Deputy prime minister
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A deputy prime minister or vice prime minister is, in some countries, a government minister who can take the position of acting prime minister when the prime minister is temporarily absent. The position is often likened to that of a vice president, but is significantly different even though both positions are "number two" offices. The position of deputy prime minister should not be confused with the Canadian Deputy Minister of the Prime Minister of Canada, a nonpolitical civil servant position. Also, the Deputy Prime Minister of Canada does not act as a "number two".
The states of Australia and provinces of Canada each have the analogous office of deputy premier. In the devolved administrations of the United Kingdom, an analogous position is that of the deputy first minister but the position in Northern Ireland has the same powers as the First Minister.
A deputy prime minister traditionally serves as acting prime minister when the real prime minister is temporarily absent or incapable of exercising his/her power. The deputy prime minister is often asked to succeed to the prime minister's office following the prime minister's sudden death or unexpected resignation, but that is not necessarily mandated by the constitution. This government position is often a job that is held simultaneously with another ministry, and is usually given to one of the most senior or fairly experienced ministers of the cabinet. The holder of this office may also be deputy leader of the governing party, or perhaps even as leader of the junior party of a coalition government.
Little scholarly attention has focused on deputy prime ministers due to their nature as being less involved in the political power plays of government and more focus on the work at hand. A 2009 study in Political Science identified nine 'qualities' of deputy prime ministership: temperament; relationships with their Cabinet and caucus; relationships with their party; popularity with the public; media skills; achievements as deputy prime minister; relationship with the prime minister; leadership ambition; and method of succession.[1]
By contrast, the structure of the Government of Russia [2] and Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine foresees the positions of several deputy prime ministers or vice prime ministers.[3] In the case of the Russian government, the Prime Minister is responsible for defining the scope of the duties for each of his or her deputies,[4] who also may head a specific ministry - e.g. the former Minister of Finance of Russia, Alexey Kudrin also serves as one of the deputies of the prime ministers or vice-premiers. One or two of these deputy prime ministers may hold the title of a First Deputy Prime Minister. The Russian federal law indicates that in accordance with the order established in advance, one of the deputy prime ministers may temporarily substitute for the Prime Minister in his or her absence. Customarily, however, it is to one of the "First" Deputy Prime Ministers that the prime-ministerial duties may be delegated. At the same time, in the case of Prime Minister's resignation, the law allows the President of Russia to choose any of the current vice-premiers to serve as an acting Prime Minister until the confirmation of the new government.[5]
Lists of deputy prime ministers
| Country | Title | Name | Office date | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Africa | |||||
 Mauritius | Deputy Prime Minister of Mauritius Vice Prime Minister of Mauritius | Ivan Collendavelloo (DPM) Showkutally Soodhun (VPM) | 17 December 2014 17 December 2014 | Vice Prime Minister is an honorary title. | |
| North America | |||||
 Bahamas | Deputy Prime Minister of the Bahamas | Peter Turnquest | 11 May 2017 | ||
 Canada | Deputy Prime Minister of Canada | Vacant | 6 February 2006 | position not currently in use (since 2006) | |
| Asia | |||||
 China | First Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China | Han Zheng | 19 March 2018 | ||
 India | Deputy Prime Minister of India | Vacant | 22 May 2004 | position not currently in use (since 2004) | |
 Israel | Designated Acting Prime Minister of Israel Deputy Prime Minister of Israel Vice Prime Minister of Israel | ? | ? | Vice Prime Minister and Deputy Prime Minister are honorary titles. | |
 Japan | Deputy Prime Minister of Japan | Tarō Asō | 26 December 2012 | ||
 Lebanon | Deputy Prime Minister of Lebanon | ? | ? | ||
 Malaysia | Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia | Wan Azizah Wan Ismail | 9 May 2018 | ||
 Pakistan | Deputy Prime Minister of Pakistan | Vacant | 25 June 2012 | ||
 Singapore | Deputy Prime Minister of Singapore | Teo Chee Hean Tharman Shanmugaratnam | 1 April 2009 21 May 2011 | ||
 South Korea | Deputy Prime Minister of South Korea (ko:대한민국의 부총리) | Kim Dong-yeon Kim Sang-gon | 9 June 2017 | ||
 Taiwan | Vice Premier of the Republic of China | Shih Jun-ji | 8 September 2017 | ||
 Thailand | Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand | ? | ? | ||
 Vietnam | Deputy Prime Minister of Vietnam | ? | ? | ||
| Europe | |||||
 Armenia | Deputy Prime Minister of Armenia | Tigran Avinyan Mher Grigoryan | 11 May 2018 | ||
 Albania | Deputy Prime Minister of Albania | Senida Mesi | 11 September 2017 | ||
 Austria | Vice-Chancellor of Austria | Heinz-Christian Strache | 17 May 2017 | ||
 Belgium | Deputy Prime Minister of Belgium | Didier Reynders Kris Peeters Alexander De Croo | 8 December 2018 | ||
 Croatia | Deputy Prime Minister of Croatia | Damir Krstičević Predrag Štromar Marija Pejčinović Burić Tomislav Tolušić | 19 October 2016 9 June 2017 19 June 2017 25 May 2018 | Article 109 of the Constitution mandates that there be at least one Deputy Prime Minister in every cabinet. The position is usually held by senior government ministers or leaders of junior parties in a coalition government. The title First Deputy Prime Minister is occasionally used when the position is occupied either by the chair of a junior coalition party which has significant parliamentary representation, and may be key in maintaining a majority, or by a high-official within the larger party in a coalition (as was the case in the Orešković cabinet). | |
 Finland | Deputy Prime Minister of Finland | Petteri Orpo | 28 June 2017 | ||
 Germany | Vice-Chancellor of Germany | Olaf Scholz | 14 March 2018 | ||
 Greece | Deputy Prime Minister of Greece | Yannis Dragasakis | 23 September 2013 | ||
 Ireland | Tánaiste (Deputy Prime Minister of Ireland) | Simon Coveney | 30 November 2017 | ||
 Italy | Deputy Prime Minister of Italy | Matteo Salvini Luigi Di Maio | 1 June 2018 | ||
 Luxembourg | Deputy Prime Minister of Luxembourg | Etienne Schneider | 4 December 2013 | Traditionally the leader of the second biggest party in a government coalition | |
 Malta | Deputy Prime Minister of Malta | Chris Fearne | 17 July 2017 | ||
 Montenegro | Deputy Prime Minister of Montenegro | Igor Lukšić Duško Marković Rafet Husović Azra Jasavić | 4 December 2012 29 December 2010 4 December 2012 2 June 2016 | ||
 Netherlands | Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands | Hugo de Jonge Kajsa Ollongren Carola Schouten | 26 October 2017 | ||
 Poland | Deputy Prime Minister of Poland | Piotr Gliński Jarosław Gowin Beata Szydło | 16 November 2015 11 December 2017 | ||
 Portugal | Deputy Prime Minister of Portugal | Vacant | ? | position not currently in use (since 2015) | |
 Russia | Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation | Anton Siluanov | 18 May 2018 | ||
 Serbia | Deputy Prime Minister of Serbia | Rasim Ljajić Ivica Dačić Zorana Mihajlović Nebojša Stefanović | 27 July 2012 27 April 2014 27 April 2014 11 August 2016 | ||
 Slovenia | Deputy Prime Minister of Slovenia | Karl Viktor Erjavec Dejan Židan | 20 March 2013 | ||
 Spain | Deputy Prime Minister of Spain | Carmen Calvo | 7 June 2018 | ||
 Sweden | Deputy Prime Minister of Sweden | Margot Wallström Isabella Lövin | 25 May 2016 | ||
 Turkey | Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey | ? | ? | ||
 United Kingdom | Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom First Secretary of State (de facto) | David Lidington (DPM) David Lidington (FSS) | |||
| Oceania | |||||
 Australia | Deputy Prime Minister of Australia | Michael McCormack | 26 February 2018 | ||
 New Zealand | Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand | Winston Peters | 26 October 2017 | ||
Former countries
Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union- First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union
Deputy Prime Minister of Yugoslavia
References
^ Steven Barnes, 'What About Me? Deputy Prime Ministership in New Zealand', Political Science, Vol. 61, No. 1, 2009, pp. 33-49
^ Article 110.2 of the Constitution of Russian Federation
^ Article 114 of the Constitution of Ukraine
^ "Article 25 of the Federal Constitutional Law "On the Government of Russian Federation" from December 17, 1997". Constitution.garant.ru. Retrieved 2012-07-25..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
^ "Article 8 of the Federal Constitutional Law "On the Government of Russian Federation". Constitution.garant.ru. Retrieved 2012-07-25.
Common types of government ministers and ministries | |
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| Defence / Foreign Affairs / Public Safety |
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| Economics / Infrastructure |
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| Environment / Natural resources |
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Government ministers by portfolio