23rd United States Congress

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23rd United States Congress


22nd ←

→ 24th


USCapitol1827A.gif

United States Capitol (1827)

March 4, 1833 – March 4, 1835
Senate President
Martin Van Buren (J)
Senate Pres. pro tem
Hugh L. White (AJ)
George Poindexter (J)
John Tyler (J)
House Speaker
Andrew Stevenson (J)
John Bell (J)
Members48 senators
240 representatives
3 non-voting delegates
Senate MajorityAnti-Jacksonian
House MajorityJacksonian
Sessions

1st: December 2, 1833 – June 30, 1834
2nd: December 1, 1834 – March 4, 1835

The Twenty-third United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1833, to March 4, 1835, during the fifth and sixth years of Andrew Jackson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Fifth Census of the United States in 1830. The Senate had an Anti-Jacksonian or National Republican majority, and the House had a Jacksonian or Democratic majority.





Contents





  • 1 Major events


  • 2 Major legislation


  • 3 Party summary

    • 3.1 Senate


    • 3.2 House of Representatives



  • 4 Leadership

    • 4.1 Senate


    • 4.2 House of Representatives



  • 5 Members

    • 5.1 Senate

      • 5.1.1 Alabama


      • 5.1.2 Connecticut


      • 5.1.3 Delaware


      • 5.1.4 Georgia


      • 5.1.5 Illinois


      • 5.1.6 Indiana


      • 5.1.7 Kentucky


      • 5.1.8 Louisiana


      • 5.1.9 Maine


      • 5.1.10 Maryland


      • 5.1.11 Massachusetts


      • 5.1.12 Mississippi


      • 5.1.13 Missouri


      • 5.1.14 New Hampshire


      • 5.1.15 New Jersey


      • 5.1.16 New York


      • 5.1.17 North Carolina


      • 5.1.18 Ohio


      • 5.1.19 Pennsylvania


      • 5.1.20 Rhode Island


      • 5.1.21 South Carolina


      • 5.1.22 Tennessee


      • 5.1.23 Vermont


      • 5.1.24 Virginia



    • 5.2 House of Representatives

      • 5.2.1 Alabama


      • 5.2.2 Connecticut


      • 5.2.3 Delaware


      • 5.2.4 Georgia


      • 5.2.5 Illinois


      • 5.2.6 Indiana


      • 5.2.7 Kentucky


      • 5.2.8 Louisiana


      • 5.2.9 Maine


      • 5.2.10 Maryland


      • 5.2.11 Massachusetts


      • 5.2.12 Mississippi


      • 5.2.13 Missouri


      • 5.2.14 New Hampshire


      • 5.2.15 New Jersey


      • 5.2.16 New York


      • 5.2.17 North Carolina


      • 5.2.18 Ohio


      • 5.2.19 Pennsylvania


      • 5.2.20 Rhode Island


      • 5.2.21 South Carolina


      • 5.2.22 Tennessee


      • 5.2.23 Vermont


      • 5.2.24 Virginia


      • 5.2.25 Non-voting members




  • 6 Changes in membership

    • 6.1 Senate


    • 6.2 House of Representatives



  • 7 Committees

    • 7.1 Senate


    • 7.2 House of Representatives


    • 7.3 Joint committees



  • 8 Employees

    • 8.1 Senate


    • 8.2 House of Representatives



  • 9 See also


  • 10 References


  • 11 External links




Major events



  • March 28, 1834: Senate censured President Andrew Jackson for defunding the Second Bank of the United States

  • January 30, 1835: Richard Lawrence unsuccessfully tried to assassinate President Jackson in the United States Capitol; this was the first assassination attempt against a President of the United States.[1]


Major legislation



[Data unknown/missing.]



Party summary


The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.



Senate




















































Party
(shading shows control)
Total
Vacant

Anti-
Jacksonian
(AJ)

Jacksonian
(J)

Nullifier
(N)
End of the previous congress

23

23

1
47
1

Begin

26

18

1

45
3
End 20 2 480
Final voting share 7001542000000000000♠54.2% 7001417000000000000♠41.7% 7000420000000000000♠4.2%
Beginning of the next congress

24

21

2
47
1


House of Representatives


For the beginning of this congress, the size of the House was increased from 213 seats to 240 seats, following the 1830 United States Census (See 4 Stat. 516).
























































Party
(shading shows control)
Total
Vacant

Anti-
Jacksonian
(AJ)

Anti-
Masonic
(AM)

Jacksonian
(J)

Nullifier
(N)
End of the previous congress

62

17

129

4
212
1

Begin

60

25

145

9

239
1
End 62 143 8 2382
Final voting share 7001261000000000000♠26.1% 7001105000000000000♠10.5% 7001601000000000000♠60.1% 7000340000000000000♠3.4%
Beginning of the next congress

76

15

139

8
238
2


Leadership



Senate




President of the Senate
Martin Van Buren



  • President: Martin Van Buren (J)


  • President pro tempore: Hugh Lawson White (J), until December 15, 1833

    • George Poindexter (Anti-J), June 28, 1834 – November 30, 1834


    • John Tyler (Anti-J), from March 3, 1835



House of Representatives



  • Speaker: Andrew Stevenson (J), elected December 2, 1833

    • John Bell (J), elected June 2, 1834


Members


This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and Representatives are listed by district.


Skip to House of Representatives, below


Senate


Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1838; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1834; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1836.










House of Representatives










Changes in membership


The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.



Senate




























































State
(class)
Vacator
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's
formal installation

South Carolina
(3)
Vacant since March 3, 1833, due to the resignation of Stephen Decatur Miller (N).
Successor was elected November 26, 1833.

William C. Preston (N)
November 26, 1833

Mississippi
(1)
Vacant from the start of this Congress due to the state legislature's failure to elect.
Appointee who had held the seat at the end of the previous Congress was elected November 22, 1833.

John Black (AJ)
November 22, 1833

Pennsylvania
(1)
Vacant from the start of this Congress due to the state legislature's failure to elect.
Successor was elected December 7, 1833.

Samuel McKean (J)
December 7, 1833

Louisiana
(3)

Josiah S. Johnston (AJ)
Died May 19, 1833.
Successor was elected December 19, 1833.

Alexander Porter (AJ)
December 19, 1833

Missouri
(3)

Alexander Buckner (J)
Died June 6, 1833.
Successor was appointed December 19, 1833, and subsequently elected to finish the term.

Lewis F. Linn (J)
October 25, 1833

Georgia
(2)

George Troup (J)
Resigned November 8, 1833.
Successor was elected November 21, 1833.

John P. King (D)
November 21, 1833

Virginia
(2)

William Rives (J)
Resigned February 22, 1834.
Successor was elected February 26, 1834.

Benjamin W. Leigh (AJ)
February 26, 1834

Pennsylvania
(3)

William Wilkins (J)
Resigned June 30, 1834, to become U.S. Minister to Russia.
Successor elected December 6, 1834.

James Buchanan (J)
December 6, 1834

Georgia
(3)

John Forsyth (J)
Resigned July 27, 1834, to become U.S. Secretary of State.
Successor elected January 12, 1835.

Alfred Cuthbert (J)
January 12, 1835

Maryland
(3)

Ezekiel F. Chambers (AJ)
Resigned December 20, 1834, to become judge of the Maryland Court of Appeals.
Successor elected January 13, 1835.

Robert H. Goldsborough (AJ)
January 13, 1835

Maine
(2)

Peleg Sprague (AJ)
Resigned January 1, 1835.
Successor elected January 20, 1835.

John Ruggles (J)
January 20, 1835


House of Representatives


  • replacements: 18

    • Jacksonian: 1 seat net loss


    • Anti-Jacksonian: 1 seat net gain


  • deaths: 8

  • resignations: 15

  • contested election: 1

  • Total seats with changes: 23






























































































































District
Vacator
Reason for change
Successor
Date of successor's
formal installation

Kentucky 5th
Vacant
Contested election of Thomas P. Moore. House denied either party the seat and declared new election

Robert P. Letcher (AJ)
Seated August 6, 1834

Virginia 5th

John Randolph (J)
Died May 24, 1833

Thomas T. Bouldin (J)
Seated December 2, 1833

South Carolina 3rd

Thomas D. Singleton (N)
Died November 25, 1833

Robert B. Campbell (N)
Seated February 27, 1834

South Carolina 5th

George McDuffie (N)
Resigned some time in 1834.

Francis W. Pickens (N)
Seated December 8, 1834

Louisiana 3rd

Henry A. Bullard (AJ)
Resigned January 4, 1834, after being appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Louisiana

Rice Garland (AJ)
Seated April 28, 1834

Massachusetts 5th

John Davis (AJ)
Resigned January 14, 1834, after being elected Governor of Massachusetts

Levi Lincoln (AJ)
Seated March 5, 1834

Virginia 5th

Thomas T. Bouldin (J)
Died February 11, 1834

James W. Bouldin (J)
Seated March 28, 1834

Ohio 1st

Robert T. Lytle (J)
Resigned March 10, 1834

Robert T. Lytle (J)
Re-seated December 27, 1834

South Carolina 8th

James Blair (J)
Died April 1, 1834

Richard I. Manning (J)
Seated December 8, 1834

Maryland 1st

Littleton P. Dennis (J)
Died April 14, 1834

John N. Steele (J)
Seated June 9, 1834

Connecticut At-large

Samuel A. Foot (AJ)
Resigned May 9, 1834, after becoming Governor of Connecticut

Ebenezer Jackson, Jr. (AJ)
Seated December 1, 1834

New York 3rd

Cornelius V. Lawrence (J)
Resigned May 14, 1834, after becoming Mayor of New York City. This was a plural district with 4 representatives.

John J. Morgan (J)
Seated December 1, 1834

Virginia 11th

Andrew Stevenson (J)
Resigned June 2, 1834

John Robertson (AJ)
Seated December 1, 1834

Massachusetts 2nd

Rufus Choate (AJ)
Resigned June 30, 1834

Stephen C. Phillips (AJ)
Seated December 1, 1834

New York 3rd

Dudley Selden (J)
Resigned July 1, 1834. This was a plural district with 4 representatives.

Charles G. Ferris (J)
Seated December 1, 1834

Connecticut At-large

William W. Ellsworth (AJ)
Resigned July 8, 1834

Joseph Trumbull (AJ)
Seated December 1, 1834

Ohio 19th

Humphrey H. Leavitt (J)
Resigned July 10, 1834, after becoming judge of the US District Court of Ohio

Daniel Kilgore (J)
Seated December 1, 1834

Vermont 5th

Benjamin F. Deming (AM)
Died July 11, 1834

Henry F. Janes (AM)
Seated December 2, 1834

Illinois 1st

Charles Slade (J)
Died July 26, 1834

John Reynolds (J)
Seated December 1, 1834

Connecticut At-large

Jabez W. Huntington (AJ)
Resigned August 16, 1834, after being appointed judge of the Connecticut Supreme Court of Errors

Phineas Miner (AJ)
Seated December 1, 1834

Illinois 3rd

Joseph Duncan (J)
Resigned September 21, 1834, after being elected Governor of Illinois

William L. May (J)
Seated December 1, 1834

Louisiana 1st

Edward D. White (AJ)
Resigned November 15, 1834, to become Governor of Louisiana

Henry Johnson (AJ)
Seated December 1, 1834

Georgia At-large

James M. Wayne (J)
Resigned January 13, 1835, after being appointed an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court
Not filled in this Congress

South Carolina 6th

Warren R. Davis (N)
Died January 29, 1835


Committees


Lists of committees and their party leaders.



Senate


  • Agriculture


  • Amendments to the Constitution (Select)

  • Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate

  • Claims

  • Commerce


  • Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)

  • District of Columbia


  • Establishing Branches of the Mint (Select)


  • Executive Patronage (Select)

  • Finance

  • Foreign Relations


  • French Spoilations (Select)

  • Indian Affairs

  • Judiciary

  • Manufactures


  • Michigan and Arkansas Admission to the Union (Select)


  • Mileage of Members of Congress (Select)

  • Military Affairs

  • Militia

  • Naval Affairs

  • Pensions

  • Post Office and Post Roads


  • President's Message Refusing to Furnish a Paper to Senate (Select)

  • Private Land Claims

  • Public Lands


  • Purchasing Boyd Reilly's Gas Apparatus (Select)

  • Revolutionary Claims

  • Roads and Canals


  • Shiloh National Park (Select)


  • Tariff Regulation (Select)

  • Whole


House of Representatives


  • Accounts

  • Agriculture


  • Bank of the United States (Select)


  • Biennial Register (Select)


  • Boundary of the Chickasaw Indians (Select)

  • Claims

  • Commerce

  • District of Columbia

  • Elections


  • Establishing an Assay Office in the Gold Region (Select)

  • Expenditures in the Navy Department

  • Expenditures in the Post Office Department

  • Expenditures in the State Department

  • Expenditures in the Treasury Department

  • Expenditures in the War Department

  • Expenditures on Public Buildings

  • Foreign Affairs

  • Indian Affairs

  • Invalid Pensions

  • Manufactures

  • Military Affairs

  • Naval Affairs

  • Post Office and Post Roads

  • Public Expenditures

  • Public Lands

  • Revisal and Unfinished Business

  • Revolutionary Claims

  • Roads and Canals


  • Rules (Select)

  • Standards of Official Conduct

  • Territories

  • Ways and Means

  • Whole


Joint committees


  • Enrolled Bills


Employees



  • Librarian of Congress: John Silva Meehan


Senate



  • Secretary: Walter Lowrie


  • Sergeant at Arms: Mountjoy Bayly, until December 9, 1833

    • John Shackford, elected December 9, 1833


  • Chaplain: Frederick W. Hatch (Episcopalian)


House of Representatives



  • Clerk: Walter S. Franklin


  • Sergeant at Arms: Thomas B. Randolph


  • Doorkeeper: Overton Carr


  • Postmaster: William J. McCormick


  • Reading Clerks: [Data unknown/missing.]


  • Chaplain: Thomas H. Stockton (Methodist)

    • Edward D. Smith (Presbyterian), elected December 1, 1834


See also



  • United States elections, 1832 (elections leading to this Congress)
    • United States presidential election, 1832

    • United States Senate elections, 1832 and 1833

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1832



  • United States elections, 1834 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
    • United States Senate elections, 1834 and 1835

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1834



References




  1. ^ "Trying to Assassinate President Jackson". American Heritage. January 30, 2007. Archived from the original on 3 April 2007. Retrieved May 6, 2007..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em




  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.


  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.


External links


  • Statutes at Large, 1789-1875

  • Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress

  • House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress

  • Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress

  • U.S. House of Representatives: House History

  • U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists


  • Congressional Directory of the 23rd Congress, 1st Session.







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