Xrthnty

41st United States Congress
	; ; 40th ←; → 42nd; ;
	; ; United States Capitol (1869);
March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1871
Senate President	; Schuyler Colfax (R)
Senate Pres. pro tem	; Henry B. Anthony (R)
House Speaker	; James G. Blaine (R)
Members	74 senators; 243 representatives; 9 non-voting delegates
Senate Majority	Republican
House Majority	Republican
Sessions
	; 1st: March 4, 1869 – April 10, 1869; 2nd: December 6, 1869 – July 15, 1870; 3rd: December 5, 1870 – March 4, 1871

The Forty-first United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1869, to March 4, 1871, during the first two years of Ulysses S. Grant's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Eighth Census of the United States in 1860. Both chambers had a Republican majority.

7 Members
- 7.1 Senate
  - 7.1.1 Alabama
  - 7.1.2 Arkansas
  - 7.1.3 California
  - 7.1.4 Connecticut
  - 7.1.5 Delaware
  - 7.1.6 Florida
  - 7.1.7 Georgia
  - 7.1.8 Illinois
  - 7.1.9 Indiana
  - 7.1.10 Iowa
  - 7.1.11 Kansas
  - 7.1.12 Kentucky
  - 7.1.13 Louisiana
  - 7.1.14 Maine
  - 7.1.15 Maryland
  - 7.1.16 Massachusetts
  - 7.1.17 Michigan
  - 7.1.18 Minnesota
  - 7.1.19 Mississippi
  - 7.1.20 Missouri
  - 7.1.21 Nebraska
  - 7.1.22 Nevada
  - 7.1.23 New Hampshire
  - 7.1.24 New Jersey
  - 7.1.25 New York
  - 7.1.26 North Carolina
  - 7.1.27 Ohio
  - 7.1.28 Oregon
  - 7.1.29 Pennsylvania
  - 7.1.30 Rhode Island
  - 7.1.31 South Carolina
  - 7.1.32 Tennessee
  - 7.1.33 Texas
  - 7.1.34 Vermont
  - 7.1.35 Virginia
  - 7.1.36 West Virginia
  - 7.1.37 Wisconsin
- 7.2 House of Representatives
  - 7.2.1 Alabama
  - 7.2.2 Arkansas
  - 7.2.3 California
  - 7.2.4 Connecticut
  - 7.2.5 Delaware
  - 7.2.6 Florida
  - 7.2.7 Georgia
  - 7.2.8 Illinois
  - 7.2.9 Indiana
  - 7.2.10 Iowa
  - 7.2.11 Kansas
  - 7.2.12 Kentucky
  - 7.2.13 Louisiana
  - 7.2.14 Maine
  - 7.2.15 Maryland
  - 7.2.16 Massachusetts
  - 7.2.17 Michigan
  - 7.2.18 Minnesota
  - 7.2.19 Mississippi
  - 7.2.20 Missouri
  - 7.2.21 Nebraska
  - 7.2.22 Nevada
  - 7.2.23 New Hampshire
  - 7.2.24 New Jersey
  - 7.2.25 New York
  - 7.2.26 North Carolina
  - 7.2.27 Ohio
  - 7.2.28 Oregon
  - 7.2.29 Pennsylvania
  - 7.2.30 Rhode Island
  - 7.2.31 South Carolina
  - 7.2.32 Tennessee
  - 7.2.33 Texas
  - 7.2.34 Vermont
  - 7.2.35 Virginia
  - 7.2.36 West Virginia
  - 7.2.37 Wisconsin
  - 7.2.38 Non-voting members

8 Changes in membership
- 8.1 Senate
- 8.2 House of Representatives

9 Committees
- 9.1 Senate
- 9.2 House of Representatives
- 9.3 Joint committees

10 Caucuses

11 Employees
- 11.1 Senate
- 11.2 House of Representatives

12 See also

13 References

14 Bibliography

15 External links

Major events

March 4, 1869: Ulysses Grant became President of the United States

May 10, 1869: Golden spike marked the completion of the First Transcontinental Railroad in Promontory, Utah^[1]

December 10, 1869: Wyoming Territory gave women the right to vote, one of the first such laws in the world

February 12, 1870: Utah Territory gave women the right to vote

February 25, 1870: Senator Hiram Rhodes Revels became the first African American ever to sit in the U.S. Congress

Major legislation

March 18, 1869: Public Credit Act of 1869, Sess. 1, ch. 1, 16 Stat. 1

April 10, 1869: Judiciary Act of 1869, Sess. 1, ch. 22, 16 Stat. 44

May 31, 1870: Enforcement Act of 1870, Sess. 2, ch. 114, 16 Stat. 140

June 22, 1870: An Act to establish the Department of Justice, Sess. 2, ch. 150, 16 Stat. 162

June 29, 1870: An Act to reorganize the Marine Hospital Service, Sess. 2, ch. 169, 16 Stat. 169

July 12, 1870: Currency Act of 1870, Sess. 2, ch. 252, 16 Stat. 251

July 14, 1870: Funding Act of 1870, Sess. 2, ch. 256, 16 Stat. 272

Constitutional amendments

February 3, 1870: Fifteenth Amendment was ratified by the requisite number of states (then 28) to become part of the Constitution^[2]

States readmitted

January 26, 1870: Virginia rejoined the Union

February 23, 1870: Mississippi rejoined the Union

March 30, 1870: Texas rejoined the Union

July 15, 1870: Georgia rejoined the Union, the last former Confederate state to be readmitted

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

During this Congress, Virginia, Mississippi, Texas, and Georgia were readmitted to representation.

Senate

	Party (shading shows control)			Total	Vacant

	Democratic (D)	Republican (R)	Other
End of the previous congress	9	57	0	66	8

Begin	9	57	0	66	8
End	12	62	0	74	0
Final voting share	7001162000000000000♠16.2%	7001838000000000000♠83.8%	5000000000000000000♠0.0%

Beginning of the next congress	16	55	1 (Liberal Republican)	72	2

House of Representatives

	Party (shading shows control)				Total	Vacant

	Democratic (D)	Republican (R)	Conservative (C)	Other
End of the previous congress	45	170	2	(Independent Republican, & Conservative Republican) 3	220	23

Begin	65	150	0	0	215	28
End	67	169	5	0	241	1
Final voting share	7001278000000000000♠27.8%	7001701009999900000♠70.1%	7000210000000000000♠2.1%	5000000000000000000♠0.0%

Beginning of the next congress	93	144	0	2 (Liberal Republican & Independent Republican)	239	2

Leadership

President of the Senate
Schuyler Colfax

Senate

President (R): Schuyler Colfax

President pro tempore: Henry B. Anthony (R)

House of Representatives

Speaker: James G. Blaine (R)

Republican Conference Chair: Robert C. Schenck and Nathaniel P. Banks

Democratic Caucus Chairman: William E. Niblack and Samuel J. Randall

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed then by class and Representatives are listed then by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, "Class 1" meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1874; "Class 2" meant their term ended in this Congress, facing re-election in 1870; and "Class 3" meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1872.

Alabama

2. Willard Warner (R)

3. George E. Spencer (R)

Arkansas

2. Alexander McDonald (R)

3. Benjamin F. Rice (R)

California

1. Eugene Casserly (D)

3. Cornelius Cole (R)

Connecticut

1. William A. Buckingham (R)

3. Orris S. Ferry (R)

Delaware

1. Thomas F. Bayard (D)

2. Willard Saulsbury Sr. (D)

Florida

1. Abijah Gilbert (R)

3. Thomas W. Osborn (R)

Georgia

2. Homer V. M. Miller (D), from February 24, 1871

3. Joshua Hill (R), from February 1, 1871

Illinois

2. Richard Yates (R)

3. Lyman Trumbull (R)

Indiana

1. Daniel D. Pratt (R)

3. Oliver H. P. T. Morton (R)

Iowa

2. James W. Grimes (R), until December 6, 1869
- James B. Howell (R), from January 18, 1870

3. James Harlan (R)

Kansas

2. Edmund G. Ross (R)

3. Samuel C. Pomeroy (R)

Kentucky

2. Thomas C. McCreery (D)

3. Garrett Davis (D)

Louisiana

2. John S. Harris (R)

3. William P. Kellogg (R)

Maine

1. Hannibal Hamlin (R)

2. William P. Fessenden (R), until September 8, 1869
- Lot M. Morrill (R), from October 30, 1869

Maryland

1. William T. Hamilton (D)

3. George Vickers (D)

Massachusetts

1. Charles Sumner (R)

2. Henry Wilson (R)

Michigan

1. Zachariah Chandler (R)

2. Jacob M. Howard (R)

Minnesota

1. Alexander Ramsey (R)

2. Daniel S. Norton (R), until July 13, 1870
- William Windom (R), July 15, 1870 – January 22, 1871
- Ozora P. Stearns (R), from January 22, 1871

Mississippi

1. Adelbert Ames (R), from February 23, 1870

2. Hiram R. Revels (R), from February 23, 1870

Missouri

1. Carl Schurz (R)

3. Charles D. Drake (R), until December 19, 1870
- Daniel T. Jewett (R), December 19, 1870 – January 20, 1871
- Francis P. Blair Jr. (D), from January 20, 1871

Nebraska

1. Thomas Tipton (R)

2. John M. Thayer (R)

Nevada

1. William M. Stewart (R)

3. James W. Nye (R)

New Hampshire

2. Aaron H. Cragin (R)

3. James W. Patterson (R)

New Jersey

1. John P. Stockton (D)

2. Alexander G. Cattell (R)

New York

1. Reuben Fenton (R)

3. Roscoe Conkling (R)

North Carolina

2. Joseph C. Abbott (R)

3. John Pool (R)

Ohio

1. Allen G. Thurman (D)

3. John Sherman (R)

Oregon

2. George H. Williams (R)

3. Henry W. Corbett (R)

Pennsylvania

1. John Scott (R)

3. Simon Cameron (R)

Rhode Island

1. William Sprague (R)

2. Henry B. Anthony (R)

South Carolina

2. Thomas J. Robertson (R)

3. Frederick A. Sawyer (R)

Tennessee

1. William G. Brownlow (R)

2. Joseph S. Fowler (R)

Texas

1. James W. Flanagan (R), from March 30, 1870

2. Morgan C. Hamilton (R), from March 31, 1870

Vermont

1. George F. Edmunds (R)

3. Justin S. Morrill (R)

Virginia

2. John W. Johnston (D), from January 26, 1870

1. John F. Lewis (R), from January 26, 1870

West Virginia

1. Arthur I. Boreman (R)

2. Waitman T. Willey (R)

Wisconsin

1. Matthew H. Carpenter (R)

3. Timothy O. Howe (R)

Senate President pro tempore
Henry B. Anthony

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama

1. Alfred E. Buck (R)

2. Charles W. Buckley (R)

3. Robert S. Heflin (R)

4. Charles Hays (R)

5. Peter M. Dox (D)

6. William C. Sherrod (D)

Arkansas

1. Logan H. Roots (R)

2. Anthony A. C. Rogers (D)

3. Thomas Boles (R)

California

1. Samuel B. Axtell (D)

2. Aaron A. Sargent (R)

3. James A. Johnson (D)

Connecticut

1. Julius L. Strong (R)

2. Stephen W. Kellogg (R)

3. Henry H. Starkweather (R)

4. William H. Barnum (D)

Delaware

At-large. Benjamin T. Biggs (D)

Florida

At-large. Charles M. Hamilton (R)

Georgia

1. William W. Paine (D), from December 22, 1870

2. Richard H. Whiteley (R), from December 22, 1870

3. Marion Bethune (R), from December 22, 1870

4. Jefferson F. Long (R), from January 16, 1871

5. Stephen A. Corker (D), from January 24, 1871

6. William P. Price (D), from December 22, 1870

7. Pierce M. B. Young (D), from December 22, 1870

Illinois

1. Norman B. Judd (R)

2. John F. Farnsworth (R)

3. Elihu B. Washburne (R), until March 6, 1869
- Horatio C. Burchard (R), from December 6, 1869

4. John B. Hawley (R)

5. Ebon C. Ingersoll (R)

6. Burton C. Cook (R)

7. Jesse H. Moore (R)

8. Shelby M. Cullom (R)

9. Thompson W. McNeely (D)

10. Albert G. Burr (D)

11. Samuel S. Marshall (D)

12. John B. Hay (R)

13. John M. Crebs (D)

At-large. John A. Logan (R), until March 3, 1871

Indiana

1. William E. Niblack (D)

2. Michael C. Kerr (D)

3. William S. Holman (D)

4. George W. Julian (R)

5. John Coburn (R)

6. Daniel W. Voorhees (D)

7. Godlove S. Orth (R)

8. James N. Tyner (R)

9. John P. C. Shanks (R)

10. William Williams (R)

11. Jasper Packard (R)

Iowa

1. George W. McCrary (R)

2. William Smyth (R), until September 30, 1870
- William P. Wolf (R), from December 6, 1870

3. William B. Allison (R)

4. William Loughridge (R)

5. Francis W. Palmer (R)

6. Charles Pomeroy (R)

Kansas

At-large. Sidney Clarke (R)

Kentucky

1. Lawrence S. Trimble (D)

2. William N. Sweeney (D)

3. Jacob Golladay (D), until February 28, 1870
- Joseph H. Lewis (D), from May 10, 1870

4. J. Proctor Knott (D)

5. Boyd Winchester (D)

6. Thomas L. Jones (D)

7. James B. Beck (D)

8. George M. Adams (D)

9. John M. Rice (D)

Louisiana

1. J. Hale Sypher (R), from November 7, 1870

2. Lionel A. Sheldon (R)

3. Chester B. Darrall (R)

4. Joseph P. Newsham (R), from May 23, 1870

5. Frank Morey (R)

Maine

1. John Lynch (R)

2. Samuel P. Morrill (R)

3. James G. Blaine (R)

4. John A. Peters (R)

5. Eugene Hale (R)

Maryland

1. Samuel Hambleton (D)

2. Stevenson Archer (D)

3. Thomas Swann (D)

4. Patrick Hamill (D)

5. Frederick Stone (D)

Massachusetts

1. James Buffinton (R)

2. Oakes Ames (R)

3. Ginery Twichell (R)

4. Samuel Hooper (R)

5. Benjamin F. Butler (R)

6. Nathaniel P. Banks (R)

7. George S. Boutwell (R), until March 12, 1869
- George M. Brooks (R), from November 2, 1869

8. George F. Hoar (R)

9. William B. Washburn (R)

10. Henry L. Dawes (R)

Michigan

1. Fernando C. Beaman (R)

2. William L. Stoughton (R)

3. Austin Blair (R)

4. Thomas W. Ferry (R), until March 3, 1871

5. Omar D. Conger (R)

6. Randolph Strickland (R)

Minnesota

1. Morton S. Wilkinson (R)

2. Eugene M. Wilson (D)

Mississippi

1. George E. Harris (R), from February 23, 1870

2. Joseph L. Morphis (R), from February 23, 1870

3. Henry W. Barry (R), from April 8, 1870

4. George C. McKee (R), from February 23, 1870

5. Legrand W. Perce (R), from February 23, 1870

Missouri

1. Erastus Wells (D)

2. Gustavus A. Finkelnburg (R)

3. James R. McCormick (D)

4. Sempronius H. Boyd (R)

5. Samuel S. Burdett (R)

6. Robert T. Van Horn (R)

7. Joel F. Asper (R)

8. John F. Benjamin (R)

9. David P. Dyer (R)

Nebraska

At-large. John Taffe (R)

Nevada

At-large. Thomas Fitch (R)

New Hampshire

1. Jacob H. Ela (R)

2. Aaron F. Stevens (R)

3. Jacob Benton (R)

New Jersey

1. William Moore (R)

2. Charles Haight (D)

3. John T. Bird (D)

4. John Hill (R)

5. Orestes Cleveland (D)

New York

1. Henry A. Reeves (D)

2. John G. Schumaker (D)

3. Henry W. Slocum (D)

4. John Fox (D)

5. John Morrissey (D)

6. Samuel S. Cox (D)

7. Hervey C. Calkin (D)

8. James Brooks (D)

9. Fernando Wood (D)

10. Clarkson N. Potter (D)

11. George W. Greene (D), until February 17, 1870
- Charles H. Van Wyck (R), from February 17, 1870

12. John H. Ketcham (R)

13. John A. Griswold (D)

14. Stephen L. Mayham (D)

15. Adolphus H. Tanner (R)

16. Orange Ferriss (R)

17. William A. Wheeler (R)

18. Stephen Sanford (R)

19. Charles Knapp (R)

20. Addison H. Laflin (R)

21. Alexander H. Bailey (R)

22. John C. Churchill (R)

23. Dennis McCarthy (R)

24. George W. Cowles (R)

25. William H. Kelsey (R)

26. Giles W. Hotchkiss (R)

27. Hamilton Ward Sr. (R)

28. Noah Davis (R), until July 15, 1870
- Charles H. Holmes (R), from December 6, 1870

29. John Fisher (R)

30. David S. Bennett (R)

31. Porter Sheldon (R)

North Carolina

1. Clinton L. Cobb (R)

2. David Heaton (R), until June 25, 1870
- Joseph Dixon (R), from December 5, 1870

3. Oliver H. Dockery (R)

4. John T. Deweese (R), until February 28, 1870
- John Manning Jr. (D), from December 7, 1870

5. Israel G. Lash (R)

6. Francis E. Shober (D)

7. Alexander H. Jones (R)

Ohio

1. Peter W. Strader (D)

2. Job E. Stevenson (R)

3. Robert C. Schenck (R), until January 5, 1871

4. William Lawrence (R)

5. William Mungen (D)

6. John A. Smith (R)

7. James J. Winans (R)

8. John Beatty (R)

9. Edward F. Dickinson (D)

10. Truman H. Hoag (D), until February 5, 1870
- Erasmus D. Peck (R), from April 23, 1870

11. John T. Wilson (R)

12. Philadelph Van Trump (D)

13. George W. Morgan (D)

14. Martin Welker (R)

15. Eliakim H. Moore (R)

16. John Bingham (R)

17. Jacob A. Ambler (R)

18. William H. Upson (R)

19. James A. Garfield (R)

Oregon

At-large. Joseph S. Smith (D)

Pennsylvania

1. Samuel J. Randall (D)

2. Charles O'Neill (R)

3. John Moffet (D), until April 9, 1869
- Leonard Myers (R), from April 9, 1869

4. William D. Kelley (R)

5. John R. Reading (D), until April 13, 1870
- Caleb N. Taylor (R), from April 13, 1870

6. John D. Stiles (D)

7. Washington Townsend (R)

8. J. Lawrence Getz (D)

9. Oliver J. Dickey (R)

10. Henry L. Cake (R)

11. Daniel M. Van Auken (D)

12. George W. Woodward (D)

13. Ulysses Mercur (R)

14. John B. Packer (R)

15. Richard J. Haldeman (D)

16. John Cessna (R)

17. Daniel J. Morrell (R)

18. William H. Armstrong (R)

19. Glenni W. Scofield (R)

20. Calvin W. Gilfillan (R)

21. John Covode (R), February 9, 1870 – January 11, 1871

22. James S. Negley (R)

23. Darwin Phelps (R)

24. Joseph B. Donley (R)

Rhode Island

1. Thomas Jenckes (R)

2. Nathan F. Dixon Jr. (R)

South Carolina

1. B. Frank Whittemore (R), until February 24, 1870
- Joseph Rainey (R), from December 12, 1870

2. Christopher C. Bowen (R)

3. Solomon L. Hoge (R), from April 8, 1869

4. Alexander S. Wallace (R), from May 27, 1870

Tennessee

1. Roderick R. Butler (R)

2. Horace Maynard (R)

3. William B. Stokes (R)

4. Lewis Tillman (R)

5. William F. Prosser (R)

6. Samuel M. Arnell (R)

7. Isaac R. Hawkins (R)

8. William J. Smith (R)

Texas

1. George W. Whitmore (R), from March 30, 1870

2. John C. Conner (D), from March 31, 1870

3. William T. Clark (R), from March 31, 1870

4. Edward Degener (R), from March 31, 1870

Vermont

1. Charles W. Willard (R)

2. Luke P. Poland (R)

3. Worthington C. Smith (R)

Virginia

1. Richard S. Ayer (R), from January 31, 1870

2. James H. Platt Jr. (R), from January 26, 1870

3. Charles H. Porter (R), from January 26, 1870

4. George Booker (C), from January 26, 1870

5. Robert Ridgway (C), January 27, 1870 – October 16, 1870
- Richard T. W. Duke (C), from November 8, 1870

6. William Milnes Jr. (C), from January 27, 1870

7. Lewis McKenzie (C), from January 31, 1870

8. James K. Gibson (C), from January 28, 1870

West Virginia

1. Isaac H. Duval (R)

2. James C. McGrew (R)

3. John Witcher (R)

Wisconsin

1. Halbert E. Paine (R)

2. Benjamin F. Hopkins (R), until January 1, 1870
- David Atwood (R), from February 23, 1870

3. Amasa Cobb (R)

4. Charles A. Eldredge (D)

5. Philetus Sawyer (R)

6. Cadwallader C. Washburn (R)

Non-voting members

Arizona Territory. Richard C. McCormick (D)

Colorado Territory. Allen A. Bradford (R)

Dakota Territory. Solomon L. Spink (R)

Idaho Territory. Jacob K. Shafer (D)

Montana Territory. James M. Cavanaugh (D)

New Mexico Territory. J. Francisco Chaves (R)

Utah Territory. William H. Hooper (D)

Washington Territory. Selucius Garfielde (R)

Wyoming Territory. Stephen F. Nuckolls (D), from December 6, 1869

House seats by party holding plurality in state
80+% to 100% Democratic	80+% to 100% Republican
60+% to 80% Democratic	60+% to 80% Republican
Up to 60% Democratic	Up to 60% Republican

Speaker of the House, James G. Blaine

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

replacements: 6
- Democratic: 1 seat net gain
- Republican: 1 seat net loss

deaths: 2

resignations:2

interim appointments: 2

seats of newly re-admitted states: 8

Total seats with changes: 14

State (class)	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's formal installation
Virginia (1)	Vacant	Virginia re-admitted to the Union	John F. Lewis (R)	January 26, 1870
Virginia (2)	Vacant	Virginia re-admitted to the Union	John W. Johnston (D)	January 26, 1870
Mississippi (1)	Vacant	Mississippi re-admitted to the Union	Adelbert Ames (R)	February 23, 1870
Mississippi (2)	Vacant	Mississippi re-admitted to the Union	Hiram R Revels (R)	February 23, 1870
Texas (1)	Vacant	Texas re-admitted to the Union	James W. Flanagan (R)	March 30, 1870
Texas (2)	Vacant	Texas re-admitted to the Union	Morgan C. Hamilton (R)	March 31, 1870
Georgia (3)	Vacant	Georgia re-admitted to the Union	Joshua Hill (R)	February 1, 1871
Georgia (2)	Vacant	Georgia re-admitted to the Union	Homer V. M. Miller (D)	February 28, 1871
Maine (2)	William P. Fessenden (R)	Died September 8, 1869. Successor appointed October 30, 1869. Successor was subsequently elected January 19, 1870 to finish the term.	Lot M. Morrill (R)	October 30, 1869
Iowa (2)	James W. Grimes (R)	Resigned December 6, 1869, because of failing health. Successor elected January 18, 1870.	James B. Howell (R)	January 18, 1870
Minnesota (2)	Daniel S. Norton (R)	Died July 13, 1870. Successor appointed July 15, 1870.	William Windom (R)	July 15, 1870
Missouri (3)	Charles D. Drake (R)	Resigned December 19, 1870, after being appointed chief justice of the United States Court of Claims. Successor appointed December 19, 1870.	Daniel T. Jewett (R)	December 19, 1870
Missouri (3)	Daniel T. Jewett (R)	Interim appointee retired. Successor elected January 20, 1871.	Francis P. Blair, Jr. (D)	January 20, 1871
Minnesota (2)	William Windom (R)	Successor elected January 22, 1871.	Ozora P. Stearns (R)	January 22, 1871

House of Representatives

replacements: 14
- Democratic: 3 seat net loss
- Republican: 3 seat net gain
- Conservative Party of Virginia: no net change

deaths: 6

resignations: 6

contested election: 8

seats of newly re-admitted states: 17

Total seats with changes: 44

District	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's formal installation
South Carolina 3rd	Vacant	Contested election with J.P. Reed. Reed was never seated. House declared Hoge entitled to seat.	Solomon L. Hoge (R)	April 8, 1869
Wyoming Territory At-large	Vacant	Territory organized in previous congress and remained vacant until December 6, 1869	Stephen F. Nuckolls (D)	December 6, 1869
Virginia 2nd	Vacant	Virginia re-admitted into the Union	James H. Platt, Jr. (R)	January 26, 1870
Virginia 3rd			Charles H. Porter (R)
Virginia 4th			George Booker (C)
Virginia 5th			Robert Ridgway (C)	January 27, 1870
Virginia 6th			William Milnes, Jr. (C)	January 27, 1870
Virginia 8th			James K. Gibson (C)	January 28, 1870
Virginia 1st			Richard S. Ayer (R)	January 31, 1870
Virginia 7th			Lewis McKenzie (C)	January 31, 1870
Pennsylvania 21st	Vacant	Contested election with Henry D. Foster. House declared neither was entitled to seat. House then declared Covode duly elected February 9, 1870	John Covode (R)	February 9, 1870
Mississippi 1st	Vacant	Mississippi re-admitted into the Union	George E. Harris (R)	February 23, 1870
Mississippi 2nd			Joseph L. Morphis (R)
Mississippi 3rd			Henry W. Barry (R)
Mississippi 5th			Legrand W. Perce (R)
Texas 1st	Vacant	Texas re-admitted into the Union	George W. Whitmore (R)	March 30, 1870
Texas 2nd			John C. Conner (D)	March 31, 1870
Texas 3rd			William T. Clark (R)
Texas 4th			Edward Degener (R)
Louisiana 4th	Vacant	Contested election with Michael Ryan. House declared neither was entitled to seat. Elected to seat thus caused	Joseph P. Newsham (R)	May 23, 1870
South Carolina 4th	Vacant	Contested election with William D. Simpson. Simpson was never seated. House declared Wallace entitled to seat.	Alexander S. Wallace (R)	May 27, 1870
Louisiana 1st	Vacant	Contested election with Louis St. Martin. House declared neither was entitled to seat. Elected to seat thus caused	J. Hale Sypher (R)	November 7, 1870
Georgia 1st	Vacant	Vacancy caused by House declaring Joseph W. Clift not entitled to seat	William W. Paine (D)	December 22, 1870
Georgia 2nd		Vacancy caused by House declaring Nelson Tift not entitled to seat	Richard H. Whiteley (R)
Georgia 3rd		Vacancy caused by House declaring William P. Edwards not entitled to seat	Marion Bethune (R)
Georgia 4th		Vacancy caused by House declaring Samuel F. Gove not entitled to seat	Jefferson F. Long (R)
Georgia 5th		Vacancy caused by House declaring Charles H. Prince not entitled to seat	Stephen A. Corker (D)
Georgia 6th		Failure to elect	William P. Price (D)
Georgia 7th		Vacancy caused by House declaring Pierce M. B. Young not entitled to seat. He was subsequently elected to fill the vacancy thus caused	Pierce M. B. Young (D)
Illinois 3rd	Elihu B. Washburne (R)	Resigned March 6, 1869, after being appointed United States Secretary of State	Horatio C. Burchard (R)	December 6, 1869
Massachusetts 7th	George S. Boutwell (R)	Resigned March 12, 1869, after being appointed United States Secretary of the Treasury	George M. Brooks (R)	November 2, 1869
Pennsylvania 3rd	John Moffet (D)	Lost contested election April 9, 1869	Leonard Myers (R)	April 9, 1869
Wisconsin 2nd	Benjamin F. Hopkins (R)	Died January 1, 1870	David Atwood (R)	February 23, 1870
Ohio 10th	Truman H. Hoag (D)	Died February 5, 1870	Erasmus D. Peck (R)	April 23, 1870
New York 11th	George W. Greene (D)	Lost contested election February 17, 1870	Charles Van Wyck (R)	February 17, 1870
South Carolina 1st	Benjamin F. Whittemore (R)	Resigned February 24, 1870, pending an investigation of certain appointments to the US Military and Naval Academies	Joseph Rainey (R)	December 12, 1870
Kentucky 3rd	Jacob Golladay (D)	Resigned February 28, 1870	Joseph H. Lewis (D)	May 10, 1870
North Carolina 4th	John T. Deweese (R)	Resigned February 28, 1870, pending an investigation of certain appointments to the US Military and Naval Academies	John Manning, Jr. (D)	December 7, 1870
Pennsylvania 5th	John R. Reading (D)	Lost contested election April 13, 1870	Caleb N. Taylor (R)	April 13, 1870
North Carolina 2nd	David Heaton (R)	Died June 25, 1870	Joseph Dixon (R)	December 5, 1870
New York 28th	Noah Davis (R)	Resigned July 15, 1870, before being appointed U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York	Charles H. Holmes (R)	December 6, 1870
Iowa 2nd	William Smyth (R)	Died September 30, 1870	William P. Wolf (R)	December 6, 1870
Virginia 5th	Robert Ridgway (C)	Died October 16, 1870	Richard T. W. Duke (C)	November 8, 1870
Ohio 3rd	Robert C. Schenck (R)	Resigned January 5, 1871, after being appointed U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom	Vacant	Not filled this Congress
Pennsylvania 21st	John Covode (R)	Died January 11, 1871	Vacant	Not filled this Congress
Illinois At-large	John A. Logan (R)	Resigned at end of congress March 3, 1871, after being elected to the US Senate for the following term	Vacant	Not filled this Congress
Michigan 4th	Thomas W. Ferry (R)	Resigned at end of congress March 3, 1871, after being elected to the US Senate for the following term	Vacant	Not filled this Congress

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (1 link), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

Agriculture

Appropriations

Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate

Claims

Commerce

Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)

District of Columbia

Education

Finance

Foreign Relations

Indian Affairs

Judiciary

Manufactures

Memorial of Davis Hatch (Select)

Military Affairs

Mines and Mining

Mississippi River Levee System (Select)

Naval Affairs

Ordnance and War Ships (Select)

Outrages in Southern States (Select)

Pacific Railroad

Patents

Pensions

Post Office and Post Roads

Private Land Claims

Public Lands

Removal of Political Disabilities (Select)

Retrenchment

Revision of the Laws

Revolutionary Claims

Rules (Select)

Tariff Regulation (Select)

Territories

Traffic with Rebels in Texas (Select)

Whole

House of Representatives

Accounts

Agriculture

Appropriations

Banking and Currency

Claims

Coinage, Weights and Measures

Commerce

District of Columbia

Education and Labor

Elections

Expenditures in the Interior Department

Expenditures in the Navy Department

Expenditures in the Post Office Department

Expenditures in the State Department

Expenditures in the Treasury Department

Expenditures in the War Department

Expenditures on Public Buildings

Freedmen's Affairs

Foreign Affairs

Indian Affairs

Invalid Pensions

Manufactures

Mileage

Military Affairs

Militia

Mines and Mining

Naval Affairs

Pacific Railroads

Patents

Post Office and Post Roads

Public Buildings and Grounds

Public Expenditures

Public Lands

Railways and Canals

Revision of Laws

Revolutionary Claims

Rules (Select)

Standards of Official Conduct

Territories

Ways and Means

Whole

Joint committees

Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)

Enrolled Bills

Retrenchment

Caucuses

Democratic (House)

Democratic (Senate)

Employees

Architect of the Capitol: Edward Clark

Librarian of Congress: Ainsworth Rand Spofford

Senate

Chaplain: John P. Newman (Methodist)

Secretary: George C. Gorham

Sergeant at Arms: George T. Brown
- John R. French, elected March 22, 1869

House of Representatives

Chaplain: John G. Butler (Presbyterian)

Clerk: Edward McPherson

Clerk at the Speaker’s Table: John M. Barclay

Doorkeeper: Otis S. Buxton

Postmaster: William S. King

Reading Clerks: [Data unknown/missing.]

Sergeant at Arms: Nehemiah G. Ordway

References

^ "Ceremony at "Wedding of the Rails," May 10, 1869 at Promontory Point, Utah". World Digital Library. 1869-05-10. Retrieved 2013-07-21..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em

^ Huckabee, David C. (September 30, 1997). "Ratification of Amendments to the U.S. Constitution" (PDF). Congressional Research Service reports. Washington D.C.: Congressional Research Service, The Library of Congress.

Bibliography

Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

External links

Statutes at Large, 1789-1875

Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress

House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress

Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress

U.S. House of Representatives: House History

U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists

Congressional Directory for the 41st Congress, 1st Session.

Congressional Directory for the 41st Congress, 1st Session (Revision).

Congressional Directory for the 41st Congress, 2nd Session.

Congressional Directory for the 41st Congress, 3rd Session.

Congressional Directory for the 41st Congress, 3rd Session (Revision).

[WDL-1] "Ceremony at "Wedding of the Rails," May 10, 1869 at Promontory Point, Utah". World Digital Library. 1869-05-10. Retrieved 2013-07-21..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em

[2] Huckabee, David C. (September 30, 1997). "Ratification of Amendments to the U.S. Constitution" (PDF). Congressional Research Service reports. Washington D.C.: Congressional Research Service, The Library of Congress.

41st United States Congress
40th ← → 42nd
United States Capitol (1869)
March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1871
Senate President	Schuyler Colfax (R)
Senate Pres. pro tem	Henry B. Anthony (R)
House Speaker	James G. Blaine (R)
Members	74 senators 243 representatives 9 non-voting delegates
Senate Majority	Republican
House Majority	Republican
Sessions
1st: March 4, 1869 – April 10, 1869 2nd: December 6, 1869 – July 15, 1870 3rd: December 5, 1870 – March 4, 1871

41st United States Congress

Contents

Major events

Major legislation

Constitutional amendments

States readmitted

Party summary

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

House of Representatives

Members

Senate

Alabama

Arkansas

California

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New York

North Carolina

Ohio

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

Tennessee

Texas

Vermont

Virginia

West Virginia

Wisconsin

House of Representatives

Alabama

Arkansas

California

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New York

North Carolina

Ohio

Oregon