Hammer throw

Clash Royale CLAN TAG#URR8PPP Athletics Hammer throw | |
|---|---|
Irish-born American John Flanagan in the hammer throw competition at the Summer Olympics 1908 in London | |
| Men's records | |
| World | |
| Olympic | |
| Women's records | |
| World | |
| Olympic | |
Scottish hammer throw illustration from Frank R.Stockton's book "Round-about Rambles in Lands of Fact and Fancy"
The traditional Highland games version of event
The contemporary version of the hammer throw
World Athletics Championships 2007 in Osaka - Victory Ceremony for Hammer Throw with winner Ivan Tsikhan (middle)
The hammer throw is one of the four throwing events in regular track and field competitions, along with the discus throw, shot put and javelin. The "hammer" used in this sport is not like any of the tools also called by that name. It consists of a metal ball attached by a steel wire to a grip. The size of the ball varies between men's and women's competitions (see Competition section below for details).
Men's Hammer Throw Final - 28th Summer Universiade 2015
Safety net for hammer throw
Contents
1 History
2 Competition
3 All-time top 25 hammer throwers
3.1 Men
3.1.1 Notes
3.1.2 Non-legal marks
3.2 Women
3.2.1 Notes
3.2.2 Non-legal marks
4 Olympic medalists
4.1 Men
4.2 Women
5 World Championships medalists
5.1 Men
5.2 Women
6 Season's bests
6.1 Men
6.2 Women
7 See also
8 Notes and references
9 External links
History
With roots dating back to the 15th century, the contemporary version of the hammer throw is one of the oldest of Olympic Games competitions, first included at the 1900 games in Paris, France (the second Olympiad of the modern era). Its history since the late 1960s and legacy prior to inclusion in the Olympics have been dominated by European and Eastern European influence, which has affected interest in the event in other parts of the world.
The hammer evolved from its early informal origins to become part of the Scottish Highland games in the late 18th century, where the original version of the event is still contested today.
While the men's hammer throw has been part of the Olympics since 1900, the International Association of Athletics Federations did not start ratifying women's marks until 1995. Women's hammer throw was first included in the Olympics at the 2000 summer games in Sydney, Australia, after having been included in the World Championships a year earlier.
Competition
The men's hammer weighs 16 pounds (7.26 kg) and measures 3 feet 11 3⁄4 inches (121.3 cm) in length, and the women's hammer weighs 8.82 lb (4 kg) and 3 ft 11 in (119.4 cm) in length.[1] Like the other throwing events, the competition is decided by who can throw the implement the farthest.
Although commonly thought of as a strength event, technical advancements in the last 30 years have evolved hammer throw competition to a point where more focus is on speed in order to gain maximum distance.
The throwing motion involves about two swings from stationary position, then three, four or very rarely five rotations of the body in circular motion using a complicated heel-toe movement of the foot. The ball moves in a circular path, gradually increasing in velocity with each turn with the high point of the hammer ball toward the target sector and the low point at the back of the circle. The thrower releases the ball from the front of the circle.
As of 2015[update] the men's hammer world record is held by Yuriy Sedykh, who threw 86.74 m (284 ft 6 3⁄4 in) at the 1986 European Athletics Championships in Stuttgart, West Germany on 30 August.
The world record for the women's hammer is held by Anita Włodarczyk, who threw 82.98 m (272 ft 2 3⁄4 in) during the Kamila Skolimowska Memorial on 28 August 2016.
All-time top 25 hammer throwers
Men
- Updated August 2015
| Rank | Mark | Athlete | Location | Date | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 86.74 m (284 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | Stuttgart | 30 August 1986 | ||
| 2 | 86.04 m (282 ft 3 1⁄4 in) | Dresden | 3 July 1986 | ||
| 3 | 84.90 m (278 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | Minsk | 21 July 2005 | ||
| 4 | 84.86 m (278 ft 4 3⁄4 in) | Prague | 29 June 2003 | ||
| 5 | 84.62 m (277 ft 7 1⁄4 in) | Seville | 6 June 1992 | ||
| 6 | 84.51 m (277 ft 3 in) | Grodno | 9 July 2008 | ||
| 7 | 84.48 m (277 ft 1 3⁄4 in) | Lausanne | 12 July 1990 | ||
| 8 | 84.40 m (276 ft 10 3⁄4 in) | Banská Bystrica | 9 September 1984 | ||
| 9 | 84.19 m (276 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | Szombathely | 10 August 2003 | ||
| 10 | 83.93 m (275 ft 4 1⁄4 in) | Szczecin | 9 August 2015 | [2] | |
| 11 | 83.68 m (274 ft 6 1⁄4 in) | Zalaegerszeg | 19 September 1998 | ||
| 12 | 83.46 m (273 ft 9 3⁄4 in) | Sochi | 26 May 1990 | ||
| 13 | 83.43 m (273 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | Adler | 10 February 2002 | ||
| 14 | 83.40 m (273 ft 7 1⁄4 in) | Athens | 16 May 1988 | ||
| 15 | 83.38 m (273 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | Edmonton | 5 August 2001 | ||
| 16 | 83.30 m (273 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | Lahti | 14 July 2004 | ||
| 17 | 83.04 m (272 ft 5 1⁄4 in) | Frankfurt | 29 June 1997 | ||
| 18 | 83.00 m (272 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | Saint-Denis | 4 June 1998 | ||
| 19 | 82.78 m (271 ft 7 in) | Dortmund | 26 June 1999 | ||
| 20 | 82.69 m (271 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | Zürich | 16 August 2014 | ||
| 21 | 82.64 m (271 ft 1 1⁄2 in) | Dresden | 3 August 1985 | ||
| 22 | 82.62 m (271 ft 3⁄4 in) | Zalaegerszeg | 30 May 1998 | ||
| 82.62 m (271 ft 3⁄4 in) | Kiev | 27 April 2002 | |||
| 24 | 82.58 m (270 ft 11 in) | Celje | 2 September 2009 | ||
| 25 | 82.54 m (270 ft 9 1⁄2 in) | Krasnodar | 13 May 1992 |
Notes
Below is a list of all other throws superior to 86.50 metres:
Yuriy Sedykh 86.66 m (1986). Sedykh also threw 86.68 m and 86.62 m ancillary marks during world record competition.
Non-legal marks
Ivan Tsikhan of Belarus also threw 86.73 on 3 July 2005 in Brest, but this performance was annulled due to drugs disqualification.
Women
- Correct as of June 2018.[3]
| Rank | Mark | Athlete | Date | Location | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 82.98 m (272 ft 2 3⁄4 in) | 28 August 2016 | Warsaw | [4] | |
| 2 | 79.42 m (260 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | 21 May 2011 | Halle | ||
| 3 | 78.80 m (258 ft 6 1⁄4 in) | 16 August 2013 | Moscow | ||
| 4 | 78.12 m (256 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | 23 June 2018 | Des Moines | [5] | |
| 5 | 77.78 m (255 ft 2 in) | 8 June 2018 | Chorzów | [6] | |
| 6 | 77.68 m (254 ft 10 1⁄4 in) | 29 March 2014 | Chengdu | ||
| 7 | 77.33 m (253 ft 8 1⁄4 in) | 28 September 2014 | Incheon | ||
| 8 | 77.32 m (253 ft 8 in) | 29 June 2008 | Minsk | ||
| 9 | 77.26 m (253 ft 5 1⁄2 in) | 12 June 2006 | Tula | ||
| 10 | 77.13 m (253 ft 1⁄2 in) | 30 June 2013 | Zhukovskiy | ||
| 11 | 76.90 m (252 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | 16 May 2009 | Trnava | ||
| 12 | 76.85 m (252 ft 1 1⁄2 in) | 26 August 2017 | Taipei | [7] | |
| 13 | 76.83 m (252 ft 3⁄4 in) | 11 May 2007 | Doha | ||
| 14 | 76.72 m (251 ft 8 1⁄4 in) | 23 June 2012 | Zhukovsky | ||
| 15 | 76.66 m (251 ft 6 in) | 23 June 2006 | Minsk | ||
| 16 | 76.63 m (251 ft 4 3⁄4 in) | 23 June 2006 | Zhukovsky | ||
| 17 | 76.62 m (251 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | 9 September 2008 | Zagreb | ||
| 18 | 76.56 m (251 ft 2 in) | 12 June 2012 | Minsk | ||
| 19 | 76.33 m (250 ft 5 in) | 29 June 2008 | Minsk | ||
| 20 | 76.26 m (250 ft 2 1⁄4 in) | 27 April 2018 | Brest | ||
| 21 | 76.21 m (250 ft 1⁄4 in) | 26 May 2007 | Sochi | ||
| 22 | 76.17 m (249 ft 10 3⁄4 in) | 24 July 2013 | Moscow | ||
| 23 | 76.07 m (249 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | 29 August 1999 | Rüdlingen | ||
| 24 | 76.05 m (249 ft 6 in) | 10 August 2012 | London | ||
| 25 | 75.73 m (248 ft 5 1⁄4 in) | 22 June 2013 | Des Moines | ||
| 22 May 2014 | Tucson |
Notes
Below is a list of throws equal or superior to 78.00 m:
Anita Włodarczyk also threw 82.87 m (2017), 82.29 m (2016), 81.77 m (2016), 81.74 (2016), 81.63 m (2017), 81.27 m (2016), 81.08 m (2015), 80.85 m (2015), 80.79 m (2017), 80.73 m (2017), 80.69 m (2017), 80.42 m (2017), 80.40 m (2016), 80.31 m (2016), 80.26 m (2016), 79.80 m (2017), 79.73 m (2017), 79.72 m (2017), 79.68 m (2016, 2017), 79.67 m (2016), 79.63 m (2017), 79.62 m (2016), 79.61 m (2016), 79.59 m (2018), 79.58 m (2016), 79.48 m (2016), 79.45 m (2016), 79.39 m (2016), 79.27 m (2017), 79.23 m (2017), 79.07 m (2017), 79.06 m (2017), 78.94 m (2018), 78.76 m (2014), 78.74 m (2018), 78.69 m (2016), 78.59 m (2017), 78.55 m (2018), 78.54 m (2016), 78.52 m (2017), 78.46 m (2013), 78.35 m (2017), 78.30 m (2010), 78.28 m (2015), 78.24 m (2015), 78.22 m (2013), 78.17 m (2014), 78.16 m (2015), 78.14 m (2016), 78.10 (2016), 78.00 m (2017).
Tatyana Lysenko also threw 78.51 m (2012) and 78.15 m (2013)
Betty Heidler also threw 78.07 m (2012) and 78.00 m (2014).
Non-legal marks
The following athletes had their performances (over 77.00 m) annulled due to doping offences:
Aksana Miankova (Belarus) 78.69 m and 78.19 m (both 2012)
Gulfiya Agafonova (Russia) 77.36 m (2007)
Olympic medalists
Men
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
1900 Paris | John Flanagan | Truxtun Hare | Josiah McCracken |
1904 St. Louis | John Flanagan | John DeWitt | Ralph Rose |
1908 London | John Flanagan | Matt McGrath | Con Walsh |
1912 Stockholm | Matt McGrath | Duncan Gillis | Clarence Childs |
1920 Antwerp | Patrick Ryan | Carl Johan Lind | Basil Bennett |
1924 Paris | Fred Tootell | Matt McGrath | Malcolm Nokes |
1928 Amsterdam | Pat O'Callaghan | Ossian Skiöld | Edmund Black |
1932 Los Angeles | Pat O'Callaghan | Ville Pörhölä | Peter Zaremba |
1936 Berlin | Karl Hein | Erwin Blask | Fred Warngård |
1948 London | Imre Németh | Ivan Gubijan | Robert Bennett |
1952 Helsinki | József Csermák | Karl Storch | Imre Németh |
1956 Melbourne | Hal Connolly | Mikhail Krivonosov | Anatoliy Samotsvetov |
1960 Rome | Vasily Rudenkov | Gyula Zsivótzky | Tadeusz Rut |
1964 Tokyo | Romuald Klim | Gyula Zsivótzky | Uwe Beyer |
1968 Mexico City | Gyula Zsivótzky | Romuald Klim | Lázár Lovász |
1972 Munich | Anatoliy Bondarchuk | Jochen Sachse | Vasiliy Khmelevskiy |
1976 Montreal | Yuriy Sedykh | Aleksey Spiridonov | Anatoliy Bondarchuk |
1980 Moscow | Yuriy Sedykh | Sergey Litvinov | Jüri Tamm |
1984 Los Angeles | Juha Tiainen | Karl-Hans Riehm | Klaus Ploghaus |
1988 Seoul | Sergey Litvinov | Yuriy Sedykh | Jüri Tamm |
1992 Barcelona | Andrey Abduvaliyev | Igor Astapkovich | Igor Nikulin |
1996 Atlanta | Balázs Kiss | Lance Deal | Oleksandr Krykun |
2000 Sydney | Szymon Ziółkowski | Nicola Vizzoni | Igor Astapkovich |
2004 Athens | Koji Murofushi | Not awarded[8] | Eşref Apak |
2008 Beijing | Primož Kozmus | Vadim Devyatovskiy | Ivan Tsikhan |
2012 London | Krisztián Pars | Primož Kozmus | Koji Murofushi |
2016 Rio de Janeiro | Dilshod Nazarov | Ivan Tsikhan | Wojciech Nowicki |
Women
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
2000 Sydney | Kamila Skolimowska | Olga Kuzenkova | Kirsten Münchow |
2004 Athens | Olga Kuzenkova | Yipsi Moreno | Yunaika Crawford |
2008 Beijing | Yipsi Moreno | Zhang Wenxiu | Manuela Montebrun |
2012 London | Anita Włodarczyk | Betty Heidler | Zhang Wenxiu |
2016 Rio de Janeiro | Anita Włodarczyk | Zhang Wenxiu | Sophie Hitchon |
World Championships medalists
Men
| Championships | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
1983 Helsinki | |||
1987 Rome | |||
1991 Tokyo | |||
1993 Stuttgart | |||
1995 Gothenburg | |||
1997 Athens | |||
1999 Seville | |||
2001 Edmonton | |||
2003 Saint-Denis | |||
2005 Helsinki | |||
2007 Osaka | |||
2009 Berlin | |||
2011 Daegu | |||
2013 Moscow | |||
2015 Beijing | |||
2017 London |
Women
| Championships | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
1999 Seville | |||
2001 Edmonton | |||
2003 Saint-Denis | |||
2005 Helsinki | |||
2007 Osaka | |||
2009 Berlin | |||
2011 Daegu | |||
2013 Moscow | |||
2015 Beijing | |||
2017 London |
Season's bests
|
| Year | Mark | Athlete | Location |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1971 | 76.40 m (250 ft 7 3⁄4 in) | Lahr | |
| 1972 | 75.88 m (248 ft 11 1⁄4 in) | Kiev | |
| 1973 | 75.20 m (246 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | Moscow | |
| 1974 | 76.66 m (251 ft 6 in) | Munich | |
| 1975 | 79.30 m (260 ft 2 in) | Frankfurt | |
| 1976 | 78.86 m (258 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | Sochi | |
| 1977 | 77.60 m (254 ft 7 in) | Gelsenkirchen | |
| 1978 | 80.32 m (263 ft 6 in) | Heidenheim | |
1979 | 79.82 m (261 ft 10 1⁄2 in) | Leipzig | |
1980 | 81.80 m (268 ft 4 1⁄4 in) | Moscow | |
1981 | 80.56 m (264 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | Obersühl | |
1982 | 83.98 m (275 ft 6 1⁄4 in) | Moscow | |
1983 | 84.14 m (276 ft 1⁄2 in) | Moscow | |
1984 | 86.34 m (283 ft 3 in) | Cork | |
1985 | 84.08 m (275 ft 10 in) | Budapest | |
1986 | 86.74 m (284 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | Stuttgart | |
1987 | 83.48 m (273 ft 10 1⁄2 in) | Karl-Marx-Stadt | |
1988 | 85.14 m (279 ft 3 3⁄4 in) | Moscow | |
1989 | 82.84 m (271 ft 9 1⁄4 in) | Berlin | |
1990 | 84.48 m (277 ft 1 3⁄4 in) | Lausanne | |
1991 | 84.26 m (276 ft 5 1⁄4 in) | Reims | |
| 1992 | 84.62 m (277 ft 7 1⁄4 in) | Seville | |
| 1993 | 82.78 m (271 ft 7 in) | Nitra | |
| 1994 | 83.36 m (273 ft 5 3⁄4 in) | Budapest | |
1995 | 83.10 m (272 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | Tashkent | |
1996 | 82.52 m (270 ft 8 3⁄4 in) | Milan | |
1997 | 83.04 m (272 ft 5 1⁄4 in) | Frankfurt | |
1998 | 83.68 m (274 ft 6 1⁄4 in) | Zalaegerszeg | |
1999 | 82.78 m (271 ft 7 in) | Dortmund | |
2000 | 82.58 m (270 ft 11 in) | Stayki | |
2001 | 83.47 m (273 ft 10 in) | Toyota | |
2002 | 83.43 m (273 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | Adler | |
2003 | 84.86 m (278 ft 4 3⁄4 in) | Prague | |
2004 | 84.46 m (277 ft 1 in) | Minsk | |
2005 | 84.90 m (278 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | Minsk | |
2006 | 82.95 m (272 ft 1 1⁄2 in) | Stayki | |
2007 | 83.63 m (274 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | Osaka | |
2008 | 84.51 m (277 ft 3 in) | Grodno | |
2009 | 82.58 m (270 ft 11 in) | Celje | |
2010 | 80.99 m (265 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | Rieti | |
| 2011 | 81.89 m (268 ft 8 in) | Szombathely | |
| 2012 | 82.81 m (271 ft 8 in) | Brest | |
| 2013 | 82.40 m (270 ft 4 in) | Dubnica | |
| 2014 | 83.48 m (273 ft 10 1⁄2 in) | Warsaw | |
| 2015 | 83.93 m (275 ft 4 1⁄4 in) | Szczecin | |
| 2016 | 81.87 m (268 ft 7 in) | Bydgoszcz |
Women
| Year | Mark | Athlete | Place |
|---|---|---|---|
1988 | 58.94 m (193 ft 4 1⁄4 in) | Los Gatos | |
1989 | 61.50 m (201 ft 9 1⁄4 in) | Frunze | |
1990 | 61.96 m (203 ft 3 1⁄4 in) | Adler | |
1991 | 64.44 m (211 ft 5 in) | Adler | |
| 1992 | 65.40 m (214 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | Bryansk | |
| 1993 | 64.64 m (212 ft 3⁄4 in) | Krasnodar | |
| 1994 | 67.34 m (220 ft 11 in) | Minsk | |
1995 | 68.16 m (223 ft 7 1⁄4 in) | Moscow | |
1996 | 69.46 m (227 ft 10 1⁄2 in) | Sydney | |
1997 | 73.10 m (239 ft 9 3⁄4 in) | Munich | |
1998 | 73.80 m (242 ft 1 1⁄2 in) | Tolyatti | |
1999 | 76.07 m (249 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | Rüdlingen | |
2000 | 75.68 m (248 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | Tula | |
2001 | 73.62 m (241 ft 6 1⁄4 in) | Adler | |
2002 | 73.07 m (239 ft 8 3⁄4 in) | Annecy | |
2003 | 75.14 m (246 ft 6 1⁄4 in) | Savona | |
2004 | 75.18 m (246 ft 7 3⁄4 in) | Havana | |
2005 | 77.06 m (252 ft 9 3⁄4 in) | Moscow | |
2006 | 77.80 m (255 ft 2 3⁄4 in) | Tallinn | |
2007 | 77.30 m (253 ft 7 1⁄4 in) | Adler | |
2008 | 77.32 m (253 ft 8 in) | Minsk | |
2009 | 77.96 m (255 ft 9 1⁄4 in) | Berlin | |
2010 | 78.30 m (256 ft 10 1⁄2 in) | Bydgoszcz | |
| 2011 | 79.42 m (260 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | Halle | |
| 2012 | 78.69 m (258 ft 2 in) | Minsk | |
| 2013 | 78.80 m (258 ft 6 1⁄4 in) | Moscow | |
| 2014 | 79.58 m (261 ft 1 in) | Berlin | |
| 2015 | 81.08 m (266 ft 0 in) | Władysławowo | |
| 2016 | 82.98 m (272 ft 2 3⁄4 in) | Warsaw |
See also
- List of hammer throwers
Notes and references
^ "Hammer Throw - Introduction". IAAF. Retrieved 12 December 2011..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
^ Phil Minshull (9 August 2015). "Fajdek throws 83.93m in Szczecin". IAAF. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
^ "All-time women's best hammer throw". IAAF. 7 May 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2017.
^ "Wlodarczyk extends hammer world record in Warsaw". IAAF. 28 August 2016. Retrieved 28 August 2016.
^ Roy Jordan (24 June 2018). "Price breaks North American hammer record on third day of US Championships". IAAF. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
^ Jon Mulkeen (8 June 2018). "Berry and Nowicki topple hammer favourites in Chorzow". IAAF. Retrieved 11 June 2018.
^ "Women's Hammer Final Results" (PDF). 2017.taipei. 26 August 2017. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
^ 2004 Olympic Hammer Throw Medalists. Olympic.org. Retrieved on 2014-04-19.
^ ab Engeler, Elaine (June 10, 2010). "CAS Reinstates Medals for Hammer Throwers". Yahoo! Sports. Associated Press. Retrieved 2010-06-15.
External links
- IAAF list of hammer-throw records in XML
- HammerThrow.eu (Results, Top-Lists, Records, Videos, ...)
- HammerThrow.org (Information about the event, coaching tips and resources, ...)
- Statistics
- Hammer Throw Records
- Hammer Throw History