Walt Disney Studios (division)
Clash Royale CLAN TAG#URR8PPP
 | |
Type | Division |
|---|---|
| Industry | Entertainment |
| Founded | October 16, 1923 (1923-10-16)[1] |
| Headquarters | Walt Disney Studios, Burbank, California U.S. |
Area served | Worldwide |
Key people |
|
| Products | Motion pictures, music publishing, stage productions |
| Services | Film production, marketing and distribution |
| Parent | The Walt Disney Company |
| Divisions |
|
| Subsidiaries |
|
| Website | waltdisneystudios.com |
The Walt Disney Studios is an American film studio, one of the four major businesses of The Walt Disney Company and the main component of its Studio Entertainment segment.[2] The studio, best known for its multi-faceted film division, which is one of Hollywood's major film studios, is based at the eponymous Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California.
The Studios generated an estimated income of $2.355 billion during the 2017 fiscal year.[3] The studio entertainment business alone (live-action and animated motion pictures, direct-to-video content, musical recordings and live stage plays) brought in $8.379 billion in 2017.[3]
The Walt Disney Studios is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA).[4]
Contents
1 Background
2 History
2.1 1980s
2.2 1990s
2.3 2000s
2.4 2010s
2.5 Post-21st Century Fox merger
3 Studio structure
3.1 Production
3.2 Distribution
3.3 Disney Music Group
3.4 Disney Theatrical Group
4 Former units
4.1 Film production
4.1.1 Live-action
4.1.2 Animation
4.2 Television
4.3 Distribution and marketing
4.4 Other
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Background
Walt Disney Productions began production of their first feature-length animated film in 1934. Taking three years to complete, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, premiered in December 1937 and became the highest-grossing film of that time by 1939.[5] In the 1940s, Disney began experimenting with full-length live-action films, with the introduction of hybrid live action-animated films such as The Reluctant Dragon (1941) and Song of the South (1946).[6] That same decade, the studio began producing nature documentaries with the release of Seal Island (1948), the first of the True-Life Adventures series and a subsequent Academy Award winner for Best Live-Action Short Film.[7][8]
Walt Disney Productions had its first fully live-action film in 1950 with the release of Treasure Island, considered by Disney to be the official conception for what would eventually evolve into the modern-day Walt Disney Pictures.[9] By 1953, the company ended their agreements with such third-party distributors as RKO Radio Pictures and United Artists and formed their own distribution company, Buena Vista Distribution.[10]
History
1980s
By the 1980s, The Walt Disney Company's collection of film units emerged as one of Hollywood's major film studios, mostly due to newly designed efforts in branding strategies, a resurgence of Walt Disney Pictures' animated releases and unprecedented box office successes, particularly from Touchstone Pictures.[11] The Walt Disney Productions film division was incorporated on April 1, 1983 as Walt Disney Pictures.[12] In April 1983, Richard Berger was hired by Disney CEO Ron W. Miller as film president. Touchstone Films was started by Miller in February 1984 as a label for their PG-rated films with an expected half of Disney's 6 to 8 movies yearly slate would be released under the label.[13] Berger was pushed out as a new CEO was appointed for Walt Disney Productions later in 1984, as Michael Eisner brought his own film chief, Jeffrey Katzenberg and film studio president, Richard H. Frank.[14] Touchstone and Hollywood Pictures were formed within that unit on February 15, 1984 and February 1, 1989 respectively.[15]
Organized in 1985, Silver Screen Partners II, L.P. financed films for Disney with $193 million in funding. In January 1987, Silver Screen III began financing movies for Disney with $300 million raised, the largest amount raised for a film financing limited partnership by E.F. Hutton.[16]
In April 1988, Touchstone became a unit of Walt Disney Pictures with newly appointed head Ricardo Mestres.[17] With several production companies getting out of film production or closing shop by December 1988, Walt Disney Studios announced the formation of Hollywood Pictures division, which would only share marketing and distribution with Touchstone, to fill the void.[18]Walt Disney Television and Touchstone Television were grouped together under Garth Ancier as president of network television for The Walt Disney Studios on April 18, 1989.[19]
Late in the 1980s, Disney purchased a controlling stake in one of Pacific Theatres' chains[20] leading to Disney's Buena Vista Theaters and Pacific to renovate the El Capitan Theatre and the Crest by 1989.[21] The Crest was finished first while El Capitan opened with the premiere of The Rocketeer film on June 19, 1991.[22]
1990s
In September 1990, The Walt Disney Company arranged for financing up to $200 million by a unit of Nomura Securities for Interscope films made for Disney. On October 23, 1990, Disney formed Touchwood Pacific Partners I to supplant the Silver Screen Partnership series as their movie studios' primary funding source.[23] In 1992, Walt Disney Studios agreed to fund a production company, Caravan Pictures, for exiting 20th Century Fox chairman Joe Roth.[24][25] In 1993, Miramax Films was purchased for $60 million by Disney.[26]
On March 30, 1992, Disney Studios agreed to sell KCAL-TV to Pineland, Inc. for a 45% ownership stake in Pineland, so as to have interest in TV stations in both large markets, Los Angeles and New York City, allowing for increased original programming.[27] Instead Pineland agreed to an unsolicited bid in May from Chris-Craft Industries thus ending the planned business merger with Disney's KCAL.[28]
David Hoberman was promoted by Katzenberg to president of motion pictures at Walt Disney Studios in April 1994 from president of Walt Disney Pictures and Touchstone Pictures. While Ricardo Mestres was forced out as president of Hollywood Pictures in exchange for a production deal.[29]
On August 24, 1994 with Katzenberg's resignation, Walt Disney Studios was reorganized spinning out a new TV group. Richard Frank became head of newly formed Walt Disney Television and Telecommunications (WDTT). Roth moved up from Caravan Pictures to helm the remaining Walt Disney Studios as chairman.[30] Hoberman stepped down as president in January 1995 to take a five-year, multi-film deal for his production company, Mandeville Films.[29]
Roth was appointed as chairman of Walt Disney Studios in 1996.[31] In April 1996 due to ongoing post Disney-CC/ABC merger realignment and retirement of its president, WDTT group's division were reassigned to other groups with most transferred to The Walt Disney Studios or CC/ABC. Units returning to the studio were the television production companies, Walt Disney Television, Disney Television Animation, Touchstone Television and Buena Vista Home Entertainment.[32]
Buena Vista International - Latin America and two other companies became owners of Patagonik Film Group, an Argentina-based production company, in 1997.[33] In late 1997, Disney bid on CDR's Epic movie library but lost to PolyGram Filmed Entertainment.[34]
Disney's Buena Vista Distribution and Cinergi Pictures had a 25-picture distribution deal with Disney taking a 5% stake in Cinergi stock. After nine films were delivered under the agreement, Cinergi sold Disney on November 22, 1997 all of its 12 film library except for Die Hard With a Vengeance plus $20 million in exchange for Disney's Cinergi share holdings, production advances of $35.4 million and other loans.[35][36]
In 1998, the Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group was formed by Roth to unite the Disney, Touchstone and Hollywood film production units with leadership under David Vogel.[37] This was in order to centralize the various production units and to make live-action film production within Disney more cost-efficient. Roth also determined that the studio's year production slate should be cut. So in August 1998, Roger Birnbaum, Caravan's co-founder, left to co-found Spyglass Entertainment at Roth's prompting in which Disney gave Caravan's development slate, a five-year distribution agreement and an advance. Caravan after the remaining three films are release when inactive.[38] By May 2000, Disney had taken an equity stake in Spyglass.[39]
Peter Schneider was promoted to Studio president in January 1999, while Thomas Schumacher was promoted to president of Walt Disney Feature Animation and Walt Disney Theatrical Productions while both are made co-presidents of Disney Theatrical Group.[40] As the first Studio president, Schneider had supervisory control of all Walt Disney label released films.[31] In July, Walt Disney Television, including Buena Vista Television Productions, were transferred out of The Walt Disney Studios to ABC Television Network[41] to merge with ABC's prime-time division to form the ABC Entertainment Television Group.[42]
2000s
Roth left to form his own production company in January 2000,[39] with Schneider moving up to studio chairman.[31] Schneider left Walt Disney Studios in June 2001 to form his own theater production company partly funded by Disney. The studio chairmanship was not filled at the time leaving the studio's major units, Walt Disney Motion Pictures Group chair Dick Cook, Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group chair Nina Jacobson and Walt Disney Feature Animation president Schumacher in charge.[43] In 2002, Cook was named as Studio chairman to replace Peter Schneider.[44] In January 2002, Buena Vista International - Latin America formed a joint venture production company, Miravista, with Admira, Telefónica content production and distribution division, for primarily Brazilian and Mexican film productions.[45]
In January 2003, Disney initiated a reorganization of its theatrical and animation units to improve resource usage and continued focus on new characters and franchise development. Walt Disney Feature Animation — sans Walt Disney Television Animation — and Buena Vista Theatrical Worldwide were organized under The Walt Disney Studios.[46][47] In 2003, the studio set a worldwide box office record of $3 billion gross.[48]
In July 2006, Disney announced a shift in its strategy of releasing more Disney-branded (i.e. Walt Disney Pictures) films and fewer Touchstone titles. The move was expected to reduce the Group's work force by approximately 650 positions worldwide.[49] This was a cost cutting move with its yearly slate would consist of 12 to 15 films.[50]
After being transferred to various other division groups since they were acquired in 2004, The Muppets Studio was incorporated into the Walt Disney Studios' Special Events Group in 2006.[51] In April 2007, Disney retired the Buena Vista brand, renaming Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group and Buena Vista Pictures Distribution as Walt Disney Motion Pictures Group and Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, respectively. Hollywood Pictures was also retired as well.[52][53] In July 2007, Disney CEO Bob Iger banned the depiction of smoking and tobacco products from Walt Disney Pictures-branded films, as well as limiting such depictions in Touchstone and Miramax films.[54]
In April 2009, the Studio announced the formation of Disneynature, a nature film production label.[55] The Studio launched its Kingdom Comics division in May, led by writer-actor Ahmet Zappa, TV executive Harris Katleman and writer-editor Christian Beranek. Kingdom was designed to create new properties for possible film development and re-imagine and redevelop existing Disney library movies, with Disney Publishing Worldwide getting a first look for publishing.[56]
On February 9, 2009, DreamWorks Studios entered a 7-year, 30-picture distribution deal with the studio's Touchstone Pictures banner starting in 2011.[57] The deal also includes co-funding by Disney to DreamWorks for production.[58] In late 2009, Miramax Films, a formerly independent Disney film unit, was transferred to The Walt Disney Studios,[59] until its sale in 2010 to Filmyard Holdings.[60] The Kingdom Comics unit's creatives/executives moved its deal to an independent Monsterfoot Productions.[61]
On September 18, 2009, Cook was forced out as chairman allegedly having been asked to do so by Bob Iger, CEO of the Walt Disney Company, for resisting change Iger felt was needed and the previous year's poor results.[62] He was then replaced by Disney Channels Worldwide president Rich Ross on October 5, 2009.[63]
2010s
After The Walt Disney Company's acquisition of Marvel Entertainment in December 2009 for $4.2 billion,[64] Disney began distributing Marvel Studios' films in 2012, acquiring the distribution rights for The Avengers and Iron Man 3 from Paramount Pictures in October 2010.[65] Marvel Studios, however, remained a division of Marvel Entertainment during that time, working in conjunction with Walt Disney Studios for distribution and marketing.[66]
In May 2011, Disney India and UTV Motion Pictures agreed to co-produce Disney-branded family films with both handling creative function and UTV producing, marketing and distributing the films.[67] In 2011, Disney fired Marvel Studios' marketing department[68] taking over marketing of their films beginning with the 2012 film The Avengers.[69]
On April 20, 2012, Ross was fired as studio chairman.[63] On October 30, 2012, Lucasfilm agreed to be purchased by The Walt Disney Company and a new Star Wars trilogy was announced[70] and was finalized on December 4.[71] Later that year on December 4, Disney agreed to have Netflix as its exclusive U.S. subscription television service for first run Walt Disney Pictures, Walt Disney Animation Studios, Pixar Animation Studios, Marvel Studios and Disneynature feature films starting in 2016 to replace its agreement ending in 2015 with Starz.[72]
In April 2013, The Walt Disney Studios laid off 150 workers including staff from its marketing and home entertainment units.[73][74] In December of that same year, Disney purchased the distribution and marketing rights to future Indiana Jones films from Paramount Pictures, while Paramount will continue distributing the first four films and receive "financial participation" from the additional films.[75] The studio and Shanghai Media Group Pictures signed a multi-year movie development agreement, before the March 6, 2014 announcement, in which Chinese themes would be incorporated into Disney branded movies.[76] In March 2015, Iger expanded the studio's smoking and tobacco prohibition to include all films released by the studio—including PG-13 rated films and below—unless such depictions are historically pertinent.[77]
In August 2015, Marvel Studios was moved into the Walt Disney Studios, with president Kevin Feige now reporting directly to Walt Disney Studios chairman Alan Horn instead of Marvel Entertainment CEO Isaac Perlmutter, who continues to oversee Marvel Television and Marvel Animation that were previously a part of Marvel Studios.[78] Disney received ownership rights to the thirteen DreamWorks films it distributed, in compensation for outstanding loans as DreamWorks was restructured into Amblin Partners.[79]
On December 19, 2016, Walt Disney Studios became the first major studio to reach $7 billion at the global box office. This surpasses Universal's record from 2015 of $6.89 billion. Disney did it with five of the top 10 films of the year with a record four of them, The Jungle Book, Finding Dory, Captain America: Civil War and Rogue One: A Star Wars Story, with opening weekend takes of over $100 million. Four films in 2016 grossed over $1 billion and another $966 million globally. Two studio units' (Pixar and Marvel Studios) combined lifetime library grosses passed $10 billion.[80]
In November 2017, the studio briefly banned reporters of the Los Angeles Times from attending pre-release screenings for its films, after it had published reports on Disney's political influence in the Anaheim area that the company deemed to be "biased and inaccurate". After a boycott effort emerged among several notable critics and publications (including Washington Post blogger Alyssa Rosenberg, The New York Times, and Boston Globe critic Ty Burr), and several major film critic societies threatened to disqualify Disney films from their year-end awards in retaliation, Disney stated that the company "had productive discussions with the newly installed leadership at the Los Angeles Times regarding our specific concerns", and had reversed its ban.[81][82][83]
In December 2017, Disney announced plans to purchase 21st Century Fox for $52.4 billion.[84] In preparation for 21st Century Fox asset integration in March 2018, The Disney Company reorganized creating a new segment (Disney Direct-to-Consumer and International), merging two segments and transfer various units to the new segment including Janice Marinelli led Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment from the studio.[85] On June 28, 2018, Disneytoon Studios was shut down.[86][87]
Post-21st Century Fox merger
On October 18, 2018, Disney announced the 21st Century Fox film units that would be added to the Walt Disney Studios following the acquisition with all retaining their leadership except for 20th Century Fox chairman and CEO Stacey Snider, who is not transfering over. 20th Century Fox, Fox Searchlight Pictures and Fox 2000 Pictures will be new units of Walt Disney Studios, and will report directly to chairman Alan Horn. 20th Century Fox Animation and Fox Family will report jointly to Horn and Twentieth Century Fox vice chairman Emma Watts.[88]
Studio structure
| Studio units[89] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Production | Distribution | Disney Music Group | Disney Theatrical Group | Studio Services[90][91] |
Live-action
Animation
|
|
|
|
|
Production
Walt Disney Pictures is a film banner that encompasses the release of its own live-action productions, in addition to films produced by the company's animation studios, mainly Walt Disney Animation Studios and Pixar Animation Studios.[95]Marvel Studios—acquired through Disney's purchase of Marvel Entertainment in 2009—produces superhero films based on Marvel Comics characters, including the Marvel Cinematic Universe franchise. Lucasfilm—acquired by Disney in 2012—develops and produces films including those in the Star Wars and Indiana Jones franchises.[71]Disneynature is an independent film genre label devoted to nature documentary productions.
In 1993, Disney acquired Miramax Films and its Dimension Films genre label, with the former division operating as an autonomous unit until 2009, and the Dimension label becoming absorbed by The Weinstein Company in 2005.[96] By 2009, Miramax was folded into the Walt Disney Studios, and continued to serve as distribution label until it was sold by Disney to Filmyard Holdings in 2010.[97][98][99] From 2007 to 2010, Disney and ImageMovers ran a joint motion capture animation facility; ImageMovers Digital.[100][101]
Distribution
All film productions mentioned above are distributed theatrically by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures and on home media platforms by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment.[102] Another film banner, Touchstone Pictures, released films targeted at more mature adult audiences and was formerly an active production unit from 1983 to 2011.[50] Touchstone then served solely as a distribution label for Disney until 2016, before it was retired by the studio from theatrical distribution; the label continues to be used for home media distribution.
Disney Music Group
Disney Music Group is a music production group led by Ken Bunt, that consists of two record labels—Walt Disney Records and Hollywood Records—and multiple publishing entities that handle Disney's music.
Disney Theatrical Group
Disney Theatrical Group is the division producing live theatrical and stage events. It is currently under the leadership of Thomas Schumacher. The Disney Theatrical Productions division has been responsible for the production of many different musicals, touring events, ice shows and other live theatrical events. Their shows include: Beauty and the Beast, The Lion King, Aida, Tarzan, Mary Poppins, Newsies and numerous incarnations of Disney on Ice.
Former units
Film production
Live-action
Caravan Pictures (1992–1999); production unit create to fill production schedule and was replaced by an outside deal with Spyglass Entertainment.
Hollywood Pictures (1989–2001; 2006–2007); mature production company, then revived as low-budget genre film label.
Touchstone Pictures (1984–2016); inactive.
Miramax Films (1993–2010); sold.
Dimension Films[97]
Animation
Skellington Productions (1986-1996); absorbed into Walt Disney Pictures.
Disney Circle 7 Animation (2004–2006); shut down.- ImageMovers Digital
DisneyToon Studios (2003–2018); transferred from Disney Television Animation and shut down.[86]
Television
Walt Disney Television (production company) – (1983-1986) transfer to Walt Disney Television and Telecommunications; (1996–1999) transfer to Disney Channels Worldwide.
Touchstone Television – transfer to Walt Disney Television and Telecommunications and later renamed as ABC Studios.
Distribution and marketing
- Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group/Walt Disney Motion Pictures Group (1998–c. 2001); umbrella unit for production companies, distribution and marketing.[43][53] (defunct)
Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment; (1978–2018) transfer to Walt Disney Direct-to-Consumer and International.[85]
Other
- Kingdom Comics[56]
The Muppets Studio (2006–2014) transferred from Disney Consumer Products to Special Events Group then back to Disney Consumer Products and Interactive Media.
See also
- ESPN Films
- UTV Motion Pictures
References
^ "The Walt Disney Studios". The Walt Disney Company. Archived from the original on November 5, 2015. Retrieved July 7, 2013..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
^ "Walt Disney Co: Company Description". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved 5 May 2013.
^ ab "Walt Disney Company, Form 10-K, Annual Report, Filing Date Nov 22, 2017". secdatabase.com. Retrieved May 13, 2018.
^ "Motion Picture Association of America – About Us". MPAA. Archived from the original on May 10, 2012. Retrieved May 27, 2012.
^ Gabler, Neal (2007). Walt Disney: The Triumph of the American Imagination. New York: Random House. pp. 276–277. ISBN 0-679-75747-3.
^ "The Walt Disney Company History". Company Profiles. fundinguniverse.com. Archived from the original on October 28, 2012. Retrieved November 6, 2012.
^ "The Best of Walt Disney's True-Life Adventures (1975)". NY Times Movies. New York Times. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 18, 2015.
^ "New York Times: Seal Island". NY Times. Archived from the original on May 20, 2011. Retrieved 2008-05-18.
^ "The Walt Disney Studios". Disney Corporate. The Walt Disney Company. Archived from the original on February 14, 2014. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
^ Fixmer, Fixmer (April 25, 2007). "Disney to Drop Buena Vista Brand Name, People Say (Update1)". bloomberg.com. Archived from the original on January 4, 2014. Retrieved 28 November 2012.
^ Schatz, Tom. "The Studio System and Conglomerate Hollywood" (PDF). The Studio System (PDF). Blackwell Publishing. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 4, 2013.Disney also exploited new technologies and delivery systems, creating synergies that were altogether unique compared to other studios, and that finally enabled the perpetual “mini-major” to ascend to major studio status.
^ "Business Entity Detail: Walt Disney Pictures (search on Entity Number: C1138747)". California Business Search. California Secretary of State. Archived from the original on March 15, 2015. Retrieved March 18, 2015.
^ Harmetz, Aljean (February 16, 1984). "Touchstone Label to Replace Disney Name on Some Films". New York Times. Archived from the original on April 3, 2015. Retrieved March 17, 2015.
^ Weinraub, Bernard (April 9, 1995). "Clouds Over Disneyland". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 31, 2017. Retrieved March 30, 2017.
^ Kunz, William M. (2007). "2". Culture Conglomerates: Consolidation in the Motion Picture and Television Industries. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 42, 45. ISBN 9780742540668. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
^ "BRIEFLY: E. F. Hutton raised $300 million for Disney". Los Angeles Times. February 3, 1987. Archived from the original on May 3, 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2012.
^ "People: Los Angeles County". Los Angeles Times. April 13, 1988. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 17, 2015.
^ Harmetz, Aljean (December 2, 1988). "COMPANY NEWS; Disney Expansion Set; Film Output to Double". New York Times. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 17, 2015.
^ Haitman, Diane (March 30, 1989). "Disney TV Chief Heads Back to Mainstream". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on June 6, 2014. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
^ Aberdeen, J. A. (2005). Hollywood Renegades: The Movie Theater Chains of the Media Giants. Cobblestone Entertainment. Archived from the original on September 23, 2015. Retrieved September 4, 2015.
^ Ridenour, Al (May 2, 2002). "A Chamber of Secrets". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on September 22, 2015. Retrieved September 4, 2015.
^ Fox, David J. (June 19, 1991). "At Age 65, the El Capitan Gets a Major Face Lift". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on December 11, 2015. Retrieved September 7, 2015.
^ "Disney, Japan Investors Join in Partnership : Movies: Group will become main source of finance for all live-action films at the company's three studios". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. October 23, 1990. Archived from the original on September 28, 2013. Retrieved 18 July 2012.
^ "Fox May Lose Chief To Disney". Orlando Sentinel. Los Angeles Times. November 2, 1992. Archived from the original on February 13, 2015. Retrieved March 18, 2015.
^ "Seasoned Performer Takes Lead Studio Role". Orlando Sentinel. Los Angeles Times. August 28, 1994. Archived from the original on February 1, 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
^ Mason, Ian Garrick (October 11, 2004). "When Harvey met Mickey". New Statesman. UK. Archived from the original on March 8, 2007. Retrieved January 11, 2007.
^ Stevenson, Richard W. (March 31, 1992). "New York TV Deal For Disney". New York Times. Archived from the original on November 18, 2015. Retrieved November 17, 2015.
^ Bryant, Adam (May 9, 1992). "COMPANY NEWS; Pinelands, Owner of WWOR-TV, Agrees to Be Acquired". New York Times. Archived from the original on November 18, 2015. Retrieved November 17, 2015.
^ ab Welkos, Robert W.; Bates, James (January 11, 1995). "Disney Live Action Film Chief Quits". Variety. Archived from the original on September 29, 2015. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
^ Weinraub, Bernard (August 25, 1994). "Chairman of Disney Studios Resigns". New York Times. Archived from the original on April 29, 2014. Retrieved April 28, 2014.
^ abc Lyman, Rick (January 13, 2000). "Disney Studio Chairman Decides to Step Down". New York Times. Archived from the original on January 9, 2016. Retrieved August 10, 2015.
^ "Roth, Iger Assume Expanded Responsibilities at the Walt Disney Company". PRNewswire. April 16, 1996. Retrieved 11 March 2013.
^ "Global vision: key BVI territories and the people who keep 'em humming". Film Journal International. July 1, 2003. Archived from the original on September 29, 2015. Retrieved September 11, 2015 – via HighBeam Business.
^ Weiner, Rex (December 2, 1997). "New Epic librarian". Variety. Archived from the original on May 3, 2016. Retrieved June 6, 2016.
^ Peers, Martin; Busch, Anita M.; Fleming, Michael; Weiner, Rex (March 20, 1997). "Mouse House will absorb Cinergi". Variety. Archived from the original on September 29, 2015. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
^ "Beleaguered Cinergi Pictures OKs Management Buyout". Los Angeles Times. AP. September 5, 1997. Archived from the original on September 21, 2015. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
^ Stewart, James (2005). Disney War. New York: Simon and Schuster. p. 301. ISBN 0-684-80993-1.
^ Eller, Clauida (August 21, 1998). "Spyglass Offers Disney Lower-Risk Deals". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 18, 2015.
^ ab Eller, Clauida (May 23, 2000). "Spyglass Hopes for More Good 'Sense' in Future Projects". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 18, 2015.
^ Simonson, Robert (January 12, 1999). "Thomas Schumacher Promoted to Co-President of Disney Theatricals". Playbill. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved July 28, 2015.
^ Hofmeister, Sallie (July 8, 1999). "Disney Plans to Consolidate Two of Its Television Groups". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on October 4, 2013. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
^ Hofmeister, Sallie (July 9, 1999). "Disney Combining Network TV Operations Into One ABC Unit". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on October 5, 2013. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
^ ab Lyman, Rick (June 21, 2001). "Chairman of Disney's Studios Resigns to Return to Broadway". New York Times. Archived from the original on May 27, 2015. Retrieved August 10, 2015.
^ Grover, Ronald (December 5, 2003). "The Nicest Guy in Disney's Jungle". BusinessWeek. Archived from the original on April 17, 2007. Retrieved July 4, 2007.
^ "Admira, Disney form Miravista film company". Telecompaper. 31 January 2002. Archived from the original on January 9, 2016. Retrieved September 11, 2015.
^ Godfrey, Leigh (January 3, 2003). "Disney Streamlines Television Animation Division". AWN News. Archived from the original on November 2, 2012. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
^ Godfrey, Leigh (January 3, 2003). "David Stainton Named President, Disney Feature Animation". AWN News. Archived from the original on October 17, 2013. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
^ Streisand, Betsy (April 1, 2004). "Can Dick Cook Keep Disney Afloat? - April 1, 2004". Business 2.0. Archived from the original on December 23, 2016. Retrieved December 22, 2016.
^ "Schaeffer's Upon Further Review Highlights the Following Stocks: Abbott Laboratories, Bank of America, Knight Capital Group, and Walt Disney". Boston.com. Business Wire News Releases/Schaeffer's Investment Research. July 19, 2006. Archived from the original on January 18, 2013. Retrieved 6 December 2012.
^ ab Siegel, Marc Graser,Tatiana (February 9, 2009). "Disney signs deal with DreamWorks". Variety. Archived from the original on October 8, 2009. Retrieved November 26, 2016.
^ Masters, Kim (20 October 2011). "Kermit as Mogul, Farting Fozzie Bear: How Disney's Muppets Movie Has Purists Rattled". The Hollywood Reporter. pp. 3 of 4. Archived from the original on November 3, 2013. Retrieved 20 August 2013.
^ Fixmer, Andy (April 25, 2007). "Disney to Drop Buena Vista Brand Name, People Say". Bloomberg Television. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved August 8, 2007.
^ ab "Company Overview of Walt Disney Motion Pictures Group, Inc". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved 13 May 2014.Walt Disney Motion Pictures Group, Inc., an entertainment production company, produces and distributes scripts and oversees films for Walt Disney Pictures, Touchstone Pictures, and Hollywood Pictures. The company was formerly known as Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group. The company was founded in 1998 and is based in Burbank, California.
^ Peter Gilstrap; William Triplett (July 25, 2007). "Disney jumps on smoking ban". Variety. Archived from the original on June 30, 2016. Retrieved June 1, 2016.
^ Eller, Claudia; Dawn C. Chmielewski (April 22, 2008). "Disney gets back to nature". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on November 5, 2013. Retrieved October 30, 2013.
^ ab Kit, Borys (May 29, 2008). "Disney draws up plans for graphic novel biz". The Hollywood Reporter. Reuters. Archived from the original on July 2, 2013. Retrieved October 3, 2012.
^ "The Walt Disney Company: 2011 Annual Financial Report" (PDF). The Walt Disney Company. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 25, 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2012. Page 12.
^ Eller, Claudia (February 10, 2009). "DreamWorks gets Disney cash in distribution deal". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on October 12, 2013.
^ Eller, Claudia (October 3, 2009). "Disney to slash Miramax Films staff to 20, reduce releases to 3 a year". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on December 25, 2012. Retrieved 11 February 2013.
^ Lang, Brent (December 3, 2010). "Tutor Gets His Prize as Miramax Deal Closes". The Wrap. Archived from the original on March 26, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2014.
^ McNary, Dave; Dana Harris; Justin Kroll (2009). "Facts on Pacts" (PDF). Variety. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 19, 2013. Retrieved 12 February 2013.
^ Finke, Nikki (September 18, 2009). "EXCLUSIVE! Dick Cook Fired From Disney; Hollywood Registering Shock At News; "Never Saw It Coming" vs "Had A Choice"". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on February 11, 2010. Retrieved September 21, 2016.
^ ab "Shocker! Rich Ross Out at Disney". Deadline Hollywood. Penske Business Media, LLC. April 20, 2012. Archived from the original on December 5, 2016. Retrieved December 22, 2016.
^ "Walt Disney Company, Form 10-Q, Quarterly Report, Filing Date Feb 9, 2010". secdatabase.com. Retrieved May 13, 2018.
^ Kim Masters (October 18, 2010). "Disney to Distribute Marvel's 'The Avengers,' 'Iron Man 3'". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on April 5, 2016. Retrieved October 18, 2010.
^ Lang, Brent; Shaw, Lucas (May 31, 2012). "Disney Chooses Alan Horn as New Studio Chief". The Wrap. Archived from the original on November 3, 2013. Retrieved December 29, 2012.Unlike at say Sony or Fox, power at Disney's studio division is very much diffused over its Marvel and Pixar brands, making the job of studio chief more ringmaster than supreme commander.
^ "The Walt Disney Company India & UTV Join Creative Forces" (Press release). Bangalore, INDIA: The Walt Disney Company (India). Bloomberg. May 19, 2011. Archived from the original on April 24, 2014. Retrieved April 23, 2014.
^ Finke, Nikki (August 23, 2011). "Disney Fires Marvel's Marketing Department". Archived from the original on April 28, 2015. Retrieved June 11, 2015.
^ Palmeri, Christopher (April 19, 2012). "Disney Bets on 'The Avengers' After 'John Carter'". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on June 13, 2015. Retrieved June 11, 2015.
^ "Disney purchases Lucasfilm, announces new Star Wars". 3 News. October 30, 2012. Archived from the original on June 1, 2013. Retrieved October 30, 2012.
^ ab Patten, Dominic (December 4, 2012). "Disney-Lucasfilm Deal Cleared By Feds". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on December 6, 2012. Retrieved December 5, 2012.
^ Crowe, Deborah (December 4, 2012). "Disney, Netflix Sign Distribution Deal". Los Angeles Business Journal. Archived from the original on December 9, 2012. Retrieved 6 December 2012.
^ Barnes, Brooks (April 10, 2013). "Disney Studios Lays Off 150 Employees". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 24, 2013. Retrieved 2013-04-11.
^ Miller, Daniel (5 April 2013). "Walt Disney Co. expected to begin layoffs". The Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on April 22, 2013. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
^ Kroll, Justin (December 6, 2013). "Disney Acquires Rights to Future 'Indiana Jones' Movies". Variety. Retrieved December 6, 2013.
^ Peters, Chris; Sikka, Kanika (March 6, 2014). "Walt Disney, Shanghai Media Group to develop Disney-branded movies". Reuters.com. Thomson Reuters. Archived from the original on August 27, 2015. Retrieved November 30, 2015.
^ Kelley, Seth (March 12, 2015). "Disney CEO to 'Absolutely Prohibit' Smoking in Films Made for Kids". Variety. Archived from the original on June 30, 2016. Retrieved June 1, 2016.
^ Masters, Kim; Belloni, Matthew (August 31, 2015). "Marvel Shake-Up: Film Chief Kevin Feige Breaks Free of CEO Ike Perlmutter (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on September 2, 2015. Retrieved August 31, 2015.
^ Rainey, James (December 30, 2015). "Steven Spielberg Puts His Own Big Bucks Into the New Amblin Partners (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Archived from the original on January 1, 2016. Retrieved January 1, 2016.
^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (December 19, 2016). "Disney, Propelled By 'Rogue One', Becomes First Studio To Cross $7 Billion At Global B.O." Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 20, 2016.
^ Carroll, Rory (2017-11-07). "Disney's blackout of LA Times triggers boycott from media outlets". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2017-11-07.
^ "Why I won't be reviewing 'The Last Jedi,' or any other Disney movie, in advance". Washington Post. Retrieved 2017-11-07.
^ Carroll, Rory (2017-11-07). "Disney ends blackout of LA Times after boycott from media outlets". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2017-11-07.
^ "The Walt Disney Company To Acquire Twenty-First Century Fox, Inc., After Spinoff Of Certain Businesses, For $52.4 Billion In Stock" (Press release). The Walt Disney Company. December 14, 2017. Archived from the original on December 14, 2017. Retrieved December 14, 2017.
^ ab Chmielewski, Dawn C. (March 14, 2018). "Disney Announces Reorganization, Names Kevin Mayer Head Of New Direct-To-Consumer Unit, Adds Consumer Products To Bob Chapek's Portfolio". Deadline. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
^ ab Desowitz, Bill (June 28, 2018). "Disney Shuts Down Disneytoon Studios in Glendale: Exclusive". IndieWire. Retrieved June 28, 2018.
^ Galuppo, Mia (June 29, 2018). "Disney Shuts Down Animation House Disneytoon Studios". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (October 18, 2018). "Disney Finalizes Film Studio Brass Under Alan Horn: Emma Watts Confirmed To Run Fox". Deadline. Retrieved October 22, 2018.
^ "The Walt Disney Studios – Our Businesses". The Walt Disney Company. The Walt Disney Studios. Archived from the original on February 14, 2014. Retrieved May 28, 2012.
^ "The Walt Disney Studios". The Walt Disney Studios.com. The Walt Disney Studios. Archived from the original on May 4, 2012. Retrieved June 2, 2012.
^ "Disney Studios Services". go.com. The Walt Disney Company. Archived from the original on May 25, 2012. Retrieved June 2, 2012.
^ Hughes, Mark (January 7, 2017). "How Disney And Dolby Brought 'Rogue One' To Historic Pantages". Forbes. Archived from the original on January 18, 2017. Retrieved January 17, 2017.Kern is vice president of production and technical services for Walt Disney Studio Special Events, and Rosenberg is director of projection services at Walt Disney Studios.
^ "Feld Entertainment and Disney Live Family Entertainment to Produce a New Series of Live Productions Based on Disney'S Classice Characters". feldentertainment.com. Feld Entertainment. July 29, 2003. Archived from the original on September 7, 2015. Retrieved July 29, 2015.
^ "Disney Digital Studio Services". Disney Digital Studio.com. Disney. Archived from the original on June 23, 2012. Retrieved June 2, 2012.
^ "About The Walt Disney Studios". The Walt Disney Company. The Walt Disney Studios. Archived from the original on January 9, 2014. Retrieved February 17, 2014.
^ Eller, Claudia; Lorenza Munoz (22 February 2005). "Disney's Miramax Unit to Get a Makeover". The Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on September 22, 2013. Retrieved 29 September 2013.
^ ab "The Walt Disney Company: 2011 Annual Financial Report" (PDF). The Walt Disney Company. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 25, 2013. Retrieved December 30, 2012. Page 12
^ "Miramax offices close, Disney says brand continues". Lowell Sun. Associated Press. January 29, 2010. Archived from the original on January 4, 2013.
^ Graser, Marc (January 29, 2010). "Rich Ross reshapes Disney film studios". Variety.
^ "Disney, "Polar Express" director in animation deal". Reuters. February 5, 2007. Retrieved 2010-11-21.
^ Finke, Nikki (March 12, 2010). "Disney Closing Zemeckis' Digital Studio". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on November 25, 2010. Retrieved 2010-11-21.
^ "Company Overview of Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, Inc". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
External links
- Official website
- Disney Studio Services
- Disney Digital Studio Services
- History of The Walt Disney Studios