Xrthnty

Sparidae
Diplodus vulgaris
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Perciformes
Superfamily:	Percoidea
Family:	Sparidae Rafinesque, 1810

The Sparidae are a family of fish in the order Perciformes, commonly called sea breams and porgies. The sheepshead, scup, and red seabream are species in this family. Most sparids are deep-bodied compressed fish with a small mouth separated by a broad space from the eye, a single dorsal fin with strong spines and soft rays, a short anal fin, long pointed pectoral fins and rather large firmly attached scales.^[1] They are found in shallow temperate and tropical waters and are bottom-dwelling carnivores.

There are hermaphrodites in the Sparidae. Protogyny and protandry appear sporadically through this lineage of fish.^[2]Simultaneous hermaphrodites and bi-directional hermaphrodites do not appear as much since Sparidae are found in shallower waters.^[2] Species of fish that express a hermaphroditic condition usually "lack a genetic hardwire", therefore ecological factors play a role in sex determination.^[3]

Most species possess grinding, molar-like teeth.^[4] Some of the species, such as Polysteganus undulosus, have been subject to overfishing, or exploitation beyond sustainable recovery.^[5]

Genera

Dentex fourmanoiri

Pagrus auratus

The family Sparidae contains about 155 species in 38 genera:

• 
  Acanthopagrus Peters, 1855
  


• 
  Amamiichthys Tanaka & Iwatsuki, 2015 ^[6]


• 
  Archosargus Gill, 1865
  


• 
  Argyrops Swainson, 1839
  


• 
  Argyrozona Smith, 1938
  


• 
  Boops Cuvier, 1814
  


• 
  Boopsoidea Castelnau, 1861
  


• 
  Calamus Swainson, 1839
  


• 
  Centracanthus Rafinesque, 1810
  


• 
  Cheimerius Smith, 1938
  


• 
  Chrysoblephus Swainson, 1839
  


• 
  Crenidens Valenciennes, 1830
  


• 
  Cymatoceps Smith, 1938
  


• 
  Dentex Cuvier, 1814
  


• 
  Diplodus Rafinesque, 1810
  


• 
  Evynnis Jordan & Thompson, 1912
  


• 
  Gymnocrotaphus Günther, 1859
  


• 
  Lagodon Holbrook, 1855
  


• 
  Lithognathus Swainson, 1839
  


• 
  Oblada Cuvier, 1829
  


• 
  Pachymetopon Günther, 1859
  


• 
  Pagellus Valenciennes, 1830
  


• 
  Pagrus Cuvier, 1816
  


• 
  Parargyrops Tanaka, 1916
  


• 
  Petrus Smith, 1938
  


• 
  Polyamblyodon Norman, 1935
  


• 
  Polysteganus Klunzinger, 1870
  


• 
  Porcostoma Smith, 1938
  


• 
  Pterogymnus Smith, 1938
  


• 
  Rhabdosargus Fowler, 1933
  


• 
  Sarpa Bonaparte, 1831
  


• 
  Sparidentex Munro, 1948
  


• 
  Sparodon Smith, 1938
  


• 
  Sparus Linnaeus, 1758
  


• 
  Spicara Rafinesque, 1810
  


• 
  Spondyliosoma Cantor, 1849
  


• 
  Stenotomus Gill, 1865
  


• 
  Virididentex Poll, 1971
  

Timeline of genera