United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
Clash Royale CLAN TAG#URR8PPP Coordinates: 37°32′16″N 77°26′05″W / 37.53769°N 77.43481°W / 37.53769; -77.43481
| United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit | |
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| (4th Cir.) | |
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| Location | Lewis F. Powell Jr. U.S. Courthouse |
| Appeals from |
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| Established | June 16, 1891 |
| Judges | 15 |
| Circuit Justice | John Roberts |
| Chief Judge | Roger Gregory |
| ca4.uscourts.gov | |
The United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (in case citations, 4th Cir.) is a federal court located in Richmond, Virginia, with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:
- District of Maryland
- Eastern District of North Carolina
- Middle District of North Carolina
- Western District of North Carolina
- District of South Carolina
- Eastern District of Virginia
- Western District of Virginia
- Northern District of West Virginia
- Southern District of West Virginia
Lewis F. Powell, Jr. Courthouse
The court is based at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. United States Courthouse in Richmond, Virginia. With 15 authorized judgeships, it is mid-sized among the 13 United States Courts of Appeals.
Contents
1 Current composition of the court
2 Vacancies and pending nominations
3 List of former judges
4 Chief judges
5 Succession of seats
6 Practice in the 4th Circuit
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
Current composition of the court
As of August 31, 2018, the active and senior judges on the court are as follows:[1][2]
| # | Title | Judge | Duty station | Born | Term of service | Appointed by | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active | Chief | Senior | ||||||
| 40 | Chief Judge | Roger Gregory | Richmond, VA | 1953 | 2000–present | 2016–present | — | Clinton / G.W. Bush[Note 1] |
| 29 | Circuit Judge | J. Harvie Wilkinson III | Charlottesville, VA | 1944 | 1984–present | 1996–2003 | — | Reagan |
| 32 | Circuit Judge | Paul V. Niemeyer | Baltimore, MD | 1941 | 1990–present | — | — | G.H.W. Bush |
| 37 | Circuit Judge | Diana Gribbon Motz | Baltimore, MD | 1943 | 1994–present | — | — | Clinton |
| 39 | Circuit Judge | Robert Bruce King | Charleston, WV | 1940 | 1998–present | — | — | Clinton |
| 42 | Circuit Judge | Allyson Kay Duncan | Raleigh, NC | 1951 | 2003–present | — | — | G.W. Bush |
| 43 | Circuit Judge | G. Steven Agee | Salem, VA | 1952 | 2008–present | — | — | G.W. Bush |
| 45 | Circuit Judge | Barbara Milano Keenan | Alexandria, VA | 1950 | 2010–present | — | — | Obama |
| 46 | Circuit Judge | James A. Wynn Jr. | Raleigh, NC | 1954 | 2010–present | — | — | Obama |
| 47 | Circuit Judge | Albert Diaz | Charlotte, NC | 1960 | 2010–present | — | — | Obama |
| 48 | Circuit Judge | Henry Franklin Floyd | Spartanburg, SC | 1947 | 2011–present | — | — | Obama |
| 49 | Circuit Judge | Stephanie Thacker | Charleston, WV | 1965 | 2012–present | — | — | Obama |
| 50 | Circuit Judge | Pamela Harris | Bethesda, MD | 1962 | 2014–present | — | — | Obama |
| 51 | Circuit Judge | Julius N. Richardson | Columbia, SC | 1976 | 2018–present | — | — | Trump |
| 52 | Circuit Judge | A. Marvin Quattlebaum Jr. | Greenville, SC | 1964 | 2018–present | — | — | Trump |
| 33 | Senior Circuit Judge | Clyde H. Hamilton | Columbia, SC | 1934 | 1991–1999 | — | 1999–present | G.H.W. Bush |
| 38 | Senior Circuit Judge | William Byrd Traxler Jr. | Greenville, SC | 1948 | 1998–2018 | 2009–2016 | 2018–present | Clinton |
| 41 | Senior Circuit Judge | Dennis Shedd | Columbia, SC | 1953 | 2002–2018 | — | 2018–present | G.W. Bush |
^ Recess appointment by Bill Clinton, re-appointed by George W. Bush and confirmed by the United States Senate at a later date.
Vacancies and pending nominations
| Seat | Prior Judge's Duty Station | Seat Last Held By | Vacancy Reason | Date of Vacancy | Nominee | Date of Nomination |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | Raleigh, NC | Allyson Kay Duncan | Senior status | TBD[3] | Allison Jones Rushing | August 27, 2018 |
List of former judges
| # | Judge | State | Born/Died | Active | Chief | Senior | Appointed by | Reason for termination |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hugh Lennox Bond | MD | 1828–1893 | 1891–1893 | — | — | Grant[4] | death |
| 2 | Nathan Goff Jr. | WV | 1843–1920 | 1892–1913 | — | — | B. Harrison | resignation |
| 3 | Charles Henry Simonton | SC | 1829–1904 | 1893–1904 | — | — | Cleveland | death |
| 4 | Jeter Connelly Pritchard | NC | 1857–1921 | 1904–1921 | — | — | T. Roosevelt | death |
| 5 | Charles Albert Woods | SC | 1852–1925 | 1913–1925 | — | — | Wilson | death |
| 6 | Edmund Waddill Jr. | VA | 1855–1931 | 1921–1931 | — | — | Harding | death |
| 7 | John Carter Rose | MD | 1861–1927 | 1922–1927 | — | — | Harding | death |
| 8 | John J. Parker | NC | 1885–1958 | 1925–1958 | 1948–1958 | — | Coolidge | death |
| 9 | Elliott Northcott | WV | 1869–1946 | 1927–1939 | — | 1939–1946 | Coolidge | death |
| 10 | Morris Ames Soper[5] | MD | 1873–1963 | 1931–1955 | — | 1955–1963 | Hoover | death |
| 11 | Armistead Mason Dobie[5] | VA | 1881–1962 | 1939–1956 | — | 1956–1962 | F. Roosevelt | death |
| 12 | Simon Sobeloff | MD | 1894–1973 | 1956–1970 | 1958–1964 | 1970–1973 | Eisenhower | death |
| 13 | Clement Haynsworth | SC | 1912–1989 | 1957–1981 | 1964–1981 | 1981–1989 | Eisenhower | death |
| 14 | Herbert Stephenson Boreman | WV | 1897–1982 | 1959–1971 | — | 1971–1982 | Eisenhower | death |
| 15 | Albert Vickers Bryan | VA | 1899–1984 | 1961–1972 | — | 1972–1984 | Kennedy | death |
| 16 | J. Spencer Bell | NC | 1906–1967 | 1961–1967 | — | — | Kennedy | death |
| 17 | Harrison Lee Winter | MD | 1921–1990 | 1966–1990 | 1981–1989 | 1990–1990 | L. Johnson | death |
| 18 | James Braxton Craven Jr. | NC | 1918–1977 | 1966–1977 | — | — | L. Johnson | death |
| 19 | John D. Butzner Jr. | VA | 1917–2006 | 1967–1982 | — | 1982–2006 | L. Johnson | death |
| 20 | Donald S. Russell | SC | 1906–1998 | 1971–1998 | — | — | Nixon | death |
| 21 | John A. Field Jr. | WV | 1910–1995 | 1971–1976 | — | 1976–1995 | Nixon | death |
| 22 | Hiram Emory Widener Jr. | VA | 1923–2007 | 1972–2007 | — | 2007 | Nixon | death |
| 23 | Kenneth Keller Hall | WV | 1918–1999 | 1976–1998 | — | 1998–1999 | Ford | death |
| 24 | James Dickson Phillips Jr. | NC | 1922–2017 | 1978–1994 | — | 1994–2017 | Carter | death |
| 25 | Francis Dominic Murnaghan Jr. | MD | 1920–2000 | 1979–2000 | — | — | Carter | death |
| 26 | James Marshall Sprouse | WV | 1923–2004 | 1979–1992 | — | 1992–1995 | Carter | retirement |
| 27 | Samuel James Ervin III | NC | 1926–1999 | 1980–1999 | 1989–1996 | — | Carter | death |
| 28 | Robert F. Chapman | SC | 1926–2018 | 1981–1991 | — | 1991–2018 | Reagan | death |
| 30 | Emory M. Sneeden | NC | 1927–1987 | 1984–1986 | — | — | Reagan | resignation |
| 31 | William Walter Wilkins | SC | 1942–present | 1986–2007 | 2003–2007 | 2007–2008 | Reagan | retirement |
| 34 | J. Michael Luttig | VA | 1954–present | 1991–2006 | — | — | G.H.W. Bush | resignation |
| 35 | Karen J. Williams | SC | 1951–2013 | 1992–2009 | 2007–2009 | 2009–2013 | G.H.W. Bush | death |
| 36 | M. Blane Michael | WV | 1943–2011 | 1993–2011 | — | — | Clinton | death |
| 44 | Andre M. Davis | MD | 1949–present | 2009–2014 | — | 2014–2017 | Obama | retirement |
Chief judges
| Chief Judge | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Parker | 1948–1958 | ||
| Sobeloff | 1958–1964 | ||
| Haynsworth | 1964–1981 | ||
| Winter | 1981–1989 | ||
| Ervin III | 1989–1996 | ||
| Wilkinson III | 1996–2003 | ||
| Wilkins | 2003–2007 | ||
| Williams | 2007–2009 | ||
| Traxler, Jr. | 2009–2016 | ||
| Gregory | 2016–present | ||
Chief judges have administrative responsibilities with respect to their circuits, and preside over any panel on which they serve unless the circuit justice (i.e., the Supreme Court justice responsible for the circuit) is also on the panel. Unlike the Supreme Court, where one justice is specifically nominated to be chief, the office of chief judge rotates among the circuit judges. To be chief, a judge must have been in active service on the court for at least one year, be under the age of 65, and have not previously served as chief judge. A vacancy is filled by the judge highest in seniority among the group of qualified judges. The chief judge serves for a term of seven years or until age 70, whichever occurs first. The age restrictions are waived if no members of the court would otherwise be qualified for the position.
When the office was created in 1948, the chief judge was the longest-serving judge who had not elected to retire on what has since 1958 been known as senior status or declined to serve as chief judge. After August 6, 1959, judges could not become or remain chief after turning 70 years old. The current rules have been in operation since October 1, 1982.
Succession of seats
The court has fifteen seats for active judges, numbered in the order in which they were filled. Judges who retire into senior status remain on the bench but leave their seat vacant. That seat is filled by the next circuit judge appointed by the president.
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Practice in the 4th Circuit
The Fourth is the most efficient circuit, taking an average of just over seven months to resolve each appeal.[clarification needed][citation needed] From 2000 to 2008, the Court had the highest rate of non-publication (92%) on the Federal Circuit.[6]
The Chief Justice is always assigned to the Fourth Circuit as the circuit advisory justice, due to Richmond's close proximity to Washington, D.C.
The Fourth Circuit is considered an extremely collegial court. By tradition, the Judges of the Fourth Circuit come down from the bench following each oral argument to greet the lawyers.[7]
See also
 | Wikisource has original works on the topic: United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit |
- Federal judicial appointment history#Fourth Circuit
- Same-sex marriage in the Fourth Circuit
References
^ "U. S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit". Official website of the Federal Judicial Center. Retrieved February 27, 2017..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
^ "Fourth Circuit Judges". Official website of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. Retrieved February 27, 2017.
^ Future Judicial Vacancies
^ Bond was appointed as a circuit judge for the Fourth Circuit in 1870 by Ulysses S. Grant. The Judiciary Act of 1891 reassigned his seat to what is now the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit.
^ ab Recess appointment, confirmed by the United States Senate at a later date.
^ Aaron S. Bayer (August 24, 2009), Unpublished Appellate Opinions Are Still Commonplace, The National Law Journal
^ "Inside the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals: How Collegiality Works | University of Chicago Law School". www.law.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2017-02-27.
External links
- United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
- Recent opinions from Findlaw
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