Raymond Gruender
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Raymond W. Gruender | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit | |
Incumbent | |
Assumed office June 5, 2004 | |
| Appointed by | George W. Bush |
| Preceded by | Pasco Bowman II |
United States Attorney for the Eastern District of Missouri | |
In office October 2001 – June 2004 | |
| President | George W. Bush |
| Preceded by | Audrey G. Fleissig |
| Succeeded by | James Martin |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1963-07-05) July 5, 1963 St. Louis, Missouri, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
| Education | Washington University in St. Louis (BA, MBA, JD) |
Raymond W. Gruender (born July 5, 1963) is a United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit.
Contents
1 Education and early career
2 Nomination and confirmation
3 Jurisprudence
4 Possible Supreme Court nomination
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Education and early career
Gruender was born in St. Louis, Missouri. He graduated from the prestigious Jesuit, all-boy college preparatory school, St. Louis University High School, in 1981. He then attended Washington University in St. Louis and Washington University School of Law and earned three degrees: a Bachelor of Arts, a Juris Doctor, and a Master of Business Administration. In 2006, he received the Distinguished Young Alumni Award from the law school.[1]
Prior to joining the federal bench, Gruender worked as an attorney both in private practice and public service. After law school, he was in private practice at Lewis, Rice & Fingersh from 1987 to 1990, at which point he became an Assistant United States Attorney for the Eastern District of Missouri. In 1994, he ran for election as St. Louis County Prosecuting Attorney and lost to the incumbent. He then returned to private practice at Thompson Coburn. In 1996, he was the Missouri state campaign director for Bob Dole's president campaign.[2] In 2000, he left Thompson Coburn to rejoin the United States Attorneys' Office, and in 2001 he became the United States Attorney for the Eastern District of Missouri, a position he remained in until his confirmation to the Eighth Circuit in 2004.[3]
Nomination and confirmation
Gruender was nominated to the Eighth Circuit by President George W. Bush on September 29, 2003 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Pasco Bowman II. The United States Senate confirmed him almost eight months later on May 20, 2004 by a vote of 97–1, with the only vote against his confirmation coming from U.S. Senator Tom Harkin.[4] Gruender received his commission on June 5, 2004.
Jurisprudence
Gruender authored the Eighth Circuit's opinion in In Re Union Pacific Railroad Employment Practices Litigation, No. 06-1706, which concluded that the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 did not give female employees the right to insurance coverage for contraceptives used solely to prevent pregnancy.[5][6] This opinion has been cited in the context of the debate over the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act contraception mandate.[7][8][9]
In Planned Parenthood Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota v. Rounds, No. 05-3093, a panel of the Eighth Circuit upheld an injunction that struck down a South Dakota informed consent law that required abortion providers to inform patients, among other things, that an "abortion will terminate the life of a whole, separate, unique, living human being." Gruender dissented, arguing that the law was constitutional and did not unduly burden women seeking abortions or infringe on the freedom of speech of physicians. The Eighth Circuit heard the case en banc and ruled in 2008 by a vote of 7–4, in an opinion authored by Gruender, that the law was, on its face, constitutional.[10][11]
In Little Rock School District v. North Little Rock School District, No. 04-2923 (2006), Gruender opposed the opinion of a panel of the Eighth Circuit that affirmed the district court's conclusion that federal desegregation monitoring should remain in effect in Little Rock, Arkansas. After the desegregation effort of the Little Rock Nine in 1957, the federal government began monitoring the school district in 1965. The Eighth Circuit agreed with the district court that the Little Rock district did not successfully evaluate its academic programs for how well they helped black students. Gruender dissented, arguing that the district court abused its discretion in mandating federal monitoring by using "impossibly subjective" criteria. The district court subsequently agreed with Gruender's reasoning and freed the school district from federal desegregation monitoring. In 2009, the Eighth Circuit then upheld the district court's decision in another appeal, No. 07-1866.[12][13]
Possible Supreme Court nomination
Gruender has been consistently mentioned as a possible nominee for the Supreme Court in a Republican administration.[14][15] On May 18, 2016, then Republican Presidential Candidate Donald Trump announced that Gruender was on his list of potential Supreme Court nominees.[16][17]
See also
- Donald Trump Supreme Court candidates
References
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on June 4, 2010. Retrieved April 18, 2010.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link).mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
^ "DOLE WON'T DEBATE PEROT DURING VISIT: BUT GOP CANDIDATE WILL SPEAK AT SLU.(News) – HighBeam Business: Arrive Prepared".
^ Johnson, Matthew E. (December 2004). "New Faces on the 8th Circuit: Do Recent Appointments Portend a Change?". Bench & Bar of Minnesota. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
^ "U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 108th Congress – 2nd Session".
^ Walter, Donna (March 21, 2007). "8th Circuit rules pregnancy act doesn't require contraceptive". The Kansas City Daily News-Press. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
^ "Eighth Circuit Holds That Benefits Plans Excluding All Contraceptives Do Not Discriminate Based on Sex" (PDF). Harvard Law Review. 121: 1447–1454. 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 31, 2009. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
^ "HHS Birth Control Mandate Has No Legal Precedent". March 20, 2012.
^ "The EEOC and Federal Contraceptive Regulation".
^ "The Persecution of Belmont Abbey". October 26, 2009.
^ Colb, Sherry (July 9, 2008). "The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit Approves An "Informed Consent" Requirement for Abortions: The Slippery Quality of Statutory Definitions". FindLaw's Writ. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
^ Slevin, Peter (July 20, 2008). "Ruling Gives South Dakota Doctors a Script to Read". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
^ Bartels, Charles (April 2, 2009). "Little Rock school desegregation order upheld". FOX News. Associated Press. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
^ "Court upholds Little Rock desegregation". Bay State Banner. Associated Press. June 29, 2006. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
^ 2016 (March 30, 2016). "8 Highly Qualified Candidates to Serve on the Supreme Court".
^ "The Daily 202: Key conservatives pushing Mike Lee for the Supreme Court".
^ News, ABC. "ABC News".
^ COLVIN, JILL. "TRUMP UNVEILS LIST OF HIS TOP SUPREME COURT PICKS". Associated Press. Archived from the original on May 19, 2016. Retrieved May 18, 2016.
External links
Raymond Gruender at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a public domain publication of the Federal Judicial Center.
| Legal offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Audrey G. Fleissig | United States Attorney for the Eastern District of Missouri 2001–2004 | Succeeded by James Martin |
| Preceded by Pasco Bowman II | Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit 2004–present | Incumbent |