sergeant at Arms: George W. Hooker


  • Doorkeeper: Walter P. Brownlow


  • Postmaster: Henry Sherwood


  • Clerk at the Speaker’s Table: J. Guilford White
    • Michael Sullivan


  • Reading Clerks: [Data unknown/missing.]


  • Chaplain: Frederick D. Power (Disciples of Christ)


See also



  • United States elections, 1880 (elections leading to this Congress)
    • United States presidential election, 1880

    • United States Senate elections, 1880

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1880



  • United States elections, 1882 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
    • United States Senate elections, 1882

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1882



References




  1. ^ "The Great Senate Deadlock of 1881" – via United States Senate..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em




  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.


  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.


External links


  • The Great Senate Deadlock of 1881

  • Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress

  • U.S. House of Representatives: House History

  • U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists


  • Congressional Directory for the 47th Congress, 1st Session.


  • Congressional Directory for the 47th Congress, 1st Session (Revision).


  • Congressional Directory for the 47th Congress, 2nd Session.


  • Congressional Directory for the 47th Congress, 2nd Session (Revision).







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