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Nantes-Brest Canal
Nantes-Brest Canal
	; Lock in the disused part of the Nantes-Brest Canal;
Specifications
Length	385 km (239 mi)
Maximum boat length	25.70 m
Maximum boat beam	4.65 m
Locks	107 (+ 45 in Finistère section) (originally 238)
Total rise	555 m (1,821 ft)
Status	Open except for two breaks; Goariva to La Pitié, Guerlédan Dam to Pontivy;
History
Original owner	State in 1811. Canal Company of Brittany in 1822
Date approved	1802
Construction began	1811 start failed and began again in 1822
Date completed	1836
Geography
Start point	Brest, France
End point	Nantes
Connects to	; Loire maritime Vilaine Blavet;

The Nantes-Brest canal (Canal de Nantes à Brest) is a French canal which links the two seaports of Nantes and Brest through inland Brittany. It was built in the early 19th century, and its total length as built was 385 km with 238 locks.

History

Brittany started developing its waterway network in 1538 when it decided to improve navigation on the River Vilaine. The project for a canal throughout the province was conceived by an 'inland navigation commission' convened in 1783. When Brest was blockaded by the English fleet Napoleon I of France decided to build the canal to provide a safe inland link between the two largest military ports of the French Atlantic front.^[1] Building started in 1811, and Napoleon III of France presided over the canal's opening in 1858.^[2]

This was the most ambitious canal project ever completed in France, 360km long with 238 locks. The canal was closed as a through route in 1920, when a section was submerged by Guerlédan dam (PK 227), a short distance west of the junction with the canalised river Blavet at Pontivy. The entire length of waterway west of Guerlédan was officially closed in 1957, and the 21km length from Pontivy to Guerlédan also subsequently fell into disuse. At the same time, the disappearance of all commercial traffic (in 26m long barges carrying up to 140 tonnes) resulted in the gradual silting up of the canal section between Rohan and Pontivy.^[3]

The canal has been revived and ownership has been transferred from the State to Brittany Region, except for the short length in Pays de la Loire Region.

Navigation

Navigation is no longer possible between Pontivy and Goariva. Guerlédan reservoir flooded the canal over a length of 10 km including 17 locks.^[3] However, a length of 15 km with 10 locks has been restored upstream of Guerlédan reservoir to the heritage site of La Pitié Chapel, creating a navigation 25 km long, and a public consultation was held in 2017 with a view to lifting the ban on thermal engines on this section.^[4]

Three separate navigable sections are thus presented in the route below.

En Route

Canal de Nantes à Brest (East)

Pontivy to Nantes 206 km via 107 locks (using successively the rivers Erdre, Isac, Vilaine and Oust)^[3]

PK 2 Nantes

PK 15 Sucé-sur-Erdre

PK 21 Left turn onto the Erdre River at Nort-sur-Erdre

PK 42.5 La Chevallerais

PK 50 Blain

PK 95 Redon

PK 132 Malestroit

PK 157.5 Josselin

PK 182 Rohan

PK 191.3 Saint-Gonnery begins the 5 km summit level

PK 205.9 Pontivy, junction with the river Blavet.

Navigation interrupted from Pontivy to Guerlédan dam

Guerlédan-La Pitié section

PK 226.8 Guerlédan dam

PK 252.4 La Pitié

Finistère or western section

PK 81 Goariva

PK 73 Port-de-Carhaix, end of canal section, navigation enters canalized river Hyères

PK 63 Maison du Canal at confluence of Hyères and Aulne rivers

PK 43.5 Chateauneuf-du-Faou

PK 0 Châteaulin

Tidal river Aulne and roadstead of port of Brest

PK 0 Châteaulin

PK 29 Landévennec.

PK 32.5 Mouth of Aulne River

PK 51 Roadstead of Brest Brest Harbor, Brest Bay

References

^ Association Canaux de Bretagne (2012). "Un peu d'histoire (brief history)"..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em

^ McKnight, Hugh (2005). Cruising French Waterways, 4th Edition. Sheridan House. ISBN 978-1574092103.

^ ^a^b^c Edwards-May, David (2010). Inland Waterways of France. St Ives, Cambs., UK: Imray. pp. 169–178. ISBN 978-1-846230-14-1.

^ Association Amis du Canal 22. "Consultation publique sur la navigation de la section Costamoricaine du Canal de Nantes à Brest".

External links

Canal de Nantes à Brest with information on places, ports and moorings on the canal, by the author of Inland Waterways of France, Imray

Navigation details for 80 French rivers and canals (French waterways website section)

[1] Association Canaux de Bretagne (2012). "Un peu d'histoire (brief history)"..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em

[hugh-2] McKnight, Hugh (2005). Cruising French Waterways, 4th Edition. Sheridan House. ISBN 978-1574092103.

[:0-3] Edwards-May, David (2010). Inland Waterways of France. St Ives, Cambs., UK: Imray. pp. 169–178. ISBN 978-1-846230-14-1.

[4] Association Amis du Canal 22. "Consultation publique sur la navigation de la section Costamoricaine du Canal de Nantes à Brest".

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