71st United States Congress

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71st United States Congress


70th ←

→ 72nd


USCapitol1906.jpg

United States Capitol (1906)

March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1931
Senate President
Charles Curtis (R)
Senate Pres. pro tem
George H. Moses (R)
House Speaker
Nicholas Longworth (R)
Members96 senators
435 representatives
5 non-voting delegates
Senate MajorityRepublican
House MajorityRepublican
Sessions

Special: March 4, 1929 – March 5, 1929
1st: April 15, 1929 – November 22, 1929
2nd: December 2, 1929 – July 3, 1930
Special: July 7, 1930 – July 21, 1930
3rd: December 1, 1930 – March 3, 1931

The Seventy-first United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1929, to March 4, 1931, during the first two years of Herbert Hoover's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Thirteenth Decennial Census of the United States in 1910. Both chambers had a Republican majority. This congress saw the most special elections of any congress with 27 in all.





Contents





  • 1 Major events


  • 2 Major legislation


  • 3 Party summary

    • 3.1 Senate


    • 3.2 House of Representatives



  • 4 Leadership

    • 4.1 Senate


    • 4.2 House of Representatives



  • 5 Members

    • 5.1 Senate

      • 5.1.1 Alabama


      • 5.1.2 Arizona


      • 5.1.3 Arkansas


      • 5.1.4 California


      • 5.1.5 Colorado


      • 5.1.6 Connecticut


      • 5.1.7 Delaware


      • 5.1.8 Florida


      • 5.1.9 Georgia


      • 5.1.10 Idaho


      • 5.1.11 Illinois


      • 5.1.12 Indiana


      • 5.1.13 Iowa


      • 5.1.14 Kansas


      • 5.1.15 Kentucky


      • 5.1.16 Louisiana


      • 5.1.17 Maine


      • 5.1.18 Maryland


      • 5.1.19 Massachusetts


      • 5.1.20 Michigan


      • 5.1.21 Minnesota


      • 5.1.22 Mississippi


      • 5.1.23 Missouri


      • 5.1.24 Montana


      • 5.1.25 Nebraska


      • 5.1.26 Nevada


      • 5.1.27 New Hampshire


      • 5.1.28 New Jersey


      • 5.1.29 New Mexico


      • 5.1.30 New York


      • 5.1.31 North Carolina


      • 5.1.32 North Dakota


      • 5.1.33 Ohio


      • 5.1.34 Oklahoma


      • 5.1.35 Oregon


      • 5.1.36 Pennsylvania


      • 5.1.37 Rhode Island


      • 5.1.38 South Carolina


      • 5.1.39 South Dakota


      • 5.1.40 Tennessee


      • 5.1.41 Texas


      • 5.1.42 Utah


      • 5.1.43 Vermont


      • 5.1.44 Virginia


      • 5.1.45 Washington


      • 5.1.46 West Virginia


      • 5.1.47 Wisconsin


      • 5.1.48 Wyoming



    • 5.2 House of Representatives

      • 5.2.1 Alabama


      • 5.2.2 Arizona


      • 5.2.3 Arkansas


      • 5.2.4 California


      • 5.2.5 Colorado


      • 5.2.6 Connecticut


      • 5.2.7 Delaware


      • 5.2.8 Florida


      • 5.2.9 Georgia


      • 5.2.10 Idaho


      • 5.2.11 Illinois


      • 5.2.12 Indiana


      • 5.2.13 Iowa


      • 5.2.14 Kansas


      • 5.2.15 Kentucky


      • 5.2.16 Louisiana


      • 5.2.17 Maine


      • 5.2.18 Maryland


      • 5.2.19 Massachusetts


      • 5.2.20 Michigan


      • 5.2.21 Minnesota


      • 5.2.22 Mississippi


      • 5.2.23 Missouri


      • 5.2.24 Montana


      • 5.2.25 Nebraska


      • 5.2.26 Nevada


      • 5.2.27 New Hampshire


      • 5.2.28 New Jersey


      • 5.2.29 New Mexico


      • 5.2.30 New York


      • 5.2.31 North Carolina


      • 5.2.32 North Dakota


      • 5.2.33 Ohio


      • 5.2.34 Oklahoma


      • 5.2.35 Oregon


      • 5.2.36 Pennsylvania


      • 5.2.37 Rhode Island


      • 5.2.38 South Carolina


      • 5.2.39 South Dakota


      • 5.2.40 Tennessee


      • 5.2.41 Texas


      • 5.2.42 Utah


      • 5.2.43 Vermont


      • 5.2.44 Virginia


      • 5.2.45 Washington


      • 5.2.46 West Virginia


      • 5.2.47 Wisconsin


      • 5.2.48 Wyoming


      • 5.2.49 Non-voting members




  • 6 Changes in membership

    • 6.1 Senate


    • 6.2 House of Representatives



  • 7 Committees

    • 7.1 Senate


    • 7.2 House of Representatives


    • 7.3 Joint committees



  • 8 Caucuses


  • 9 Officers

    • 9.1 Senate


    • 9.2 House of Representatives



  • 10 See also


  • 11 Notes


  • 12 References


  • 13 External links




Major events



  • March 4, 1929: Herbert C. Hoover became President of the United States

  • October 24, 1929 – October 29, 1929: Wall Street Crash of 1929: Three multi-digit percentage drops wipe out more than $30 billion from the New York Stock Exchange (3 times greater than the annual budget of the federal government).

  • October 25, 1929: Former U.S. Interior Secretary Albert B. Fall is convicted of bribery for his role in the Teapot Dome scandal, becoming the first Presidential cabinet member to go to prison for actions in office.


Major legislation



  • June 15, 1929: Agriculture Marketing Act, ch. 24, 46 Stat. 11

  • June 18, 1929: Reapportionment Act of 1929, ch. 28, 46 Stat. 21

  • June 17, 1930: Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act, ch. 497, 46 Stat. 590, (including: Title III, Plant Patent Act, 46 Stat. 703)

  • March 3, 1931: Davis–Bacon Act, ch. 411, 46 Stat. 1494


Party summary




Map showing Senate party membership at the start of the 71st Congress.


The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.



Senate




















































Party
(shading shows control)
Total
Vacant

Democratic
(D)

Farmer-Labor
(FL)

Republican
(R)
End of the previous congress

45

1

50
96
0

Begin

39

1

55

95
1
End 41 54 960
Final voting share 7001427000000000000♠42.7% 7000100000000000000♠1.0% 7001563000000000000♠56.3%
Beginning of the next congress

47

1

48
96
0


House of Representatives


















































Party
(shading shows control)
Total
Vacant

Democratic
(D)

Farmer–Labor
(FL)

Republican
(R)
End of the previous congress

203

5

219
427
7

Begin

164

1

270

435
0
End 165 269
Final voting share 7001379000000000000♠37.9% 6999200000000000000♠0.2% 7001618000000000000♠61.8%
Beginning of the next congress

215

1

218
434
1


Leadership



Senate




President of the Senate
Charles Curtis




President pro tempore of the Senate
George H. Moses



  • President: Charles Curtis (R)


  • President pro tempore: George H. Moses (R)


  • Majority leader: James E. Watson (R)


  • Minority leader: Joseph T. Robinson (D)


  • Majority whip: Simeon D. Fess (R)


  • Minority whip: Morris Sheppard (D)


  • Republican Conference Secretary: Frederick Hale (R)


  • Democratic Caucus Secretary: Hugo Black (D)


House of Representatives



  • Speaker: Nicholas Longworth (R)


  • Majority leader: John Q. Tilson (R)


  • Minority leader: John N. Garner (D)


  • Minority Whip: Albert Henry Vestal (R)


  • Minority Whip: John McDuffie (D)


  • Republican Conference Chair: Willis C. Hawley


  • Democratic Caucus Chairman: David Hayes Kincheloe


  • Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Joseph W. Byrns Sr.


Members


This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.



Senate


Senators were elected every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1934; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1930; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1932.










House of Representatives


The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their districts.










Changes in membership


The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.



Senate


  • replacements: 9

    • Democratic: 1-seat net gain


    • Republican: 1-seat net loss


  • Deaths: 5

  • Resignations: 3

  • Interim appointments: 6

  • Total seats with changes: 9

















































































State
Senator
Reason for Vacancy
Successor
Date of Successor's Installation

Kansas
(3)
Vacant

Charles Curtis (R) had resigned at end of previous congress to become Vice President of the United States.
Successor appointed April 1, 1929, to continue the term.

Henry J. Allen (R)
April 1, 1929

Pennsylvania
(3)
Vacant
Sen.-elect William S. Vare (R) was apparently elected but vote was never certified by the Governor due to election irregularities. The Senate refused to qualify him and he was formally unseated December 9, 1929.
Successor appointed December 11, 1929.
Successor later lost nomination to finish the term, see below.

Joseph R. Grundy (R)
December 11, 1929

Tennessee
(2)

Lawrence Tyson (D)
Died August 24, 1929.
Successor appointed September 2, 1929, to continue the term.
Successor was also later elected November 4, 1930, to finish the term.[2]

William E. Brock (D)
September 2, 1929

Ohio
(3)

Theodore E. Burton (R)
Died October 28, 1929.
Successor appointed November 5, 1929, to continue the term.
Successor later lost election to finish the term, see below.

Roscoe C. McCulloch (R)
November 5, 1929

New Jersey
(2)

Walter E. Edge (R)
Resigned November 21, 1929, to become U.S. Ambassador to France.
Successor appointed November 30, 1929, to continue the term.
Successor later did not run to finish the term, see below.

David Baird, Jr. (R)
November 30, 1929

Wyoming
(2)

Francis E. Warren (R)
Died November 24, 1929.
Successor appointed December 5, 1929.
Successor later did not run to finish the term, see below.

Patrick J. Sullivan (R)
December 5, 1929

Kentucky
(2)

Frederic M. Sackett (R)
Resigned January 9, 1930, to become U.S. Ambassador to Germany.
Successor appointed January 11, 1930, to continue the term.
Successor later lost election to finish the term, see below.

John M. Robsion (R)
January 11, 1930

Wyoming
(2)

Patrick Joseph Sullivan (R)
Interim appointee did not run to finish the term.
Successor elected November 4, 1930.

Robert D. Carey (R)
December 1, 1930

Kansas
(3)

Henry J. Allen (R)
Interim appointee lost election to finish the term.
Successor elected November 4, 1930.

George McGill (D)
December 1, 1930

Kentucky
(2)

John M. Robsion (R)
Interim appointee lost election to finish the term.
Successor elected November 4, 1930.

Ben M. Williamson (D)
December 1, 1930

Ohio
(3)

Roscoe C. McCulloch (R)
Interim appointee lost election to finish the term.
Successor elected November 4, 1930.

Robert J. Bulkley (D)
December 1, 1930

Pennsylvania
(3)

Joseph R. Grundy (R)
Interim appointee lost nomination to finish the term.
Successor elected November 4, 1930.

James J. Davis (R)
December 2, 1930

New Jersey
(2)

David Baird, Jr. (R)
Interim appointee did not run to finish the term.
Successor elected November 4, 1930.

Dwight Morrow (R)
December 3, 1930

North Carolina
(3)

Lee S. Overman (D)
Died December 12, 1930.
Successor appointed December 13, 1930, to continue the term.
Successor later lost election to finish the term, see (72nd United States Congress).

Cameron A. Morrison (D)
December 13, 1930

Vermont
(1)

Frank L. Greene (R)
Died December 17, 1930.
Successor appointed December 23, 1930, to continue the term.
Successor later lost nomination to finish the term, see (72nd United States Congress).

Frank C. Partridge (R)
December 23, 1930


House of Representatives


  • replacements: 27

    • Democratic: 4 seat net gain


    • Republican: 3 seat net loss


  • deaths: 25

  • resignations: 6

  • contested election: 1

  • Total seats with changes: 32

























































































































































District
Vacator
Reason for Vacancy
Successor


New York 21st
Vacant
Rep. Royal H. Weller died during previous congress

Joseph A. Gavagan (D)
November 5, 1929

Illinois 15th
Vacant
Rep. Edward J. King died in previous congress

Burnett M. Chiperfield (R)
November 4, 1930

Kentucky 3rd

Charles W. Roark (R)
Died April 5, 1929

John W. Moore (D)
June 1, 1929

Louisiana 3rd

Whitmell P. Martin (D)
Died April 6, 1929

Numa F. Montet (D)
August 6, 1929

Pennsylvania 12th

John J. Casey (D)
Died May 5, 1929

Charles M. Turpin (R)
June 1, 1929

Minnesota 5th

Walter Newton (R)
Resigned June 30, 1929, after being appointed secretary to President Herbert Hoover

William I. Nolan (R)
July 17, 1929

Georgia 5th

Leslie J. Steele (D)
Died July 24, 1929

Robert Ramspeck (D)
October 2, 1929

Minnesota 7th

Ole J. Kvale (FL)
Died September 11, 1929

Paul J. Kvale (FL)
October 16, 1929

New York 18th

John F. Carew (D)
Resigned December 28, 1929, after being appointed a justice to the New York Supreme Court

Martin J. Kennedy (D)
April 11, 1930

Illinois 24th

Thomas S. Williams (R)
Resigned November 11, 1929, after being appointed to the United States Court of Claims

Claude V. Parsons (D)
November 4, 1930

Pennsylvania 10th

William W. Griest (R)
Died December 5, 1929

J. Roland Kinzer (R)
January 28, 1930

Massachusetts 2nd

Will Kirk Kaynor (R)
Died December 20, 1929

William J. Granfield (D)
February 17, 1930

Utah 2nd

Elmer O. Leatherwood (R)
Died December 24, 1929

Frederick C. Loofbourow (R)
November 4, 1930

Kentucky 11th

John M. Robsion (R)
Resigned January 10, 1930, after being appointed to the U.S. Senate

Charles Finley (R)
February 15, 1930

Texas 14th

Augustus McCloskey (D)
Lost contested election February 10, 1930

Harry M. Wurzbach (R)
February 10, 1930

West Virginia 4th

James A. Hughes (R)
Died March 2, 1930

Robert L. Hogg (R)
November 4, 1930

Connecticut 5th

James P. Glynn (R)
Died March 6, 1930

Edward W. Goss (R)
November 4, 1930

Texas 17th

Robert Q. Lee (D)
Died April 18, 1930

Thomas L. Blanton (D)
May 20, 1930

Rhode Island 3rd

Jeremiah E. O'Connell (D)
Resigned May 9, 1930, after being appointed a justice to the Rhode Island Superior Court

Francis Condon (D)
November 4, 1930

Wisconsin 6th

Florian Lampert (R)
Died July 18, 1930

Michael Reilly (D)
November 4, 1930

Pennsylvania 32nd

Edgar R. Kiess (R)
Died July 20, 1930

Robert F. Rich (R)
November 4, 1930

Pennsylvania 16th

Stephen G. Porter (R)
Died June 27, 1930

Edmund F. Erk (R)
November 4, 1930

North Carolina 5th

Charles M. Stedman (D)
Died September 23, 1930

Franklin W. Hancock, Jr. (D)
November 4, 1930

North Carolina 7th

William C. Hammer (D)
Died September 26, 1930

Hinton James (D)
November 4, 1930

Kentucky 2nd

David H. Kincheloe (D)
Resigned October 5, 1930, after being appointed to the United States Customs Court

John L. Dorsey, Jr. (D)
November 4, 1930

California 3rd

Charles F. Curry (R)
Died October 10, 1930
Seat remained vacant until next Congress

Arkansas 4th

Otis Wingo (D)
Died October 21, 1930

Effiegene Locke Wingo (D)
November 4, 1930

New York 7th

John Quayle (D)
Died November 27, 1930
Seat remained vacant until next Congress

New York 9th

David J. O'Connell (D)
Died December 29, 1930

Stephen A. Rudd (D)
February 17, 1931

Wisconsin 1st

Henry A. Cooper (R)
Died March 1, 1931
Seat remained vacant until next Congress


Committees


Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link, in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.









Joint committees



  • Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)

  • Disposition of (Useless) Executive Papers

  • Investigate Control of Aircraft for Seacoast Defense

  • Taxation


Caucuses



  • Democratic (House)


  • Democratic (Senate)


Officers



  • Architect of the Capitol: David Lynn


  • Attending Physician of the United States Congress: George Calver


  • Comptroller General of the United States: John R. McCarl


  • Librarian of Congress: Herbert Putnam


  • Public Printer of the United States: George H. Carter


Senate



  • Secretary: Edwin P. Thayer


  • Sergeant at Arms: David S. Barry


  • Chaplain: ZeBarney T. Phillips (Episcopalian)


  • Democratic Party Secretary: Edwin A. Halsey


  • Republican Party Secretary: Carl A. Loeffler


House of Representatives



  • Clerk: William T. Page


  • Sergeant at Arms: Joseph G. Rodgers


  • Doorkeeper: Bert W. Kennedy


  • Postmaster: Frank W. Collier


  • Parliamentarian: Lewis Deschler


  • Reading Clerks: Patrick Joseph Haltigan (D) and N/A (R)


  • Chaplain: James S. Montgomery (Methodist)


See also



  • United States elections, 1928 (elections leading to this Congress)
    • United States presidential election, 1928

    • United States Senate elections, 1928

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1928



  • United States elections, 1930 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
    • United States Senate elections, 1930

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1930



Notes




  1. ^ William S. Vare (R-PA) had been elected to the Senate for the term starting March 4, 1927, but the Senate had refused to qualify him due to charges of corruption and fraud concerning his election. The Senate finally unseated him on December 9, 1929. See http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=V000071


  2. ^ Byrd, p. 171.




References



  • Byrd, Robert C. (October 1, 1993). Wolff, Wendy, ed. The Senate, 1789-1989: Historical Statistics, 1789-1992. United States Senate Historical Office (volume 4 Bicentennial ed.). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em

  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.


  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.


External links


  • Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress

  • U.S. House of Representatives: House History

  • U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 71st Congress, 1st Session.


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 71st Congress, 2nd Session.


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 71st Congress, 2nd Session (Revision).


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 71st Congress, 3rd Session.


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 71st Congress, 3rd Session (Revision).







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