Amyntas Nikator

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Amyntas

Amyntas young portrait.jpg
Portrait of young Amyntas


Indo-Greek king
Reign95–90 BCE


Coin of Amyntas.




Coin of Amyntas Nikator. Obv: Bust of king. Rev: Seated Zeus.




Indian-standard coin of Amyntas, with Zeus-Mitra wearing a Phrygian cap.


Amyntas Nikator (Greek: Ἀμύντας ὁ Νικάτωρ; epithet means "the Conqueror") was an Indo-Greek king. His coins have been found both in eastern Punjab and Afghanistan, indicating that he ruled a considerable territory.




Contents





  • 1 Time of reign


  • 2 Coinage


  • 3 Overstrikes


  • 4 See also


  • 5 Notes


  • 6 References


  • 7 External links




Time of reign


Bopearachchi places Amyntas c. 95–90 BCE, whereas Senior places him c. 80–65 BCE.



Coinage


Amyntas struck bilingual silver coins with a variety of portraits. Most of these bear the reverse of sitting Zeus holding a victory palm and a small statue of Athena, which according to RC Senior may have indicated an alliance between the house of Menander I and the house of Antialcidas. Some of his coins feature the reverse of fighting Athena typical for Menander's descendants. The epithet Nikator (Victor) was previously only used on the Bactrian coins of Agathocles, a century before Amyntas' reign.


His bronzes feature the syncretic deity Zeus-Mithra wearing a phrygian cap and Athena standing at rest, both forming the vitarka mudra.


Amyntas also minted some spectacular Attic coins, the largest silver coins of Antiquity: double-decadrachms, of a weight of 85g. These huge coins were found on the archeological site of Qunduz in Afghanistan.
Some of these coins use his ordinary Zeus reverse, but some of them used Tyche in an identical position.



Overstrikes


Amyntas is known to have overstruck coins of Heliokles II [1].




























































































































































Greco-Bactrian and Indo-Greek kings, territories and chronology
Based on Bopearachchi (1991)[1]


Greco-Bactrian kings

Indo-Greek kings
Territories/
dates
West Bactria
East Bactria

Paropamisade
ArachosiaGandharaWestern PunjabEastern Punjab
Mathura[2]
326-325 BCE

Campaigns of Alexander the Great in India

Nanda Empire
312 BCE
Creation of the Seleucid Empire
Creation of the Maurya Empire
305 BCE

Seleucid Empire after Mauryan war

Maurya Empire
280 BCE
Foundation of Ai-Khanoum

255–239 BCE
Independence of the
Greco-Bactrian kingdom
Diodotus I
Emperor Ashoka (268-232)
239–223 BCE

Diodotus II

230–200 BCE

Euthydemus I

200–190 BCE

Demetrius I

Sunga Empire
190-185 BCE

Euthydemus II

190–180 BCE

Agathocles

Pantaleon

185–170 BCE

Antimachus I

180–160 BCE


Apollodotus I

175–170 BCE

Demetrius II

160–155 BCE


Antimachus II

170–145 BCE

Eucratides I

155–130 BCE

Yuezhi occupation,
loss of Ai-Khanoum


Eucratides II
Plato
Heliocles I

Menander I
130–120 BCE

Yuezhi occupation

Zoilos I

Agathokleia


Yavanarajya
inscription
120–110 BCE


Lysias

Strato I
110–100 BCE


Antialcidas

Heliokles II
100 BCE


Polyxenos

Demetrius III
100–95 BCE


Philoxenus
95–90 BCE


Diomedes

Amyntas

Epander
90 BCE


Theophilos

Peukolaos

Thraso
90–85 BCE


Nicias

Menander II

Artemidoros
90–70 BCE


Hermaeus

Archebius



Yuezhi occupation

Maues (Indo-Scythian)

75–70 BCE



Vonones

Telephos

Apollodotus II

65–55 BCE



Spalirises

Hippostratos

Dionysios

55–35 BCE



Azes I (Indo-Scythians)

Zoilos II

55–35 BCE



Vijayamitra/ Azilises

Apollophanes

25 BCE – 10 CE



Gondophares

Zeionises

Kharahostes

Strato II
Strato III





Gondophares (Indo-Parthian)

Rajuvula (Indo-Scythian)



Kujula Kadphises (Kushan Empire)

Bhadayasa
(Indo-Scythian)


Sodasa
(Indo-Scythian)




See also


  • Greco-Bactrian Kingdom

  • Seleucid Empire

  • Greco-Buddhism

  • Indo-Scythians

  • Indo-Parthian Kingdom

  • Kushan Empire


Notes



  1. ^ Bopearachchi, "De l'Indus à l'Oxus", p129


References



  • Tarn, W. W. (1984). The Greeks in Bactria and India. Chicago: Ares. ISBN 0-89005-524-6..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em


  • Narain, A.K. The Coin Types of the Indo-Greek Kings, 256-54 B.C.


  • Bopearachchi, Osmund (2003). De l'Indus à l'Oxus, Archéologie de l'Asie Centrale (in French). Lattes: Association imago-musée de Lattes. ISBN 2-9516679-2-2.


External links


  • Coins of Amyntas


  1. ^ O. Bopearachchi, "Monnaies gréco-bactriennes et indo-grecques, Catalogue raisonné", Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris, 1991, p.453


  2. ^ History of Early Stone Sculpture at Mathura: Ca. 150 BCE - 100 CE, Sonya Rhie Quintanilla, BRILL, 2007, p.9 [2]







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