方蟹科

The name of the pictureThe name of the pictureThe name of the pictureClash Royale CLAN TAG#URR8PPP


 

如何讀生物分類框
方蟹科
Grapsidae

红石蟹 Grapsus grapsus

红石蟹 Grapsus grapsus


科學分類



















界：

動物界 Animalia

門：

節肢動物門 Arthropoda


亞門：

甲殼亞門 Crustacea

綱：

軟甲綱 Malacostraca

目：

十足目 Decapoda


亞目：

腹胚亞目 Pleocyemata


下目：

短尾下目 Brachyura


總科：

方蟹總科 Grapsoidea

科：

方蟹科 Grapsidae
Macleay（英语：William Sharp Macleay）, 1838 [1]

屬

見內文


方蟹科（Grapsidae）是十足目短尾下目（螃蟹）的其中一個科[1]。他們主要生活在沼澤和近岸的地方，以海藻等為食。



分類


方蟹科過往分成多個亞科，但這些亞科現時均已獨立出來成為一個科，再組成方蟹總科[2]。
雖然如此，現時動物學家仍未能肯定方蟹科是否一個單系群[3]。現時方蟹科還有以下十個屬，包括兩個只餘下化石的已滅絕的屬[2]：



  • 陸方蟹屬[4]（Geograpsus Stimpson, 1858）


  • Goniopsis De Haan, 1833


  • 方蟹屬 （Grapsus Lamarck, 1801）


  • Leptograpsodes Montgomery, 1931


  • Leptograpsus H. Milne Edwards, 1853


  • Litograpsus † Schweitzer & Karasawa, 2004


  • 大額蟹屬[4]Metopograpsus H. Milne Edwards, 1853


  • Miograpsus † Fleming, 1981


  • Pachygrapsus Randall, 1840


  • Planes Bowdich, 1825


參考資料




  1. ^ 1.01.1 Grapsidae. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. [2010-11-01] （英语）. 


  2. ^ 2.02.1 Sammy De Grave, N. Dean Pentcheff, Shane T. Ahyong; 等. A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 2009,. Suppl. 21: 1–109. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-06-06）.  引文格式1维护：显式使用等标签 (link)


  3. ^ C. D. Schubart, S. Cannicci, M. Vannini & S. Fratini. Molecular phylogeny of grapsoid crabs (Decapoda, Brachyura) and allies based on two mitochondrial genes and a proposal for refraining from current superfamily classification (PDF). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 2006, 44 (3): 193–199. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0469.2006.00354.x. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-07-19）. 


  4. ^ 4.04.1 生物:動物界:節肢動物門:甲殼綱:十足目:方蟹科. 數位典藏與學習聯合目錄. [2012-10-18] （中文（繁體）‎）. 



外部連結



  • 維基共享資源中有關方蟹科的多媒體資源
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