59th United States Congress

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59th United States Congress


58th ←

→ 60th


USCapitol1906.jpg

United States Capitol (1906)

March 4, 1905 – March 4, 1907
Senate President
Charles W. Fairbanks (R)
Senate Pres. pro tem
William P. Frye (R)
House Speaker
Joseph G. Cannon (R)
Members90 senators
386 representatives
6 non-voting delegates
Senate MajorityRepublican
House MajorityRepublican
Sessions

Special: March 4, 1905 – March 18, 1905
1st: December 4, 1905 – June 30, 1906
2nd: December 3, 1906 – March 3, 1907

The Fifty-ninth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1905, to March 4, 1907, during the fifth and sixth years of Theodore Roosevelt's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Twelfth Census of the United States in 1900. Both chambers had a Republican majority.





Contents





  • 1 Major events


  • 2 Major legislation


  • 3 Party summary

    • 3.1 Senate


    • 3.2 House of Representatives



  • 4 Leaders

    • 4.1 Senate


    • 4.2 House of Representatives

      • 4.2.1 Majority (Republican) leadership


      • 4.2.2 Minority (Democratic) leadership




  • 5 Members

    • 5.1 Senate

      • 5.1.1 Alabama


      • 5.1.2 Arkansas


      • 5.1.3 California


      • 5.1.4 Colorado


      • 5.1.5 Connecticut


      • 5.1.6 Delaware


      • 5.1.7 Florida


      • 5.1.8 Georgia


      • 5.1.9 Idaho


      • 5.1.10 Illinois


      • 5.1.11 Indiana


      • 5.1.12 Iowa


      • 5.1.13 Kansas


      • 5.1.14 Kentucky


      • 5.1.15 Louisiana


      • 5.1.16 Maine


      • 5.1.17 Maryland


      • 5.1.18 Massachusetts


      • 5.1.19 Michigan


      • 5.1.20 Minnesota


      • 5.1.21 Mississippi


      • 5.1.22 Missouri


      • 5.1.23 Montana


      • 5.1.24 Nebraska


      • 5.1.25 Nevada


      • 5.1.26 New Hampshire


      • 5.1.27 New Jersey


      • 5.1.28 New York


      • 5.1.29 North Carolina


      • 5.1.30 North Dakota


      • 5.1.31 Ohio


      • 5.1.32 Oregon


      • 5.1.33 Pennsylvania


      • 5.1.34 Rhode Island


      • 5.1.35 South Carolina


      • 5.1.36 South Dakota


      • 5.1.37 Tennessee


      • 5.1.38 Texas


      • 5.1.39 Utah


      • 5.1.40 Vermont


      • 5.1.41 Virginia


      • 5.1.42 Washington


      • 5.1.43 West Virginia


      • 5.1.44 Wisconsin


      • 5.1.45 Wyoming



    • 5.2 House of Representatives

      • 5.2.1 Alabama


      • 5.2.2 Arkansas


      • 5.2.3 California


      • 5.2.4 Colorado


      • 5.2.5 Connecticut


      • 5.2.6 Delaware


      • 5.2.7 Florida


      • 5.2.8 Georgia


      • 5.2.9 Idaho


      • 5.2.10 Illinois


      • 5.2.11 Indiana


      • 5.2.12 Iowa


      • 5.2.13 Kansas


      • 5.2.14 Kentucky


      • 5.2.15 Louisiana


      • 5.2.16 Maine


      • 5.2.17 Maryland


      • 5.2.18 Massachusetts


      • 5.2.19 Michigan


      • 5.2.20 Minnesota


      • 5.2.21 Mississippi


      • 5.2.22 Missouri


      • 5.2.23 Montana


      • 5.2.24 Nebraska


      • 5.2.25 Nevada


      • 5.2.26 New Hampshire


      • 5.2.27 New Jersey


      • 5.2.28 New York


      • 5.2.29 North Carolina


      • 5.2.30 North Dakota


      • 5.2.31 Ohio


      • 5.2.32 Oregon


      • 5.2.33 Pennsylvania


      • 5.2.34 Rhode Island


      • 5.2.35 South Carolina


      • 5.2.36 South Dakota


      • 5.2.37 Tennessee


      • 5.2.38 Texas


      • 5.2.39 Utah


      • 5.2.40 Vermont


      • 5.2.41 Virginia


      • 5.2.42 Washington


      • 5.2.43 West Virginia


      • 5.2.44 Wisconsin


      • 5.2.45 Wyoming


      • 5.2.46 Non-voting members




  • 6 Changes in membership

    • 6.1 Senate


    • 6.2 House of Representatives



  • 7 Committees

    • 7.1 Senate


    • 7.2 House of Representatives


    • 7.3 Joint committees



  • 8 Caucuses


  • 9 Employees

    • 9.1 Senate


    • 9.2 House of Representatives



  • 10 See also


  • 11 References




Major events



  • March 4, 1905: President Theodore Roosevelt began his second (only full) term.


Major legislation



  • June 8, 1906: Antiquities Act

  • June 29, 1906: Hepburn Act

  • June 30, 1906: Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 (Wiley Act), ch. 3915, 34 Stat. 768

  • June 30, 1906: Meat Inspection Act (Beveridge Act)

  • 1906: The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching chartered.[1]

  • March 2, 1907: Expatriation Act of 1907, 34 Stat. 1228



Senate composition by party at the start of the 59th Congress



Party summary



Senate
















































Party
(shading shows control)
Total
Vacant

Democratic
(D)

Republican
(R)
End of the previous congress

33

56
89
1

Begin

32

56

88
2
End 58 900
Final voting share 7001356000000000000♠35.6% 7001644000000000000♠64.4%
Beginning of the next congress

29

61
90
0


House of Representatives



  • Republican (R): 251 (majority)


  • Democratic (D): 135

TOTAL: 386




President of the Senate
Charles W. Fairbanks



Leaders



Senate



  • President: Charles W. Fairbanks (R)


  • President pro tempore: William P. Frye (R)


  • Republican Conference Chairman: William B. Allison


  • Democratic Caucus Chair: Arthur Pue Gorman, until June 4, 1906

    • Joseph Clay Stiles Blackburn, afterwards


  • Democratic Caucus Secretary: Edward W. Carmack


House of Representatives



  • Speaker: Joseph G. Cannon (R)


Majority (Republican) leadership



  • Majority Leader: Sereno E. Payne


  • Majority Whip: James E. Watson


  • Republican Conference Chair: William Peters Hepburn


Minority (Democratic) leadership



  • Minority Leader: John Sharp Williams


  • Minority Whip: James T. Lloyd


  • Democratic Caucus Chairman: Robert Lee Henry


  • Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: James M. Griggs


Members


This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and Representatives are listed by district.


Skip to House of Representatives, below


Senate


At this time, Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1906; Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1908; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1910.









House of Representatives










Changes in membership


The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.



Senate


  • replacements: 8

    • Democratic: no net change


    • Republican: no net change


  • deaths: 5

  • resignations: 1

  • vacancy: 2


  • Total seats with changes: 9
























































State
(class)
Vacator
Reason for vacancy
Subsequent
Date of successor's installation

Missouri
(1)
Vacant
Elected to fill vacancy in term.

William Warner (R)
March 18, 1905

Delaware
(1)
Vacant
Elected to fill vacancy in term.

Henry A. du Pont (R)
June 13, 1906

Tennessee
(1)

William B. Bate (D)
Died March 9, 1905. Successor was elected.

James B. Frazier (D)
March 21, 1905

Connecticut
(3)

Orville H. Platt (R)
Died April 21, 1905. Successor was appointed and subsequently elected.

Frank B. Brandegee (R)
May 10, 1905

Oregon
(2)

John H. Mitchell (R)
Died December 8, 1905. Successor was appointed.

John M. Gearin (D)
December 13, 1905

Kansas
(2)

Joseph R. Burton (R)
Resigned June 4, 1906, due to a conviction of corruption charges. Successor was appointed.

Alfred W. Benson (R)
June 11, 1906

Maryland
(2)

Arthur P. Gorman (D)
Died June 4, 1906. Successor was appointed.

William P. Whyte (D)
June 8, 1906

Oregon
(2)

John M. Gearin (D)
Successor was elected.

Frederick W. Mulkey (R)
January 23, 1907

Michigan
(2)

Russell A. Alger (R)
Died January 24, 1907. Successor was elected.

William A. Smith (R)
February 6, 1907

Kansas
(2)

Alfred W. Benson (R)
Successor was elected.

Charles Curtis (R)
January 29, 1907


House of Representatives


  • replacements: 17

    • Democratic: no net change


    • Republican: no net change


  • deaths: 12

  • resignations: 11

  • contested elections: 1

  • new seats: 1


  • Total seats with changes: 26

































































































































District
Previous
Reason for change
Subsequent
Date of successor's installation

Indiana 1st
Vacant
Rep. James A. Hemenway resigned during previous congress

John H. Foster (R)
May 16, 1905

Nebraska 1st

Elmer Burkett (R)
Resigned March 4, 1905, after being elected to the U.S. Senate

Ernest M. Pollard (R)
July 18, 1905

West Virginia 2nd

Alston G. Dayton (R)
Resigned March 16, 1905, after being appointed judge for the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia

Thomas B. Davis (D)
June 6, 1905

Texas 8th

John M. Pinckney (D)
Died April 24, 1905

John M. Moore (D)
June 6, 1905

Connecticut 3rd

Frank B. Brandegee (R)
Resigned May 10, 1905, after being elected to the U.S. Senate

Edwin W. Higgins (R)
October 2, 1905

Illinois 14th

Benjamin F. Marsh (R)
Died June 2, 1905

James McKinney (R)
November 7, 1905

California 1st

James Gillett (R)
Resigned January 4, 1906, after being elected Governor of California

William F. Englebright (R)
November 6, 1906

Virginia 5th

Claude A. Swanson (D)
Resigned January 30, 1906, after being elected Governor of Virginia

Edward W. Saunders (D)
November 6, 1906

Pennsylvania 3rd

George A. Castor (R)
Died February 19, 1906

J. Hampton Moore (R)
November 6, 1906

Pennsylvania 12th

George R. Patterson (R)
Died March 21, 1906

Charles N. Brumm (R)
November 6, 1906

Pennsylvania 2nd

Robert Adams Jr. (R)
Died June 1, 1906

John E. Reyburn (R)
November 6, 1906

Georgia 1st

Rufus E. Lester (D)
Died June 16, 1906

James W. Overstreet (D)
October 3, 1906

Missouri 12th

Ernest E. Wood (D)
Lost contested election June 23, 1906

Harry M. Coudrey (R)
June 23, 1906

Wisconsin 2nd

Henry C. Adams (R)
Died July 9, 1906

John M. Nelson (R)
September 4, 1906

New York 8th

Timothy Sullivan (D)
Resigned July 27, 1906

Daniel J. Riordan (D)
November 6, 1906

Illinois 13th

Robert R. Hitt (R)
Died September 20, 1906

Frank O. Lowden (R)
November 6, 1906

Massachusetts 3rd

Rockwood Hoar (R)
Died November 1, 1906

Charles G. Washburn (R)
December 18, 1906

New York 21st

John H. Ketcham (R)
Died November 4, 1906
Seat remained vacant until next Congress

Tennessee 10th

Malcolm R. Patterson (D)
Resigned November 5, 1906, after being elected Governor of Tennessee
Seat remained vacant until next Congress

Indiana 12th

Newton W. Gilbert (R)
Resigned November 6, 1906, after being appointed judge of the court of first instance at Manila, Philippines

Clarence C. Gilhams (R)
November 6, 1906

District of Alaska
New seat
New delegate seat December 3, 1906

Frank H. Waskey (D)
December 3, 1906

Arkansas 4th

John S. Little (D)
Resigned January 14, 1907, after being elected Governor of Arkansas
Seat remained vacant until next Congress

Kansas 1st

Charles Curtis (R)
Resigned January 28, 1907, after being elected to the U.S. Senate
Seat remained vacant until next Congress

New York 26th

William H. Flack (R)
Died February 2, 1907
Seat remained vacant until next Congress

Virginia 8th

John F. Rixey (D)
Died February 8, 1907
Seat remained vacant until next Congress

Michigan 5th

William Alden Smith (R)
Resigned February 9, 1907, after being elected to the U.S. Senate
Seat remained vacant until next Congress


Committees


Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (5 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.



Senate



  • Additional Accommodations for the Library of Congress (Select)

  • Agriculture and Forestry

  • Appropriations

  • Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate

  • Canadian Relations

  • Census

  • Civil Service and Retrenchment

  • Claims

  • Coast and Insular Survey

  • Coast Defenses

  • Commerce

  • Corporations Organized in the District of Columbia

  • Cuban Relations


  • Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)

  • District of Columbia

  • Education and Labor

  • Engrossed Bills

  • Enrolled Bills


  • Establish a University in the United States (Select)


  • Examination of Disposition of Documents (Select)

  • Examine the Several Branches in the Civil Service

  • Expenditures in Executive Departments

  • Finance

  • Fisheries


  • Five Civilized Tribes of Indians (Select)

  • Foreign Relations

  • Forest Reservations and the Protection of Game

  • Geological Survey

  • Immigration

  • Immigration and Naturalization

  • Indian Affairs

  • Industrial Expositions


  • Indian Territory (Select)

  • Interoceanic Canals

  • Interstate Commerce

  • Irrigation and Reclamation

  • Judiciary

  • Library

  • Manufactures

  • Military Affairs

  • Mines and Mining


  • Mississippi River and its Tributaries (Select)


  • National Banks (Select)

  • Naval Affairs

  • Pacific Islands and Puerto Rico

  • Pacific Railroads

  • Patents

  • Pensions

  • Philippines

  • Post Office and Post Roads


  • Potomac River Front (Select)

  • Printing

  • Private Land Claims

  • Privileges and Elections

  • Public Buildings and Grounds

  • Public Health and National Quarantine

  • Public Lands

  • Railroads

  • Revision of the Laws

  • Revolutionary Claims

  • Rules


  • Standards, Weights and Measures (Select)


  • Tariff Regulation (Select)

  • Territories


  • Transportation and Sale of Meat Products (Select)

  • Transportation Routes to the Seaboard


  • Trespassers upon Indian Lands (Select)


  • Ventilation and Acoustics (Select)

  • Whole


  • Woman Suffrage (Select)


House of Representatives


  • Accounts

  • Agriculture

  • Alcoholic Liquor Traffic

  • Appropriations

  • Banking and Currency

  • Census

  • Claims

  • Coinage, Weights and Measures

  • Disposition of Executive Papers

  • District of Columbia

  • Education

  • Election of the President, Vice President and Representatives in Congress

  • Elections

  • Enrolled Bills

  • Expenditures in the Agriculture Department

  • Expenditures in the Commerce and Labor Departments

  • Expenditures in the Interior Department

  • Expenditures in the Justice Department

  • Expenditures in the Navy Department

  • Expenditures in the Post Office Department

  • Expenditures in the State Department

  • Expenditures in the Treasury Department

  • Expenditures in the War Department

  • Expenditures on Public Buildings

  • Foreign Affairs

  • Immigration and Naturalization

  • Indian Affairs

  • Industrial Arts and Expositions

  • Insular Affairs

  • Interstate and Foreign Commerce

  • Invalid Pensions

  • Irrigation of Arid Lands

  • Labor

  • Levees and Improvements of the Mississippi River

  • Manufactures

  • Merchant Marine and Fisheries

  • Mileage

  • Military Affairs

  • Militia

  • Mines and Mining

  • Naval Affairs

  • Pacific Railroads

  • Patents

  • Pensions

  • Post Office and Post Roads

  • Public Buildings and Grounds

  • Public Lands

  • Railways and Canals

  • Reform in the Civil Service

  • Revision of Laws

  • Rivers and Harbors

  • Rules

  • Standards of Official Conduct

  • Territories

  • Ventilation and Acoustics

  • War Claims

  • Ways and Means

  • Whole


Joint committees



  • Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)

  • Disposition of (Useless) Executive Papers

  • Revision of the Laws

  • Second Class Mail Matter


Caucuses



  • Democratic (House)


  • Democratic (Senate)


Employees



  • Architect of the Capitol: Elliott Woods


  • Librarian of Congress: Herbert Putnam


  • Public Printer of the United States: Frank W. Palmer (until 1905), Charles A. Stillings (starting 1905)


Senate



  • Secretary of the Senate: Charles G. Bennett of New York, elected February 1, 1900.


  • Sergeant at Arms of the Senate: Daniel M. Ransdell of Indiana, elected February 1, 1900.


  • Chaplain of the Senate

    • The Rev. Edward E. Hale, Unitarian, elected December 14, 1903.


House of Representatives



  • Clerk of the House: Alexander McDowell of Pennsylvania, elected December 4, 1905.


  • Sergeant at Arms of the House: Henry Casson of Wisconsin, elected December 4, 1905.


  • Doorkeeper of the House: Frank B. Lyon of New York, elected December 4, 1905.


  • Postmaster of the House: Joseph C. McElroy of Ohio, elected December 4, 1905.


  • Clerk at the Speaker’s Table: Asher C. Hinds


  • Reading Clerks: [Data unknown/missing.]


  • Chaplain: The Rev. Henry N. Couden, Universalist, elected December 4, 1905.


See also



  • United States elections, 1904 (elections leading to this Congress)
    • United States presidential election, 1904

    • United States Senate elections, 1904

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1904



  • United States elections, 1906 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
    • United States Senate elections, 1906

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1906



References




  1. ^ "Carnegie Foundation". Carnegie Foundation. November 26, 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-05..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em


  2. ^ Robert M. La Follette was elected to the 59th Congress for the term starting March 4, 1905, but he did not assume the seat until January 2, 1906, preferring to finish his term as Governor of Wisconsin. Nevertheless, his Senate service technically began March 4, 1905.




  • Gould, Lewis L. (2005). The Most Exclusive Club. Cambridge, MA: Perseus Books Group. ISBN 0-465-02778-4.


  • Remini, Robert V. (2006). The House. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, Inc. ISBN 0-06-088434-7.


  • U.S. Congress (2005). "Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress". Archived from the original on June 1, 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2006.


  • U.S. House of Representatives (2006). "Congressional History". Archived from the original on June 1, 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2006.


  • U.S. Senate (2006). "Statistics and Lists". Archived from the original on June 1, 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2006.


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 59th Congress, 1st Session.


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 59th Congress, 1st Session (1st Revision).


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 59th Congress, 1st Session (2nd Revision).


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 59th Congress, 2nd Session.


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 59th Congress, 2nd Session (Revision).







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