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St Mary's Hospital
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
The Clarence Memorial Wing at St Mary's Hospital
Shown in Westminster
Geography
Location	Paddington, London, England
Coordinates	51°31′2″N 0°10′23″W / 51.51722°N 0.17306°W / 51.51722; -0.17306Coordinates: 51°31′2″N 0°10′23″W / 51.51722°N 0.17306°W / 51.51722; -0.17306
Organisation
Care system	National Health Service
Hospital type	Teaching
Affiliated university	Imperial College London
Services
Emergency department	Yes – Major Trauma Centre
History
Founded	1845; 174 years ago (1845)
Links
Website	www.imperial.nhs.uk/stmarys

St Mary's Hospital is an NHS hospital in Paddington, in the City of Westminster, London, founded in 1845. Since the UK's first academic health science centre was created in 2008, it has been operated by Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, which also operates Charing Cross Hospital, Hammersmith Hospital, Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital and the Western Eye Hospital.^[1]

Until 1988 the hospital ran St Mary's Hospital Medical School, part of the federal University of London. In 1988 it merged with Imperial College London, and then with Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School in 1997 to form Imperial College School of Medicine. In 2007 Imperial College became an independent institution when it withdrew from the University of London.^[2]

History

Development of the hospital

The original block in Norfolk Place

St Mary's Hospital QEQM building (above) and old section (below)

The chapel of St Mary's Hospital

The Messenger, by Allan Sly

St Mary's hospital entrance arch of the older section

The original block of St Mary's Hospital in Norfolk Place was designed by Thomas Hopper in the classical style.^[3] It first opened its doors to patients in 1851, the last of the great voluntary hospitals to be founded.^[4] Among St Mary's founders was the surgeon Isaac Baker Brown, a controversial figure who performed numerous clitoridectomies at the London Surgical Home, his hospital for women, and who "immediately set to work to remove the clitoris whenever he had the opportunity of doing so."^[5] It was at St Mary's Hospital that C.R. Alder Wright first synthesized Diamorphine in 1874.^[6]

The Clarence Memorial Wing, designed by Sir William Emerson and built with its main frontage on Praed Street, opened in 1904.^[7] It was also at the hospital that Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928.^[8] Fleming’s laboratory has been restored and incorporated into a museum about the discovery and his life and work.^{[8][nb 1]}

The private Lindo wing, where there have been royal births and several celebrity births, opened in November 1937;^[10] it was financed by Frank Charles Lindo, a businessman and board-member of the hospital, who made a large donation before his death in 1938.^[11]

Following the publication of the report by Sir William Goodenough in 1944, which advocated a minimum size for teaching hospitals,^[12] and following the formation of the National Health Service in the 1948, several local hospitals became affiliated to St Mary’s Hospital. These included Paddington General Hospital,^[13] the Samaritan Hospital for Women^[14] and the Western Eye Hospital.^[15]

In the 1950s, Felix Eastcott, a consultant surgeon and deputy director of the surgical unit at St Mary's Hospital, carried out some pioneering work on carotid endarterectomy designed to reduce the risk of stroke.^[16] Paddington General Hospital closed and relocated services to the Paddington basin site in November 1986^[13] and, in common with the other London teaching hospitals who lost their independence at that time, the medical school of St Mary's Hospital merged with that of Imperial College London in 1988.^[4]

Notable births

Royal family

• 
  Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster (born 1974) – son of the Duke and Duchess of Gloucester
  


• 
  Lady Davina Lewis (born 1977) – daughter of the Duke and Duchess of Gloucester


• 
  Peter Phillips (born 1977) – son of the Princess Royal and Mark Phillips
  


• 
  Lord Frederick Windsor (born 1979) – son of Prince and Princess Michael of Kent
  


• 
  Lady Rose Gilman (born 1980) – daughter of Duke and Duchess of Gloucester
  


• 
  Zara Phillips (born 1981) – daughter of the Princess Royal and Mark Phillips


• 
  Lady Gabriella Windsor (born 1981) – daughter of Prince and Princess Michael of Kent


• 
  Prince William, Duke of Cambridge (born 1982) – first son of Charles, Prince of Wales and Diana, Princess of Wales and second in line of succession, as of April 2018^[update]


• 
  Princess Theodora of Greece and Denmark (born 1983) – daughter of the King Constantine II of Greece and Anne-Marie of Denmark.


• 
  Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex (born 1984) – second son of Charles, Prince of Wales and Diana, Princess of Wales and third in line of succession until 2013, now sixth in line of succession, as of April 2018^[update]


• 
  Edward Windsor, Lord Downpatrick (born 1988) – son of George Windsor, Earl of St Andrews and Sylvana Windsor, Countess of St Andrews.


• 
  Prince George of Cambridge (born 2013) – first son of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, and Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge and third in line of succession, as of April 2018^[update]


• 
  Princess Charlotte of Cambridge (born 2015) – daughter of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, and Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge and fourth in line of succession, as of April 2018^[update]


• 
  Prince Louis of Cambridge (born 2018) – second son of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, and Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge and fifth in line of succession, as of April 2018^[update]

Other notable births

• 
  Seal (born 1963)  – British musician


• 
  Olivia Robertson (1917–2013) – author, co-founder and High Priestess of the Fellowship of Isis
  


• 
  Elvis Costello (born 1954) – British musician


• 
  Kiefer Sutherland (born 1966) – Canadian actor


• 
  Arthur Wellesley, Marquess of Douro (born 1978) – son of the Duke and Duchess of Wellington
  


• 
  Michael Page (born 1987) – British professional boxer and mixed martial artist^[17]


• 
  Louis Spencer, Viscount Althorp (born 1994) – heir apparent to the Spencer earldom, nephew of Diana, Princess of Wales and first cousin of the Duke of Cambridge and the Duke of Sussex


• 
  Admiral Schofield (born 1997) – American basketball player, currently with the University of Tennessee^[18]

Notable deaths

• 
  Ellen Wilkinson, Labour Party politician, Minister of Education (died 1947, following drug overdose while ill)

Notable staff and alumni

• 
  Arthur Cecil Alport – physician who first identified Alport syndrome in 1927


• 
  Roger Bannister – first man to run a four-minute mile, professor of neurology


• 
  William Broadbent – 19th-century neurologist and cardiologist


• 
  John Scott Burdon-Sanderson – Regius Professor of Medicine at the University of Oxford and Royal Medal winner


• 
  Leonard Colebrook – physician and bacteriologist, MBBS in 1906, who, in 1935, showed Prontosil was effective against haemolytic streptococcus of puerperal fever
  


• 
  Ara Darzi, Baron Darzi of Denham – Health Minister


• 
  Alexander Fleming – awarded the Nobel Prize for discovery of penicillin
  


• 
  Nim Hall – England rugby captain


• 
  John Henry – clinical toxicologist who did crucial work on poisoning and drug overdose
  


• 
  Amanda Herbert – cytopathologist and histopathologist, editor of Cytopathology from 2008 to 2014 and co-editor of Eurocytology.eu
  


• 
  Albert Neuberger – professor of chemical pathology
  


• 
  Tom Oppé – professor of paediatrics


• 
  Tuppy Owen-Smith – international rugby player and cricketer


• 
  William Stanley Peart – professor of medicine, isolated and determined the structure of angiotensin
  


• 
  Arthur Porritt, Baron Porritt – President of the British Medical Association and the Royal College of Surgeons of England and Governor-General of New Zealand
  


• 
  Rodney Robert Porter – awarded the Nobel Prize for research on the chemical structure of antibodies
  


• 
  Bernard Spilsbury – pathologist and one of the pioneers of modern forensic medicine
  


• 
  Joseph Toynbee – otologist
  


• 
  Augustus Waller – whose research led to the invention of the electrocardiogram (ECG)


• 
  J. P. R. Williams – international rugby player


• 
  Almroth Wright – advanced vaccination through the use of autogenous vaccines
  


• 
  Charles Romley Alder Wright – first person to synthesize heroin in 1874


• 
  Wu Lien-teh – later to be the Plague fighter of China

Associations

The nameplate of British Rail class 43 locomotive 43142, St Mary's Hospital Paddington, now on display in the Cambridge Wing of the hospital in London

St Mary's Hospital is located beside London Paddington railway station, the principal station of the Great Western Railway and its successors. In celebration of the association, a British Rail Class 43 locomotive, 43142, was named St Mary's Hospital, Paddington on 4 November 1986. The locomotive is still in service but, following changes of ownership, the name has now been removed. One of the large metal nameplates was acquired by the hospital, and is now displayed in the foyer of the Cambridge Wing.^[19]

Major Trauma Centre

St Mary's Hospital is one of four major trauma centres in London. The other three are: King's College Hospital in Denmark Hill, The Royal London Hospital in Whitechapel, and St George's Hospital in Tooting.^[20]

See also

• List of hospitals in England


• St Mary Abbot's Hospital

References

Explanatory notes

Citations

References

• Special events commemorate ten years of the Faculty of Medicine

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to St Mary's Hospital, London.

• 
  St. Mary's Hospital – Imperial College Healthcare


• 
  Fleming Museum – Imperial College Healthcare