53rd United States Congress

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53rd United States Congress


52nd ←

→ 54th


USCapitol1906.jpg

United States Capitol (1906)

March 4, 1893 – March 4, 1895
Senate President
Adlai E. Stevenson (D)
Senate Pres. pro tem
Charles F. Manderson (R)
Isham G. Harris (D) (twice)
Matt W. Ransom (D)
House Speaker
Charles F. Crisp (D)
Members88 senators
356 representatives
4 non-voting delegates
Senate MajorityDemocratic
House MajorityDemocratic
Sessions

1st: August 7, 1893 – November 3, 1893
2nd: December 4, 1893 – August 28, 1894
3rd: December 3, 1894 – March 3, 1895



"Gorman's Triumph— A Humiliating Spectacle", cartoon by W. A. Rogers depicting President Cleveland's humiliation by the Sugar Trust.


The Fifty-third United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1893, to March 4, 1895, during the first two years of Grover Cleveland's second presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Eleventh Census of the United States in 1890. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.





Contents





  • 1 Party summary

    • 1.1 Senate


    • 1.2 House of Representatives



  • 2 Leadership

    • 2.1 Senate


    • 2.2 House of Representatives



  • 3 Major events


  • 4 Major legislation


  • 5 Members

    • 5.1 Senate

      • 5.1.1 Alabama


      • 5.1.2 Arkansas


      • 5.1.3 California


      • 5.1.4 Colorado


      • 5.1.5 Connecticut


      • 5.1.6 Delaware


      • 5.1.7 Florida


      • 5.1.8 Georgia


      • 5.1.9 Idaho


      • 5.1.10 Illinois


      • 5.1.11 Indiana


      • 5.1.12 Iowa


      • 5.1.13 Kansas


      • 5.1.14 Kentucky


      • 5.1.15 Louisiana


      • 5.1.16 Maine


      • 5.1.17 Maryland


      • 5.1.18 Massachusetts


      • 5.1.19 Michigan


      • 5.1.20 Minnesota


      • 5.1.21 Mississippi


      • 5.1.22 Missouri


      • 5.1.23 Montana


      • 5.1.24 Nebraska


      • 5.1.25 Nevada


      • 5.1.26 New Hampshire


      • 5.1.27 New Jersey


      • 5.1.28 New York


      • 5.1.29 North Carolina


      • 5.1.30 North Dakota


      • 5.1.31 Ohio


      • 5.1.32 Oregon


      • 5.1.33 Pennsylvania


      • 5.1.34 Rhode Island


      • 5.1.35 South Carolina


      • 5.1.36 South Dakota


      • 5.1.37 Tennessee


      • 5.1.38 Texas


      • 5.1.39 Vermont


      • 5.1.40 Virginia


      • 5.1.41 Washington


      • 5.1.42 West Virginia


      • 5.1.43 Wisconsin


      • 5.1.44 Wyoming



    • 5.2 House of Representatives

      • 5.2.1 Alabama


      • 5.2.2 Arkansas


      • 5.2.3 California


      • 5.2.4 Colorado


      • 5.2.5 Connecticut


      • 5.2.6 Delaware


      • 5.2.7 Florida


      • 5.2.8 Georgia


      • 5.2.9 Idaho


      • 5.2.10 Illinois


      • 5.2.11 Indiana


      • 5.2.12 Iowa


      • 5.2.13 Kansas


      • 5.2.14 Kentucky


      • 5.2.15 Louisiana


      • 5.2.16 Maine


      • 5.2.17 Maryland


      • 5.2.18 Massachusetts


      • 5.2.19 Michigan


      • 5.2.20 Minnesota


      • 5.2.21 Mississippi


      • 5.2.22 Missouri


      • 5.2.23 Montana


      • 5.2.24 Nebraska


      • 5.2.25 Nevada


      • 5.2.26 New Hampshire


      • 5.2.27 New Jersey


      • 5.2.28 New York


      • 5.2.29 North Carolina


      • 5.2.30 North Dakota


      • 5.2.31 Ohio


      • 5.2.32 Oregon


      • 5.2.33 Pennsylvania


      • 5.2.34 Rhode Island


      • 5.2.35 South Carolina


      • 5.2.36 South Dakota


      • 5.2.37 Tennessee


      • 5.2.38 Texas


      • 5.2.39 Vermont


      • 5.2.40 Virginia


      • 5.2.41 Washington


      • 5.2.42 West Virginia


      • 5.2.43 Wisconsin


      • 5.2.44 Wyoming


      • 5.2.45 Delegates




  • 6 Changes in membership

    • 6.1 Senate


    • 6.2 House of Representatives



  • 7 Committees

    • 7.1 Senate


    • 7.2 House of Representatives


    • 7.3 Joint committees



  • 8 Caucuses


  • 9 Employees

    • 9.1 Senate

      • 9.1.1 House of Representatives




  • 10 See also


  • 11 References


  • 12 External links




Party summary


The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.



Senate























































Party
(shading shows control)
Total
Vacant

Democratic
(D)

Populist
(P)

Republican
(R)

Silver
(S)
End of the previous congress

39

2

46

0
87
0

Begin

44

3

37

1

85
3
End 43 41 880
Final voting share 7001489000000000000♠48.9% 7000340000000000000♠3.4% 7001466000000000000♠46.6% 7000110000000000000♠1.1%
Beginning of the next congress

39

4

42

2
87
1


House of Representatives



  • Democratic: 211 (majority)


  • Republican: 133


  • Populist: 11


  • Independent Democratic: 1

TOTAL members: 356



Leadership




Senate President
Adlai Stevenson



Senate



  • President: Adlai Stevenson (D)


  • President pro tempore: Charles F. Manderson (D)

    • Isham G. Harris (D), elected March 22, 1893


    • Matt Whitaker Ransom (D), elected January 7, 1895


    • Isham G. Harris (D), elected January 10, 1895



  • Democratic Caucus Chairman: Arthur P. Gorman


  • Republican Conference Chairman: John Sherman


House of Representatives




House Speaker
Charles F. Crisp



  • Speaker: Charles F. Crisp (D)


  • Democratic Caucus Chairman: William S. Holman


  • Republican Conference Chair: Thomas J. Henderson


  • Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: John L. Mitchell


Major events



  • March 4, 1893: Grover Cleveland became President of the United States for a second time.

  • May 5, 1893: Panic of 1893: A crash on the New York Stock Exchange started a depression.

  • November 7, 1893: Colorado women were granted the right to vote

  • May 1, 1894: Coxey's Army, the first significant[to whom?] American protest march, arrived in Washington, D.C.


Major legislation



  • July 16, 1894: Utah Enabling Act

  • August 27, 1894: Wilson–Gorman Tariff Act

  • February 18, 1895: Maguire Act of 1895


Members


This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.


Skip to House of Representatives, below


Senate


Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1898; Class 2 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1894; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1896.










House of Representatives










Changes in membership


The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.



Senate


  • replacements: 6

    • Democratic: no net change


    • Republican: no net change

    • Liberal Republican: 1 seat net loss


  • deaths: 4

  • resignations: 8

  • interim appointments: 2

  • Total seats with changes: 12





























































State
(class)
Vacator
Reason for Vacancy
Subsequent
Date of successor's installation

Montana
(1)
Vacant
Legislature had failed to elect.
Successor elected January 16, 1895.

Lee Mantle (R)
January 16, 1895

Wyoming
(1)
Vacant
Legislature had failed to elect.
Successor was elected January 23, 1895.

Clarence D. Clark (R)
January 23, 1895

Washington
(1)
Vacant
Legislature had failed to elect.
John Allen was appointed to serve until March 20, 1893, but the Senate rejected his credentials.
Successor elected February 1, 1895.

John L. Wilson (R)
February 19, 1895

California
(3)

Leland Stanford (R)
Died June 21, 1893.
Successor was appointed July 26, 1893, and elected January 23, 1895.

George C. Perkins (R)
July 26, 1893

Mississippi
(2)

Edward C. Walthall (D)
Resigned January 24, 1894, due to ill health.
Successor was elected.

Anselm J. McLaurin (D)
February 27, 1894

Louisiana
(3)

Edward D. White (D)
Resigned March 12, 1894, to become Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.
Successor was appointed March 12, 1894, and subsequently elected May 23, 1894.

Newton C. Blanchard (D)
March 12, 1894

Georgia
(2)

Alfred H. Colquitt (D)
Died March 26, 1894.
Successor was appointed April 2, 1894, and subsequently elected November 7, 1894.

Patrick Walsh (D)
April 2, 1894

North Carolina
(3)

Zebulon B. Vance (D)
Died April 14, 1894.
Successor was appointed.

Thomas J. Jarvis (D)
April 19, 1894

Michigan
(1)

Francis B. Stockbridge (R)
Died April 30, 1894.
Successor was appointed.

John Patton Jr. (R)
May 5, 1894

Michigan
(1)

John Patton Jr. (R)
Successor was elected January 14, 1895.

Julius C. Burrows (R)
January 24, 1895

North Carolina
(3)

Thomas J. Jarvis (D)
Successor was elected January 23, 1895.

Jeter C. Pritchard (R)
January 23, 1895


House of Representatives


  • replacements: 22

    • Democratic: 2 seat net gain


    • Republican: 2 seat net loss


  • deaths: 11

  • resignations: 13

  • contested election: 3

  • Total seats with changes: 30























































































































































District
Vacator
Reason for change
Successor
Date successor seated

Rhode Island 2nd
Vacant
Failure to elect.

Charles H. Page (D)
April 5, 1893

Massachusetts 7th
Vacant
Rep. Henry Cabot Lodge resigned during previous congress

William Everett (D)
April 25, 1893

Wisconsin 4th
Vacant
Elected to finish term of Rep. John L. Mitchell who resigned during previous congress

Peter J. Somers (D)
August 27, 1893

Pennsylvania 8th

William Mutchler (D)
Died June 23, 1893

Howard Mutchler (D)
August 7, 1893

Ohio 10th

William H. Enochs (R)
Died July 13, 1893

Hezekiah S. Bundy (R)
December 4, 1893

Michigan 1st

J. Logan Chipman (D)
Died August 17, 1893

Levi T. Griffin (D)
December 4, 1893

Pennsylvania 2nd

Charles O'Neill (R)
Died November 25, 1893

Robert Adams Jr. (R)
December 19, 1893

Pennsylvania At-large

William Lilly (R)
Died December 1, 1893

Galusha A. Grow (R)
February 26, 1894

New York 15th

Ashbel P. Fitch (D)
Resigned December 26, 1893, after becoming New York City Comptroller

Isidor Straus (D)
December 30, 1894

Virginia 7th

Charles T. O'Ferrall (D)
Resigned December 28, 1893, after being elected Governor of Virginia

Smith S. Turner (D)
January 30, 1894

New York 14th

John R. Fellows (D)
Resigned December 31, 1893, after becoming District Attorney of New York City

Lemuel E. Quigg (R)
January 30, 1894

Ohio 3rd

George W. Houk (D)
Died February 9, 1894

Paul J. Sorg (D)
May 21, 1894

South Carolina 1st

William H. Brawley (D)
Resigned February 12, 1894, after being appointed judge for the United States District Court for the District of South Carolina

James F. Izlar (D)
April 12, 1894

Louisiana 4th

Newton C. Blanchard (D)
Resigned March 12, 1894, after being appointed to the U.S. Senate

Henry W. Ogden (D)
December 3, 1894

Missouri 11th

Charles F. Joy (R)
Election was successfully challenged April 3, 1894

John J. O'Neill (D)
April 3, 1894

California 3rd

Samuel G. Hilborn (R)
Election was successfully challenged April 4, 1894

Warren B. English (D)
May 12, 1894

Ohio 2nd

John A. Caldwell (R)
Resigned April 4, 1894, after becoming Mayor of Cincinnati

Jacob H. Bromwell (R)
December 3, 1894

Maryland 1st

Robert F. Bratton (D)
Died May 10, 1894

W. Laird Henry (D)
November 6, 1894

Maryland 5th

Barnes Compton (D)
Resigned May 15, 1894, after being appointed as a naval officer

Charles E. Coffin (R)
November 6, 1894

Kentucky 10th

Marcus C. Lisle (D)
Died July 7, 1894

William M. Beckner (D)
December 3, 1894

Kansas 2nd

Edward H. Funston (R)
Election was successfully challenged August 2, 1894

Horace L. Moore (D)
August 2, 1894

Arkansas 2nd

Clifton R. Breckinridge (D)
Resigned August 14, 1894, after being appointed Minister to Russia

John S. Little (D)
December 3, 1894

Wisconsin 7th

George B. Shaw (R)
Died August 27, 1894

Michael Griffin (R)
November 5, 1894

Alabama 3rd

William C. Oates (D)
Resigned November 5, 1894, after being elected Governor of Alabama

George P. Harrison, Jr. (D)
November 6, 1894

Pennsylvania 15th

Myron B. Wright (R)
Died November 13, 1894

Edwin J. Jorden (R)
February 23, 1895

New York 11th

Amos J. Cummings (D)
Resigned November 21, 1894
Vacant until next Congress

Kentucky 9th

Thomas H. Paynter (D)
Resigned January 5, 1895, after being elected judge for the Kentucky Court of Appeals
Vacant until next Congress

Illinois 10th

Philip S. Post (R)
Died January 6, 1895
Vacant until next Congress

Illinois At-large

John C. Black (D)
Resigned January 12, 1895, to become United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois
Vacant until next Congress

Michigan 3rd

Julius C. Burrows (R)
Resigned January 23, 1895, after being elected to the U.S. Senate
Vacant until next Congress


Committees


Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (6 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.



Senate



  • Additional Accommodations for the Library of Congress (Select)

  • Agriculture and Forestry

  • Appropriations

  • Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate


  • Bribery Attempts Investigation (Special)

  • Canadian Relations

  • Census

  • Civil Service and Retrenchment

  • Claims

  • Coast Defenses

  • Commerce


  • Corporations Organized in the District of Columbia (Select)


  • Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)

  • District of Columbia

  • Education and Labor

  • Engrossed Bills

  • Enrolled Bills

  • Epidemic Diseases


  • Establish a University in the United States (Select)

  • Examine the Several Branches in the Civil Service

  • Finance

  • Fisheries


  • Five Civilized Tribes of Indians (Select)


  • Ford Theater Disaster (Select)

  • Foreign Relations


  • Forest Reservations (Select)


  • Geological Survey (Select)

  • Immigration


  • Immigration and Naturalization (Select)

  • Indian Affairs

  • Interstate Commerce

  • Irrigation and Reclamation

  • Judiciary

  • Library

  • Manufactures

  • Military Affairs

  • Mines and Mining


  • Mississippi River and its Tributaries (Select)


  • National Banks (Select)

  • Naval Affairs


  • Nicaraguan Claims (Select)

  • Pacific Railroads

  • Patents

  • Pensions

  • Post Office and Post Roads


  • Potomac River Front (Select)

  • Printing

  • Private Land Claims

  • Privileges and Elections

  • Public Buildings and Grounds


  • Public Distress (Select)

  • Public Lands


  • Quadrocentennial (Select)

  • Railroads

  • Revision of the Laws

  • Revolutionary Claims

  • Rules


  • Tariff Regulation (Select)

  • Territories


  • Transportation and Sale of Meat Products (Select)

  • Transportation Routes to the Seaboard

  • Whole


  • Woman Suffrage (Select)


House of Representatives


  • Accounts

  • Agriculture


  • Alcoholic Liquor Traffic (Select)

  • Appropriations

  • Banking and Currency

  • Claims

  • Coinage, Weights and Measures

  • Disposition of Executive Papers

  • District of Columbia

  • Education

  • Election of the President, Vice President and Representatives in Congress

  • Elections

  • Enrolled Bills

  • Expenditures in the Agriculture Department

  • Expenditures in the Interior Department

  • Expenditures in the Justice Department

  • Expenditures in the Navy Department

  • Expenditures in the Post Office Department

  • Expenditures in the State Department

  • Expenditures in the Treasury Department

  • Expenditures in the War Department

  • Expenditures on Public Buildings

  • Foreign Affairs

  • Immigration and Naturalization

  • Irrigation of Arid Lands

  • Indian Affairs

  • Interstate and Foreign Commerce

  • Invalid Pensions

  • Labor

  • Levees and Improvements of the Mississippi River

  • Manufactures

  • Merchant Marine and Fisheries

  • Mileage

  • Military Affairs

  • Militia

  • Mines and Mining

  • Naval Affairs

  • Pacific Railroads

  • Patents

  • Pensions

  • Post Office and Post Roads

  • Public Buildings and Grounds

  • Public Lands

  • Railways and Canals

  • Reform in the Civil Service

  • Revision of Laws

  • Rivers and Harbors

  • Rules

  • Standards of Official Conduct

  • Territories

  • Ventilation and Acoustics

  • War Claims

  • Ways and Means

  • Whole


Joint committees


  • Celebrate the Cenntennial of the Laying of the Capitol Cornerstone


  • Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)

  • Dedication of Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park

  • Disposition of (Useless) Executive Papers

  • Ford's Theater Disaster

  • Naval Affairs

  • Naval Personnel


Caucuses



  • Democratic (House)


  • Democratic (Senate)


Employees



  • Architect of the Capitol: Edward Clark


  • Librarian of Congress: Ainsworth Rand Spofford


  • Public Printer of the United States: Frank W. Palmer (until 1894), Thomas E. Benedict (starting 1894)


Senate



  • Chaplain of the Senate: William H. Millburn (Methodist)


  • Secretary of the Senate: Anson G. McCook

    • William Ruffin Cox, elected April 6, 1893


  • Sergeant at Arms of the Senate: Edward K. Valentine

    • Richard J. Bright, elected August 8, 1893


House of Representatives



  • Chaplain of the House

    • Samuel W. Haddaway (Methodist)


    • Edward B. Bagby (Christian), elected December 4, 1893



  • Clerk of the House: James Kerr


  • Doorkeeper of the House: Alvin B. Hurt


  • Postmaster of the House: Lycurgus Dalton


  • Reading Clerks: [Data unknown/missing.]


  • Clerk at the Speaker’s Table: Charles R. Crisp


  • Sergeant at Arms of the House: Herman W. Snow


See also



  • United States elections, 1892 (elections leading to this Congress)
    • United States presidential election, 1892

    • United States Senate elections, 1892

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1892



  • United States elections, 1894 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
    • United States Senate elections, 1894

    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1894



References



  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em


  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.


External links


  • Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress

  • U.S. House of Representatives: House History

  • U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 53rd Congress, Extraordinary Session.


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 53rd Congress, 1st Session.


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 53rd Congress, 2nd Session.


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 53rd Congress, 2nd Session (1st Revision).


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 53rd Congress, 2nd Session (2nd Revision).


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 53rd Congress, 3rd Session.


  • Official Congressional Directory for the 53rd Congress, 3rd Session (Revision).







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