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Malayan Railway
Keretapi Tanah Melayu
كريتاڤي تانه ملايو

Reporting mark	KTM
Locale	Peninsular Malaysia
Dates of operation	1885–
Track gauge	1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in) metre gauge
Length	1,677 km
Headquarters	Kuala Lumpur

A KTM Intercity train stopping at a railway station in Kuala Lipis, Pahang.

Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad (KTM) (Jawi: كريتاڤي تانه ملايو برحد) or Malayan Railways Limited is the main rail operator in Peninsular Malaysia. The railway system dates back to the British colonial era, when it was first built to transport tin. Previously known as the Federated Malay States Railways (FMSR) and the Malayan Railway Administration (MRA), Keretapi Tanah Melayu acquired its current name in 1962.^[1] The organisation was corporatised in 1992, but remains wholly owned by the Malaysian government. Fares are generally reasonable, but the low frequency of the intercity trains does not usually make them competitive with other modes of transportation due to frequent breakdowns.

Railway network

The 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 ³⁄₈ in) gauge railway network in Peninsular Malaysia which is controlled by KTMB consists of two main lines and several branch lines. Most of the lines are made out of ballasted system and locally made concrete sleepers, which had replaced wooden sleepers as early as 1982 for the Kerdau-Jerantut and Sungai Yu-Tumpat lines.

West Coast Line

The West Coast Line runs from Padang Besar railway station close to the Malaysia-Thailand Border in Perlis (where it connects with the State Railway of Thailand) to Woodlands Train Checkpoint in Singapore. It is called the West Coast line because it serves the West Coast states of Peninsular Malaysia. The train runs through most of the major stations in the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia, such as KL Sentral in Kuala Lumpur and Butterworth railway station in Butterworth, Penang.

East Coast Line

The East Coast Line runs between Gemas railway station, in Negeri Sembilan and Tumpat railway station, in Kelantan. Gemas is the rail junction between the West Coast line and the line itself. Like the West Coast Line, it is called the East Coast Line (Malaysia) because it serves two of Peninsular Malaysia's East Coast states, namely Pahang and Kelantan. In fact, it does not run along the coast at all and only meets the South China Sea when it terminates at Tumpat railway station. It runs through the interior, often through deep jungle, thus earning the nickname Jungle Railway. Currently Terengganu is the only state in Peninsular Malaysia not served by the KTM railway network, though it will be so in the upcoming ECRL project.

Branch lines in operation

There are several branch lines running from the two main lines.

Intercity & Freight

• 
  Bukit Mertajam - Butterworth
  

Commuter & Freight

• 
  Port Klang - Kuala Lumpur - Batu Caves (Part of Batu Caves-Port Klang Route)


• 
  Padang Besar - Butterworth (Part of KTM Komuter Northern Sector)


• 
  Kamunting-Butterworth (Part of KTM Komuter Northern Sector)


• 
  Butterworth-Gurun
  

Freight only

• 
  Port Klang - Pulau Indah
  


• 
  Kempas - Tanjung Pelepas
  


• 
  Kempas - Pasir Gudang
  


• 
  Butterworth - North Butterworth Container Terminal

Disused branch lines

• 
  Pasir Mas - Rantau Panjang - Hat Yai (part of the east coast line, the international train service here has been terminated because of certain disputes between the State Railway of Thailand and KTM. The route from Hat Yai to Sungai Golok remains in use by State Railway of Thailand) (Also reused as an emergency route by KTMB for the E&O trains)


• 
  Seremban - Port Dickson (Abandoned and partially dismantled)

Dismantled branch lines

• 
  Falim - Tronoh
  


• 
  Kuang - Batu Arang - Batang Berjuntai
  


• 
  Tampin - Melaka Town
  


• 
  Taiping - Port Weld (Kuala Sepetang)


• 
  Bukit Kuda - Jeram - Kuala Selangor
  


• 
  Bahau - Kuala Pilah
  


• 
  Tapah Road - Teluk Intan - Teluk Intan Wharf
  


• 
  Salak Selatan - Ampang Junction - Sultan Street (Pudu) (closed and permanent way acquired by Ampang Line LRT)


• Ampang Junction - Ampang (closed and permanent way acquired by Ampang Line LRT)


• 
  Woodlands Train Checkpoint - Bukit Timah - Tanjong Pagar (partially dismantled)

Infrastructure

Track and electrification

The total length of the network was 1,699 km, however due to the closure and subsequent removal of the section of tracks between Tanjong Pagar railway station and Woodlands Train Checkpoint, the new total length of the network is 1,677 km.

The West Coast main line is double tracked and electrified to 25 kV AC between Padang Besar railway station on the Malaysian-Thai border and Butterworth railway station, and south-wards to the Gemas railway station. The branch lines between Batu Junction and Batu Caves Komuter station, and between Port Klang Junction and the Port Klang Komuter station are also double-tracked and electrified.

The remainder of the West Coast main line from Gemas railway station to Woodlands Train Checkpoint in Singapore, as well as the entire East Coast Line from Gemas railway station to Tumpat railway station, is on single track and not electrified.

Rolling stock

Following the consolidation of all state railway entities in Malaya, Malayan Railway inherited a fleet of mostly British-made steam locomotives, a variation of locomotives introduced to Malaya since its first railway line went into operation.

Dieselisation in Malaya began immediately after MR's formation with the launch of its first diesel engine, a Class 15 shunter, in 1948. Efforts by MR to fully convert to diesel power between the 1950s and 1970s effectively drove steam locomotives out of service - with whatever left of the fleet massively retired in 1972. KTM drew its diesel rolling stock from a multitude of locomotive companies from England, Japan, Canada, and more recently, India, Germany and China. The company had also ventured in the use of DMUs (railbus, railcars); none of these services survived.

Electric trains were only introduced in 1995 with the launch of the KTM Komuter commuter service. Consisting of three models of 3-car EMUs, the Komuter EMUs, were for a long time the only electric trains in Malaysia. In 2010, introduction of the KTM ETS services from Kuala Lumpur to Ipoh brought electric traction to long distance travel. As of present, most of the West Coast Main Line are run by ETS and on some sections, Komuter services except for the Gemas to Johor Bahru section, where double tracking works are still in the process.

Motive power

The following is a list of locomotives in the KTM fleet - some have since been retired:

• 
  Diesel locomotives
  
  • 20 Class 15 diesel-electric shunters (15101 - 15120), manufactured by English Electric's Vulcan Foundry in Lancashire, England, United Kingdom. Brought in 1948
  
  
  • 15 Class 17 diesel-hydraulic shunters (17101 - 17105), manufactured by Kisha Seizo Kaisha, Japan. Brought in 1964
  
  
  • 10 Class 18 diesel-electric shunters (18101 - 18110), manufactured by Brush HMA, Hull, England, United Kingdom. Brought in 1978
  
  
  • 10 Class 19 diesel-electric shunters (19101 - 19110), manufactured by Hitachi, Japan. Brought in 1983
  
  
  • 26 Class 20 diesel-electric mainline locomotives (20101 - 20126), manufactured by English Electric's Vulcan Foundry in Lancashire, England, United Kingdom. Brought in 1957-1958
  
  
  • 25 Class 21 diesel-hydraulic mainline locomotives, manufactured by Kisha Seizo Kaisha, Japan. Brought in two batches: the first, 21101 - 21115, came in 1965, followed by 21201 - 21210 three years later.
  
  
  • 40 Class 22 diesel-electric mainline locomotives (22101 - 22140), manufactured by a consortium of English Electric, Associated Electrical Industries (A.E.I.), and Metro-Cammell in Saltley, Birmingham, England, United Kingdom. Brought in 1971-1972
  
  
  • 15 Class 23 diesel-electric mainline locomotives (23101 - 23115), manufactured by Hitachi, Japan. Brought in 1983
  
  
  • 26 Class 24 diesel-electric mainline locomotives (24101 - 24126), manufactured by Toshiba - Kawasaki, Japan. Brought in 1987
  
  
  • 17 Class 25 diesel-electric mainline locomotives, model GT18LC-2 manufactured by General Motors in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. They came in two batches: 25101 - 25112 in 1990, and another five, 25201 - 25205 in 2002.
  
  
  • 20 Class 26 diesel-electric mainline locomotives (26101 - 26120), model Blue Tiger manufactured by Adtranz in Germany in association with GE. Brought in 2003 - 2004
  
  
  • 20 Class 29 diesel-electric mainline locomotives (29101 -29120), manufactured by DLoco Locomotive and Rolling Stock Co. of Dalian, China. Brought in 2005 - 2006
  
  
  • 28 YDM4s on lease from Indian Railways, manufactured by Diesel Locomotive Works, Varanasi, India brought into Malaysia in the late 1990s. Leased until 31 December 2015
  
  
  • 5 YDM4 Indian Railways brought into Malaysia in 2009, refurbished by Southern Railway's Golden Rock Railway Workshop, Tiruchirappalli, India.^[2] Leased until 31 December 2015
  
  
  • KTM "Hybrid" trains for KLS-Rawang and Kajang-Rawang.^[3]
  
  


• 
  Electric locomotives
  
  • 2 Class 40 electric mainline locomotives (EL001 @ 40001 - EL002 @ 40002), manufactured by CRRC Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Co.,Ltd.. Brought into Malaysia in 2015 (EL001 arrived on July 2015 and EL002 arrived on September 2015). Leased Locomotives by Industrial Collaboration Programme Agreement (ICP) Offset Project 5 – New Green Technology under the procurement of 10 KTM Class 93 6-car electric train sets. On-going 2-Years trial operational service (EL001 since 31st May 2016 and EL002 since 13th July 2016).


• 
  Electric multiple units
  
  • 18 Class 81 EMUs (numbers EMU 01 - EMU 18) manufactured by Jenbacher Transport in Austria-Hungary (1994/1995)
  
  
  • 22 Class 82 EMUs (numbers EMU 41 - EMU 62) manufactured by Union Carriage and Wagon in South Africa (1996/1997)
  
  
  • 22 Class 83 EMUs (numbers EMU 19 - EMU 40) manufactured by Hyundai (HPID) (1996/1997)
  
  
  • 5 KTM Class 91 (numbers ETS 01 - ETS 05) 6-car electric train sets by Marubeni Corporation. The trains are manufactured by Mitsubishi Electric and Rotem. The first train was delivered on 10 December 2009 and was supposed to be operational in April 2010 but was delayed to operate on 12 August 2010 instead.^[4] It is used to service the Seremban-Kuala Lumpur-Ipoh sector (ETS Line).^[5]
  
  
  • 38 KTM Class 92 (numbers SCS 01 - SCS 38) 6-car EMU manufactured by CSR Zhuzhou for KTM Komuter (2012)
  
  
  • 10 KTM Class 93 6-car electric train sets that are used on the ETS Line (2015) for Ipoh to Padang Besar and Seremban to Gemas
  
  
  • Additional 9 KTM Class 93 from 2018
  
  

Locomotive, ETS, Carriage & Wagon Workshop

• 
  Batu Gajah - Batu Gajah Fleet Main Workshop


• 
  Klang - Klang Fleet Depot (Specially for Class 26 & Class 29)

Locomotive, Carriage & Wagon Running Depot

• 
  Batu Gajah - Batu Gajah Fleet Depot


• 
  Bukit Tengah - Bukit Tengah Fleet Depot


• 
  Padang Besar - Padang Besar Fleet Depot


• 
  Port Klang - Port Klang Fleet Depot


• 
  Gemas - Gemas Fleet Depot


• 
  Kuala Lipis - Gua Musang Fleet Depot


• 
  Tumpat - Tumpat Fleet Depot


• 
  Kempas - Kempas Baru Fleet Depot

Closed/Disused Locomotive, Carriage & Wagon Running Depot

• 
  Gua Musang - Gua Musang Fleet Depot (Relocated to Kuala Lipis)


• 
  Ipoh - Falim Fleet Depot (Relocated to Batu Gajah)


• 
  Tanjong Pagar - Singapore Fleet Depot (Closed since 1 July 2011, relocated to Kempas Baru)


• 
  Prai - Prai Fleet Depot (Relocated to Bukit Tengah)


• 
  Kuala Lumpur - Kuala Lumpur Sentral Fleet Depot

Electrical Train Set Depot

• 
  Batu Gajah - Batu Gajah ETS Depot

Electrical Multiple Unit Depot

• 
  Kuala Lumpur - Sentul EMU Depot


• 
  Rawang - Rawang EMU Depot


• 
  Seremban - Seremban EMU Depot


• 
  Port Klang - Port Klang EMU Depot

Unit / Subsidiaries

KTM Intercity & ETS

KTM ETS Class 91 and KTM Komuter Class 92 at Ipoh station.

KTM Intercity (Malay: KTM Antarabandar) is an intercity passenger railway service operated by Keretapi Tanah Melayu within the regions of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore. The service is intended to carry patrons between stops serving cities, town and village (depending on regions). Its trains are currently powered by diesel locomotives.

KTM Intercity services consist of local trains (known also as "mail trains") and express trains; lines along the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia currently support mostly express trains, while those along the East Coast include both mail train and express train services.

The KTM ETS, commercially known as ETS or Electric Train Service, is the fastest metre gauge train service in Malaysia and worldwide. It currently operates as an inter-city rail service between the cities of Gemas and Padang Besar on the Malaysia-Thai border along the West Coast Line.

KTM Komuter

A KTM Komuter Class 83 at Bank Negara station.

KTM Komuter is an electrified commuter rail service first introduced in 1995, catering especially to commuters in Kuala Lumpur and the surrounding suburban areas. KTMB provides 248 commuter services daily, serving 45 stations along 175 route-kilometres. The network consists of two main sectors are Seremban Line and Port Klang Line running at 15 minutes frequency during peak hours and 20 minutes frequency during off-peak hours. The Tanjung Malim shuttle service & Rembau shuttle service running at Seremban Line both end stations operates at half-hour frequency. Komuter coaches are currently the most modern in the KTM fleet and are air-conditioned. Currently, they have a fleet of Class 81, Class 82, Class 83 & Class 92 in which almost all of the Class 92 are operational while many more of the Class 81, Class 82 & Class 83 has been scrapped, leaving only few to operate as a standby unit during rush hour.

KTM Komuter is a heavily utilised mode of transportation by commuters working in Kuala Lumpur as the service is an alternative for road travel, which is occasionally hampered by congestion. Virtually all KTM Komuter stops offer "Park & Ride" parking lots for those who drive to and from the station or halt. KTM Komuter ridership is estimated to be about 50 million passengers in 2010.

KTM Komuter is currently the most profitable passenger service offered by KTMB, contributing MYR 100 million to group revenue in 2010, higher than KTM Intercity's profit of MYR 70.94 million in the same year.

KTM Kargo

KTMB runs 37 freight train services daily of which about 80% were concentrated in the northern sector. In line with the strategy to focus more on containerised and long-haul cargoes, KTMB now carries maritime containers, cement and food as main commodities. In 2006, the freight revenue increased 5.2% to RM113.0 million.^[6]

KTM Distribution (KTMD)

Its core business is in the provision of express parcel distribution services to the commercial, industrial and administrative sectors and it operates within Malaysia and Singapore. Parcel distribution is carried out through its door-to-door service or from point to point through its station-to-station service. The company is also licensed by the Malaysian Communications & Multimedia Commission as a courier service provider, which enables it to carry letters and documents up to 2 kg. This service has so far been monopoly of the Postal Department. The company owns an 18,000 sq ft (1,700 m²). freehold property in Sri Damansara, from which it earns warehouse rental income.^[7]

Property and advertising

Though considered as non-core businesses, KTMB benefited greatly from Property and Advertising segments in terms of value creation. In 2006, KTMB generated RM22.4 million from property rental and advertising activities.

• Property

The property joint ventures were progressing comparatively well under the prevailing economic climate. As regards the Sentul Raya Development, the Maple Condominium was handed over to purchasers in August 2006 while the Saffron Condominium is under construction and expected to be completed in 2007. Meanwhile, KL Sentral Development has embarked on construction of luxury condominiums, new office towers and life-style centre whilst the construction of the Marine View Hotel in Port Dickson is expected to be completed in 2007. To cater for demand from surrounding residential areas, KTMB's partner for the Prai Perdana Development is in the process of constructing a new retail complex and the project is expected to be completed in 2007.

• Advertising

Through KTMB's collaboration with Ganad Media Sdn. Bhd. the advertising revenue had increased by 9.7% to RM1.47 million compared to the previous year. Several new advertising structures have been built in Klang Valley while more on-train advertising media like panels and hand-grips were made available on top of the increased demand for 'wrap-around' advertising on the commuter trains.

Non-rail Subsidiaries

• Multimodal Freight

Multimodal Freight Sdn. Bhd., incorporated in 1988, was licensed as a Government approved Container Haulier in 1991, and went on to obtain the Government approved Multimodal Transport Operator (MTO) status in 1999. The company operates a fleet of 225 Prime Movers and 1,300 trailer of both 20-feet and 40-feet configurations. The fleet is deployed at all major seaports and the inland ports of Ipoh and Nilai.^[8]

• KTMB Car Park

Formerly known as KTMB (Brickfields Yard) Sdn. Bhd. the company was incorporated in 1994 and was renamed KTMB (Car Park) Sdn. Bhd. in 1995. With over 70 employees, the company operates 16 car parks at selected train stations in Malaysia through its subsidiary KTMB Car Park Sdn Bhd. The subsidiary is looking to expand parking space in Seremban and Sungai Buloh stations.^[9]

Modernisation

More info ABOUT Railway electrification in Malaysia

Since corporatisation of KTMB, a programme of modernisation has been underway. In 1989, it embarked on the double-tracking and electrification of trunk line between Rawang and Seremban and the branch lines between Batu Junction and Sentul, and between Kuala Lumpur and Port Klang which allowed the KTM Komuter service to start running in 1995.^[10] The next major project was the Rawang-Ipoh double tracking and electrification project, which started in 2000, but the project has been repeatedly delayed by contractual disputes and is not expected to be ready before 2007. When complete, KTM expects to introduce frequent intercity service (16 trains/day) running at speeds of up to 160 km/hour.^[11] In 2002, the Malaysian government proposed the ambitious project of electrifying and double-tracking the entire western line and awarded contracts in 2003. The project was however put on hold by Prime Minister Abdullah Badawi until March 2007 when Deputy Prime Minister Mohd Najib Abdul Razak announced the project's revival. In April 2007, the government announced that contracts for certain portions of the project had been awarded. In 2007, work also started to electrify and double-track the stretch of track between Sentul and Batu Caves.

Developments

The following is a list of previous, current and planned railway development and upgrading works in Malaysia.

• Rehabilitation of 327 km-long meter gauge tracks from Paloh to Singapore and from Slim River to the main Seremban line in Malaysia (1988–1994) (US$70 million)


• Double tracking of the Rawang-Seremban route (1990–1994) (US$62 million)


• Double tracking of the Kuala Lumpur-Port Klang railway route, including spur lines to Subang Jaya and Sentul (1991–1994) (US$66 million)


• Widening of railway tunnels near Seremban (1994–1995) (US$4 million)


• Track linking Port Klang to Pulau Indah (1997–1999) (US$4 million)


• Construction of railway bridges, road over bridges and underpasses along the Rawang-Kajang route (1991–1994) (US$6 million)


• Construction of railway bridges, road over bridges and underpasses along the Kajang-Seremban route (1991–1994) (US$16 million)


• Construction of railway culverts and box pushing along the Nilai-Seremban route (1994–1995) (US$4 million)


• Construction of the Port of Tanjung Pelepas, a rail link in Johor (1999–2002) (US$121 million)


• Track works at Kuala Lumpur Sentral station (1999–2001) (RM14.3 million)

Proposed projects

• Outer Ring Railway Service to connect all suburbs in the Klang Valley without going through the city center.^[12]


• Construction of the Subang Jaya - Sungai Buloh Link which will act as a freight bypass to avoid freight trains from having to enter the Kuala Lumpur Komuter network. Works are divided into two phases; Phase 1 is from Subang Jaya - Subang Airport, Phase 2 is from Subang Airport - Sungai Buloh. As of now, Phase 1 had already started.


• A new integrated station named Penang Sentral will be built which will connect KTM Railway, monorail, bus and ferry service in one building at Butterworth.


• Expansion of the ETS fleet with the purchase of 13 DEMU and 9 EMU trainsets to arrive by end 2018 (Class 94)^{[citation needed]}


• Extension of the ETS service to Hatyai by 2021 and Johor Bahru in 2020.

Board of directors

• 
  Chairman: Y.B Dato' Ir Haji Nawawi bin Hj. Ahmad.


• 
  CEO: Y. Brs Encik Mohd Rani Hisham Samsudin.


• 
  Non-independent, non-executive directors: Y. Brs Puan Norazura binti Tadzim, Y.Bhg Datuk Ruhaizah binti Mohamed Rashid, Y. Brs Encik Selvarajoo Manikam.


• 
  Independent non-executive directors: Y. Bhg Dato' Sri Zakaria bin Hj Bahari, Y. Brs Haji Rosli bin Abdullah, Y. Brs Encik Harun bin Hj Johari, Y. Bhg Datuk Haji Kamaruzaman bin Hj Mohd Noor, Y. Bhg Dato' Sr Ahmad Zainuddin bin Hj Jamaluddin.


• 
  Heads of strategic business units (headed by general managers):
  
  • 
    Commuter services: Khair Johari ( Acting GM ).
  
  
  • 
    Intercity and ETS services: Justine Jude.
  
  
  • 
    Freight: Mohd Din ( Acting GM )
  
  

Previous and current logos

• 
  

  

  
  

  
  

  Malayan Railways 1948-1984
  

  
  

  
  


• 
  

  

  
  

  
  

  KTM 1985-1991
  

  
  

  
  


• 
  

  

  
  

  
  

  KTM 1992-present
  

  
  

  
  

See also

• Rail transport in Malaysia


• Sabah State Railway


• Transport in Malaysia

References

External links

• Keretapi Tanah Melayu Official Website


• Keretapi.com - Railway Fan website


• Easybook.com - KTM Train Tickets Agent website


• Ipoh-Padang Besar Electrified Double Tracking Project website